艾纳香化学成分的分离与鉴定

采用色谱技术对艾纳香的化学成分进行分离,根据理化性质和波谱学技术确定化合物的结构。结果从艾纳香的乙酸乙酯萃取液中分离得到7个已知成分,分别鉴定为木犀草素(1);木犀草素-7-甲醚(2);鼠李素(3);5,4′-二羟基-7-甲氧基-黄酮(4);5,4′-二羟基3,7,3′-三甲氧基-黄酮(5);北美圣草素(6);二氢斛皮素-4′-甲醚(7)。其中化合物4、5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

黄花补血草的化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱对黄花补血草（Limonium aureum（L．）Hill．）进行分离和纯化,并根据理化性质和光谱数据分析鉴定得到6个化合物,分别为：北美圣草素（eriodictyol,1）,柚皮素（narigenin,2）,槲皮素（quercetin,3）,β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,4）,6,8-二羟基色原酮（6,8-dihydroxy—chromone,5）,胡萝卜苷（daucosterol,6）。化合物4—6均为首次从该植物中获得。     

蜡菊花的化学成分研究

从菊科植物蜡菊(Helichrysum bracteatumVent)花的乙醇提取物中分离出11个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为subscandenin(1),江户樱花苷(2),圣草素5-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(3),pyracanthoside(4),槲皮素(5),木犀草素(6),柯伊利素(7),异荭草素(8),咖啡酸(9),piperitol(10),4-hydroxymethyl-1-methoxycarbonylazulene(11)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

水团花黄酮类成分及其体外抗病毒活性

从水团花乙醇提物的乙酸乙酯部位分离到6个黄酮类化合物,根据光谱数据分别鉴定为柚皮素（1）、圣草酚（2）、槲皮素（3）、柚皮素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（4）、圣草酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（5）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）,化合物1、2,4和5为首次从该植物中分离得到。采用细胞病变抑制法（CPEr eductionassay）和MTT法测定化合物的体外抗病毒活性,结果显示,三个黄酮苷元1、2和3均具有不同程度的体外抑制呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和柯萨奇B3型病毒（CVB3）活性,反之,3个黄酮苷均不显示活性。     

藏东瑞香茎叶化学成分的研究

运用各种色谱分离方法对藏东瑞香（Daphne bholua）地上部分的乙醇提取物进行分离纯化,从中分离得到12个化合物。通过波谱学数据并与已知化合物数据作比较,它们分别鉴定为：木犀草素（1）、芫花素（2）、芫花素5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（3）、3＇-羟基-芫花素（4）、3＇-甲氧基．芫花素（5）、异新狼毒素（6）、Genkwanol B（7）、Oleo-daphnone（8）、阿魏醛（9）、香草醛（10）、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯（n）移谷甾醇（12）。所有这些化合物都为从该植物中首次分离鉴定。     

蓝花侧金盏化学成分的研究

从藏药蓝花侧金盏的乙醇溶液中分离得到8个化合物,通过波谱学方法分别鉴定为三十一烷醇(1)、对甲酰基肉桂酸(2)、芹菜素(3)、木犀草素(4)、荭草苷(5)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、异荭草苷(7)及侧金盏醇(8)。化合物1、2、4、6、7均首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

牛筋条的新化合物

从牛筋条（Dichotomanthes tristaniaecarpa)地上部分分离得到8个化合物,经^1HNMR,^13CNMR,MS等波谱分析,它们被分别鉴定为羽扇豆醇（1）,白桦脂醇（2）,5,7-二羟基色酮（3）,（-）-表儿茶素（4）,圣草酚3′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（5）,圣草酚7-O-β-D-（6′-乙酯基）-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸苷（6）,圣草酚7-O-β-D-（6′-甲酯基）-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸苷（7）,野蔷薇苷（8）,其中化合物6,7为新化合物。     

香鳞毛蕨的化学成分研究

本文对香鳞毛蕨水提液进行大孔树脂柱色谱,用水、30%、60%、95%乙醇依次洗脱,从香鳞毛蕨30%乙醇组分中分离得到10个化合物,通过波普数据和理化性质分别鉴定为:5,7二羟基-2-羟甲基色原酮(1)、咖啡酸甲酯(2)、2S-圣草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、二氢松柏醇(4)、1,3-二羟基-5-丙基苯(5)、3β-羟基-5α,6α-环氧-7-大柱香波龙烯-9-酮(6)、2-羟基苯甲酸(7)、咖啡酸(8)、对羟基苯乙酮(9)、圣草素(10),以上化合物中4~10为首次从鳞毛蕨属植物中分离得到。     

中药大蓟化学成分的研究

从大蓟的50％乙醇提取物中分离得到2个木脂素：（-）2-（3’-甲氧基4’-羟基-苯基）-3,4-二羟基4-（3＂-4＂-羟基-苄基）-3-四氢呋哺甲醇（1）和络石苷（2）,以及另外6个化合物：蒙花苷（3）、柳穿鱼叶苷（4）、粗毛豚草素（5）、芹菜素（6）、咖啡酸（7）和对-香豆酸（8）。本文首次在蓟属植物中发现木脂素类成分,化合物7也为首次从本植物中分离得到,通过体外玻片法对化合物1—8进行凝血活性测定,发现化合物3、4具有一定的促凝血作用。     

飞机草中的化学成分

从飞机草（Eupatorium odoratum Linn)中分离得7个化合物,经光谱分析鉴定为：山萘酚－4'-甲基醚（1）,槲皮黄素7,4'－二甲基醚（2）,刺槐素（3）,柑桔素－4'-甲基醚（4）,豆甾醇（5）,β-谷甾醇（6）及β－胡萝卜甙（7）。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various