姜黄素作用PTEN/PI3K/AKT通路诱导食管癌EC109细胞凋亡

目的:研究姜黄素作用食管癌的分子机制。方法:体外培养人食管癌细胞(EC109),15~120μmol/L姜黄素处理后,采用CCK-8法检测姜黄素对细胞的增殖抑制作用,透射电镜观察细胞超微结构,Annexin V-FITC/PI双染激光共聚焦显微镜观察细胞凋亡,流式细胞术分析15~120μmol/L姜黄素作用EC109细胞后PTEN/PI3K/AKT通路相关蛋白PTEN、AKT、GSK3β和Caspase 3的表达水平。结果:CCK-8检测结果姜黄素能显著抑制EC109细胞的增殖,呈剂量和时间效应关系;透射电镜和激光共聚集显微镜观察发现姜黄素能使EC109细胞发生凋亡;流式细胞仪蛋白水平分析显示姜黄素可增强细胞中PTEN、GSK3β和Caspase 3的表达,抑制AKT的表达。结论:姜黄素抑制EC109细胞的增殖并促进其凋亡的生物学效应与增强PTEN的表达抑制PI3K/AKT信号通路有关。     

CHOP在三氧化二砷诱导SMMC-7721 凋亡中的作用

目的:探讨CHOP在三氧化二砷(Arsenic Trioxide,As_2O_3)诱导肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721凋亡中的作用。方法:通过MTT法观察不同浓度的As_2O_3对肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721增殖活性的影响;通过流式细胞术检测不同浓度的As_2O_3作用后,SMMC-7721细胞的凋亡率;以Western-blot方法检测As_2O_3处理SMMC-7721细胞后,内质网应激相关蛋白GRP78,CHOP的变化。通过CHOP siRNA沉默CHOP后,观察As_2O_3对SMMC-7721细胞凋亡的影响。结果:As_2O_3能显著抑制SMMC-7721细胞的增殖活性,并呈剂量依赖性诱导SMMC-7721细胞的凋亡;Western blot结果显示三氧化二砷诱导内质网应激相关蛋白的表达。CHOP siRNA沉默CHOP后能够显著抑制As_2O_3对SMMC-7721细胞凋亡的诱导。结论:As_2O_3诱导SMMC-7721细胞凋亡可能与其诱导CHOP表达有关。     

麦角甾苷通过PI3K/Akt/GSK3β通路抑制H_2O_2诱导的小鼠胚胎肝细胞凋亡

该文建立了H_2O_2诱导小鼠胚胎肝细胞损伤模型,并探讨了麦角甾苷通过PI3K/Akt/GSK3β通路抑制H_2O_2诱导的胚胎肝细胞凋亡作用机制。CCK-8检测细胞存活率,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,Western blot法检测Bcl-x L、Bax、Cyt-c、Akt、p-Akt、GSK3β和p-GSK3β蛋白质水平。结果显示,麦角甾苷可通过降低Bax/Bcl-x L比值、抑制线粒体Cyt-c释放、增加Akt和GSK3β蛋白质磷酸化水平来提高细胞存活率、减少凋亡细胞数量。该研究结果表明,麦角甾苷可通过PI3K/Akt/GSK3β通路调节H_2O_2诱导的小鼠胚胎肝细胞凋亡。     

