重庆市翼手类调查及保护建议

1996年至2001年对重庆市25个县(区、市)进行野外调查采集,结合有关资料记载,重庆市共有翼手目动物5科13属30种,并对物种组成、分布、区系和生态进行了分析,概括了资源现状.     

重庆市红纹滞卵蛇的再发现及分类讨论

1998年7月～2007年4月,在重庆市丰都县南天湖自然保护区、奉节县天坑地缝自然保护区、巴南区清华自然保护小区及沙坪坝区先后发现红纹滞卵蛇(Oocatochus rufodorsatus),扩大了该种在重庆市的分布。同时,作者就其分类问题进行了讨论。     

重庆市爬行动物物种多样性研究及保护

1996～2004年对重庆市35个县(区、市)进行野外调查采集,结合有关资料记载,重庆市共有爬行动物2目12科38属58种,其中龟鳖目4种,有鳞目蜥蜴亚目12种、蛇亚目42种(含重庆市蛇类新记录3属4种)。建议加强对该市爬行动物物种多样性及其生境的保护,合理利用爬行动物资源。     

重庆市凤蝶科昆虫地理分布的聚类研究

采用聚类分析方法对重庆市已知的32种凤蝶科昆虫的地理分布进行研究,论述了重庆市凤蝶科地理分布的特点,并对聚类结果与动物地理区划进行了比较。     

四川华蓥山地区第四纪哺乳动物化石

<正> 1980年,西南师范学院地理系由于教学需要在华蓥山一带开展了第四纪哺乳动物化石调查,发现了一些含化石洞穴堆积物。洞穴沿华鎣山脉向北、向南分布:其北有重庆市北碚区的殷家洞;合川县三汇坝牛尾洞;其南有重庆市南岸的黄桷垭、江津县的小南海等。同年,我们对牛尾洞,殷家洞以及歌乐山龙骨洞进行了发掘,初步报道如下。     

重庆市森林生态系统服务功能价值评估

评价了重庆市近几年来森林生态系统服务功能价值,将重庆市森林生态系统服务功能划分为提供产品功能、调节功能、支持功能及文化服务功能4大类,以2006年为基准年,利用市场价值法和生产成本法等,定量评价重庆市森林生态系统服务功能的经济价值。结果表明:从2006年至2011年,森林产品提供功能由35.14亿元增加至51.24亿元,提高了45.82%。森林碳储量增长了近100万t。重庆市森林生态系统涵养水源价值增加了59.21亿元。森林生态系统的土壤保持能力与保持总量都有所提高。气候调节价值净增加了45.86亿元。2011年森林工程引发旅游业收入增加68.34亿元。从不同的服务功能类型来看,其价值量大小依次为:水源涵养气候调节景观旅游生物多样性土壤保持碳固定。从研究结果来看,重庆市森林生态系统服务功能价值巨大,该结果有利于加强人们对森林生态系统的认识,可以为生态系统管理、生态保护和生态补偿提供依据。     

重庆市生态系统服务价值动态评估

研究生态系统服务价值的动态变化对于区域生态环境的保护和恢复具有重要意义.本文分别采用Costanza等和谢高地等确定的生态系统服务价值评估方法,对重庆市1997-2005年的生态系统服务价值进行估算.结果表明:重庆市生态系统服务价值总体上呈增长趋势,生态系统服务价值与GDP的比值呈下降趋势;灰色系统预测的结果显示,重庆市生态系统服务价值将继续增长;采用Costanza等方法、2000年不变价的谢高地等方法和当年价的谢高地等方法计算得到的生态系统服务价值数值差异较大,不同的方法之间可比性较低;3种方法分别回答了不同的问题,采用Costanza等方法主要反映了生态系统服务价值对土地利用变化的响应,采用2000年不变价还反映了生物量的变化对生态系统服务价值的影响,而采用当年价除反映了土地利用、生物量变化的影响外,还部分地反映了人们对生态系统服务支付意愿的变化.     

基于MODIS数据的重庆市城市热岛效应时空分析

随着全球城市化的加速发展,城市热岛现象愈发突出。在重庆市城市化进程中遭遇特大高温灾害的背景下,基于MODIS数据和气象数据,得到重庆市热场强度和强度指数时间序列数据。采用定性和定量分析手段,分析重庆市城市热岛效应的时空变化特征,揭示地表温度与下垫面之间的关系。结果表明:重庆市1951—2016年的年平均气温呈显著上升趋势(P0.01);重庆市主城区2001—2016年城市热岛面积和强度呈显著增大趋势;城市热岛与环境要素关系密切,归一化植被指数与地表温度呈显著负相关,这说明植被对热场具有调节作用,地表温度与平均气温呈正相关,说明地表对大气具有加热的作用;城市用地、水体、裸地或无植被区域的平均地表温度高于其他下垫面。本研究结果可为重庆市城市规划和生态城市建设提供依据。     

重庆市直辖以来生态足迹的动态测度与分析

生态足迹是近来测度生态可持续发展的一种定量方法。以重庆统计年鉴为主要数据来源,对重庆市1997-2004年的生态足迹进行了时间序列的测度。结果表明,2004年重庆市的人均生态足迹为1.2108hm^2,实际生态承载力为0.4696hm^2,人均生态赤字为0.7412hm^2。从1997-2004年人均生态足迹逐年增加,人均生态承载力逐年减少,导致人均生态赤字逐年增大,对外来资源的依赖性越来越大。利用灰色预测模型进行了预测,2009年人均生态赤字将达到0.8695hm^2,并在此基础上提出了减少生态赤字的一系列措施。     

重庆地区蝗虫区系组成的初步研究

1998～2000年对重庆市蝗虫进行了调查,结果表明,重庆地区有蝗虫60种,隶属于5科36属。其蝗虫区系组成以东洋种为主体,占重庆市蝗虫种数的51．7％;广布种次之,占21．7％;特有种再次,占16．7％;古北种最少。占10．0％。重庆市蝗虫可分为3个分布区：渝东北部中山区(24种)、渝南缘及东南部山地区(40种)和渝中西部低山丘陵区(34种)。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.