红背山麻杆化学成分的研究

采用柱色谱技术从红背山麻杆叶子的60％乙醇提取物中分离得到4个黄酮苷和2个其他类化合物.根据理化性质及波谱方法分别鉴定为:芹菜素-6-C-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、芹菜素-7-O-芸香糖苷(2)、芹菜素-7-O-β-(2″-O-α-鼠李糖基)葡萄糖醛酸苷(3)、木犀草素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、没食子酸乙酯(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6).以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物1～4为首次从山麻杆属中分离得到的黄酮苷.     

蒙药材莲座蓟化学成分的研究

从莲座蓟(Cirsium Esculentum C.A.Mey)植物的根及根茎中分离得到6个化合物,经波谱数据分析分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(1)、5,7-二羟基-6,4’-二甲氧基黄酮(2)、刺槐素(3)、β-胡萝卜苷(4)、蒙花苷(5)、绿原酸(6)。上述化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

小叶米仔兰枝条中的抗菌活性成分研究

为探讨小叶米仔兰(Aglaia odorata var.microphyllina)中的抗菌活性成分,从其枝条的乙醇提取物中分离得到6个化合物,通过波谱分析,分别鉴定为:4(15)-桉叶烯-1β,7,11-三醇(1)、4α,10β,11-三羟基-1,5-反-愈创木烷-6-烯(2)、6,15α-环氧-1β,4β-二羟基桉烷(3)、2-羟基-丁二酸-1-甲酯(4)、巴西红厚壳素(5)和胡萝卜苷(6)。以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物1、2、4和5为首次从米仔兰属植物中分离得到。用滤纸片琼脂扩散法测定了化合物1~5的抗菌活性,结果显示化合物4和5对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制作用。     

青蕨化学成分的研究

从青蕨的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到6个化合物,通过化学方法及波谱分析,分别将其结构鉴定为木香素Ⅲ(1),7-甲氧基鬼灯擎素(2),扶桑甾醇(3),5-(3′-甲基丁基)-8-甲氧基呋喃香豆素(4),2-(3′-羟基-3′-甲基)丁基-4-羟基-5-甲氧基苯酚-1-O-β-D匍吡喃糖苷(青蕨素Ⅰ)(5)和2-(3′-羟基-3′-甲基)丁基-4-羟基-3,6-二甲氧基苯酚-1-O-β-D-匍吡喃糖苷(青蕨素Ⅱ)(6)。化合物5和6为新化合物,化合物1,2,3和4为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

牛奶菜中黄酮类成分的研究

从牛奶菜(Marsdenia sinensis Hemsl)根中分离得到6个黄酮类化合物,经光谱分析确定其结构为:芹菜素(1),(2S)-柚皮素(2),木犀草素(3),异牡荆素(4),8-C-β-D-Glucopyranosyl apigeninidin(5),5,7-二羟基色原酮(6)。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,同时对分离得到的单体化合物进行细胞毒活性测试,化合物1～5均表现出较强的细胞毒活性。     

鹧鸪花中一个新的木脂素

为明确鹧鸪花枝叶的化学物质基础，该研究采用硅胶柱色谱、MCI、C₁₈、Sephadex LH-20及制备HPLC等色谱技术对其进行分离和纯化，并通过理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果表明：(1)从鹧鸪花枝、叶的甲醇提取物中分离得到6个单体化合物，分别鉴定为新化合物8-O-4′-木脂素，即heynealigan A(1)、3β,21-dihydroxy-24-methylenecycloartane(2)、3-oxo-threo-23,24,25-trihydroxytirucall-7-ene(3)、16-dehydeoxy-23β-hydroxymeliasenin F(4)、ergost-5, 24(28)-diene-3β, 23S-diol(5)、7α-羟基谷甾醇(6)。(2)化合物1为新的木脂素，化合物2-4为三萜化合物，化合物5和化合物6为甾体化合物，化合物2-5为首次从该植物中分离得到。该研究结果为鹧鸪花的合理开发利用提供了科学依据。     

抱茎苦荬菜水溶性成分的分离与结构鉴定

从抱茎苦荬菜的水溶性成分分离得到5个化合物,根据理化性质和光谱数据分别鉴定为木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(1),木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖1→2葡萄糖苷(2),芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(3),菊苣酸(4),(-)3,4-二羟基咖啡酰基酒石酸(5)。化合物3～5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

昆仑雪菊黄酮类成分研究

采用大孔树脂、ODS RP-18和Sephadex LH-20柱从昆仑雪菊中分离得到7个黄酮类化合物,通过理化性质和波谱学方法鉴定化合物的结构,分别为:异奥卡宁7-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、栎草亭-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、马里苷(3)、奥卡宁(4)、木犀草素(5)、槲皮素(6)、8-羟基黄颜木素(7)。其中化合物2、5、6和7为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

鞭打绣球中的一个新单萜苷

从鞭打绣球(Hemiphragma heterophyllum Wall.)全草中分离到1个新单萜苷和7个已知化合物.通过波谱数据分析,新单萜苷的结构鉴定为(4S)-α-萜烯醇-8-O-β-D-比喃木糖-(1→6)-β-D-比喃葡萄糖苷,已知化合物分别鉴定为globularin(2)、(2S 3S,4R,9E)-1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-[(2'R)-hydroxy-tetracosanoylamino]-9-octadecene(3)、β-香树素(4)、齐墩果酸(5)、肉桂酸(6)、β-谷甾醇(7)和胡萝卜甙(8).除化合物2外,其余化合物均为首次从鞭打绣球中分离得到.     

明党参根皮超临界萃取部位化学成分研究

采用超临界CO2萃取、柱层析、重结晶等方法,从明党参根皮部位分离得到9个化合物。经理化方法和波谱分析鉴定为二十五烷酸(1)、二十七烷醇(2)、β-谷甾醇(3)、豆甾醇(4)、异欧前胡素(5)、欧前胡素(6)、花椒毒酚(7)、珊瑚菜内酯(8)和5-羟基-8-甲氧基补骨脂素(9)。化合物5～7为首次从明党参中分离得到,其余化合物均为首次从该植物根皮中分离得到。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).