miR-125b-5p对人血管瘤内皮细胞HemES增殖和凋亡的影响及其机制

目的: 研究miR-125b-5p 对人血管瘤内皮细胞HemECs增殖、凋亡的影响。方法: RT-qPCR检测人血管瘤内皮细胞HemECs及其旁系组织细胞中miR-125b-5p与MCL-1 mRNA的表达;选取HemECs细胞分为对照组、miR-NC组、miR-125b-5p mimic组、miR-125b-5p inhibitor组、pc-MCL-1组、miR-125b-5p+ pc-MCL-1组,每组设9复孔。将100 nmol · L^-1 的miR-NC、miR-125b-5p mimic、miR-125b-5p inhibitor 、pc-MCL-1质粒分别或联合转染进入HemECs细胞。MTT法检测HemECs细胞增殖;流式细胞术检测HemECs细胞凋亡; 双荧光素酶报告检测靶向关系;蛋白印迹法检测Ki67、PCNA、cleaved caspase-3、Bax、Bcl-2、p-p70s6k/ p70s6k、p-AKT/AKT、p-mTOR/ mTOR蛋白相对表达水平。结果: 通过比较miR-125b-5p在血管瘤组织和细胞中的表达水平,选择下调效果比较明显的HemECs细胞系进行后续实验。与对照组相比,miR-125b-5p mimic组HemECs细胞增殖及Ki67和PCNA表达明显减少(P＜0.01),细胞凋亡率及cleaved Caspase-3、Bax表达明显升高、Bcl-2表达明显降低(P＜0.01),p-AKT/AKT、p-mTOR/mTOR、p-p70S6K/p70S6K表达明显下调(P＜0.01);miR-125b-5p inhibitor组HemECs细胞增殖及Ki67和PCNA表达明显增加(P＜0.01),细胞凋亡率及cleaved Caspase-3、Bax表达明显降低、Bcl-2表达升高(P＜0.05,P＜ 0.01)。miR-125b-5p靶向下调MCL-1。与miR-125b-5p mimic组相比,miR-125b-5p+ pc-MCL-1组HemECs细胞增殖及Ki67和PCNA表达明显增加(P＜0.01),细胞凋亡率及cleaved Caspase-3、Bax表达明显降低、Bcl-2表达明显升高(P＜0.01), p-AKT/AKT、p-mTOR/mTOR、p-p70S6K/p70S6K表达明显上调(P＜0.01)。结论: miR-125b-5p抑制人血管瘤内皮细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡,其机制可能与靶向下调MCL-1表达,抑制AKT / mTOR通路激活等有关。     

Spautin-1通过抑制自噬可增强舒尼替尼诱导的肾癌细胞凋亡

目的:研究spautin-1(一种自噬抑制剂)是否能抑制舒尼替尼诱导的肾癌细胞的自噬以及对舒尼替尼诱导的肾癌细胞凋亡的影响。方法:以肾癌细胞系786-O细胞为模型,Western Blot检测spautin-1对舒尼替尼诱导786-O细胞自噬的影响;Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)检测spautin-1和舒尼替尼对786-O细胞增殖的影响;应用流式细胞术,检测spautin-1对舒尼替尼诱导的786-O细胞凋亡的影响;Western Blot检测spautin-1的促凋亡作用与PI3K/AKT/GSK3β信号通路及抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2和Mcl-1的关系。结果:与舒尼替尼单独处理组相比,spautin-1能通过降低Beclin-1的表达显著抑制舒尼替尼在786-O细胞中诱导的自噬;Spautin-1和舒尼替尼联合作用明显增强舒尼替尼对786-O细胞增殖的抑制作用;Spautin-1能进一步增强舒尼替尼诱导的786-O细胞的凋亡;Spautin-1和舒尼替尼联合处理786-O细胞时,可以显著降低p-AKTSer473和p-GSK3βSer9的蛋白表达水平,增强GSK3β的活性,进而下调Bcl-2、Mcl-1的表达。结论:Spautin-1能通过抑制AKT活性并活化GSK3β,进一步降低抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、Mcl-1的表达,增强舒尼替尼诱导的肾癌细胞凋亡。     

维替泊芬通过抑制YAP诱导白血病NB4细胞凋亡

探讨维替泊芬对人类白血病NB4细胞活性、凋亡的影响及其作用机制。我们用CCK-8实验检测NB4细胞的增殖活性;集落形成实验检测NB4细胞的集落形成能力;细胞周期和凋亡用流式细胞术来检测;凋亡形态学用Hoechst33342染色来观察;以及Western blotting检测细胞中蛋白的表达水平。结果显示,NB4细胞经维替泊芬处理后,集落数量减少,集落大小减小;CCK-8结果提示细胞增殖活性受到显著抑制,且呈现出剂量和时间依赖性(p0.05);Hoechst 33342染色后观察到细胞凋亡形态;流式检测到G0/G1期细胞明显增多,细胞凋亡率明显增加(p0.05);Western blotting检测到YAP、GSK3β、p-AKT、cyclin D1、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显下调,Bax、p-GSK3β表达明显增加,裂解的PARP蛋白明显增加(p0.05)。因此本研究提示,维替泊芬能抑制人类白血病NB4细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡。其机制是通过抑制YAP蛋白的表达诱导细胞凋亡,AKT/GSK3β信号参与了这一过程。     

大黄素提高HeLa细胞对三氧化二砷促凋亡敏感性的研究

活性氧(reactive oxygen specis ROS)在三氧化二砷(arsenic trioxide,As_2O_3)诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡中扮演重要角色。本研究用一种天然蒽醌类物质——大黄素(emodin)作为提高HeLa细胞ROS水平的手段,考察其对As_2O_3促凋亡敏感性的影响,并探究可能涉及的信号传导机制。结果显示大黄素10μmol/L提高ROS并增加了HeLa细胞在As_2O_32μmol/L作用下的凋亡率,对正常成纤维细胞却无影响。该联合作用可以促进HeLa细胞线粒体跨膜电位降低;抑制转录因子NF-kB激活。本研究提示:大黄素通过提高ROS介导凋亡信号传导的增强和生存信号传导的抑制,增加HeLa细胞对As_2O_3促凋亡的敏感性。     

