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The phylogenetic placement of Ostropales within Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota) revisited
Authors:H Thorsten Lumbsch  Imke Schmitt  Robert Lücking  Elisabeth Wiklund  Mats Wedin
Institution:aDepartment of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA;bDepartment of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden;cDepartment of Cryptogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, Stockholm SE-104 05, Sweden
Abstract:Results of molecular studies regarding the phylogenetic placement of the order Ostropales and related taxa within Lecanoromycetes were thus far inconclusive. Some analyses placed the order as sister to the rest of Lecanoromycetes, while others inferred a position nested within Lecanoromycetes. We assembled a data set of 101 species including sequences from nuLSU rDNA, mtSSU rDNA, and the nuclear protein-coding RPB1 for each species to examine the cause of incongruencies in previously published phylogenies. MP, minimum evolution, and Bayesian analyses were performed using the combined three-region data set and the single-gene data sets. The position of Ostropales nested in Lecanoromycetes is confirmed in all single-gene and concatenated analyses, and a placement as sister to the rest of Lecanoromycetes is significantly rejected using two independent methods of alternative topology testing. Acarosporales and related taxa (Acarosporaceae group) are basal in Lecanoromycetes. However, if the these basal taxa are excluded from the analyses, Ostropales appear to be sister to the rest of Lecanoromycetes, suggesting different ingroup rooting as the cause for deviating topologies in previously published phylogenies.
Keywords:Ascomycota  Lecanoromycetes  Lichen-forming fungi  Ostropales  Phylogeny  RPB1  Taxon sampling
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