慢病毒转染SPOP基因对滋养层细胞HTR8-SVneo增殖和侵袭的影响及其机制

为了探讨慢病毒转染SPOP基因后对滋养层细胞HTR8-SVneo增殖和侵袭能力的影响,并阐明其可能的机制,分别构建过表达和敲低SPOP基因的慢病毒载体,转入到HTR8-SVneo细胞中。分别在荧光显微镜下观察转染的荧光效率。用qRT-PCR法检测感染病毒后的细胞中SPOP mRNA的表达量,Western blotting法检测各组细胞中SPOP、PTEN、AKT、p-AKT、GSK3β、p-GSK3β和GAPDH的表达量。采用CCK-8法检测各组细胞的增殖活力,Transwell小室法检测各组细胞的侵袭能力。结果显示,在HTR8-SVneo、JAR和JEG3这3种滋养层细胞中,HTR8-SVneo细胞中SPOP蛋白表达相对最高。HTR8-SVneo细胞经慢病毒转染后,与对照组比较,过表达组中SPOP mRNA和蛋白表达量明显升高(p0.01),PTEN蛋白表达量升高,而p-AKT和p-GSK3β表达量降低,细胞的侵袭能力明显下降(p0.05),细胞增殖活力无明显变化。相反,敲低组中SPOP mRNA和蛋白表达量明显下降(p0.01),PTEN蛋白表达量降低,p-AKT和p-GSK3β表达量升高,细胞的侵袭能力和增殖活力均明显增强(p0.05)。研究结果表明,慢病毒转染SPOP基因可以影响滋养层细胞HTR-8/SVneo的增殖和迁移能力,其机制可能与PTEN/AKT/GSK3β信号通路调节有关。     

过氧化氢对内皮祖细胞凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响

目的:比较不同浓度过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide,H2O2)对人外周血来源的内皮祖细胞(endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs)生存能力的改变及其对凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响。方法:采用密度梯度离心法和差速贴壁法从人外周静脉血中分离培养内皮祖细胞。选取传代后第3代EPCs作为研究对象,以终浓度分别为50μmol/L、100μmol/L、150μmol/L、200μmol/L、300μmol/L和400μmol/L的过氧化氢处理内皮祖细胞12 h,同时设立正常处理对照组。CCK-8法检测各组内皮祖细胞生存能力的差异;Western blot分析各组内皮祖细胞中凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2和p53的蛋白表达情况。结果:与对照组相比,在浓度为50μmol/L、100μmol/L和150μmol/L过氧化氢处理组中细胞存活能力逐渐增强,促凋亡蛋白Bax、p53随之下调,抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2则显著上调;在浓度为200μmol/L、300μmol/L和400μmol/L过氧化氢处理组中细胞生存能力相对于正常对照组逐渐减弱,促凋亡蛋白Bax、p53表达水平逐渐增加,抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达水平下降。结论:过氧化氢对内皮祖细胞存活能力和凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2、p53表达的影响均呈双相性变化。     

联合应用PI-103和AG1478抑制SH-SY5Y细胞增殖并促进其凋亡

目的观察联合应用PI-103和AG1478对神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞的作用。方法以m TOR拮抗剂PI-103、EGFR拮抗剂AG1478分别单独和联合处理SH-SY5Y细胞后,用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法测定不同浓度梯度的PI-103和AG1478对SH-SY5Y细胞增殖的影响并计算相应的半数抑制浓度(IC50),流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,Hoechst-33528染色观察细胞凋亡的形态改变,Western blot检测PI3K/Akt信号通路相关蛋白的水平变化。结果 PI-103和AG1478均能抑制SH-SY5Y细胞增殖且半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为3.2μmol/L,215.5μmol/L。IC50浓度作用24h后,Hoechst-33528染色和流式细胞术分析显示,联合用药的细胞凋亡率远高于单一用药。Western blot检测单独用药后磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-Akt)和磷酸化核糖体蛋白S6激酶(p-p70s6k)表达水平降低,且联合用药后p-Akt和p-p70s6k的水平降低更明显。结论 PI-103和AG1478联合用药能提高肿瘤细胞死亡率,其抗肿瘤效果有协同效应。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).