绵羊微卫星BMS2508和FecB基因的多态及连锁分析

文章分析与绵羊高繁殖力主效基因FecB紧密连锁的微卫星座位BMS2508在高繁殖力绵羊品种(小尾寒羊)和低繁殖力绵羊品种(特克塞尔、多赛特和中国美利奴)中的遗传多态性, 同时探讨该微卫星座位与小尾寒羊FecB基因的连锁不平衡关系。高繁殖力品种小尾寒羊在骨形态发生蛋白受体IB(Bone morphogenetic protein receptor IB, BMPR-IB)基因编码序列第746位碱基处发生了与Booroola Merino绵羊相同的FecB突变(A746G), 而在低繁殖力的特克塞尔、多赛特和中国美利奴绵羊中没有检测到该突变; 小尾寒羊BB、B+、++的基因型频率分别为0.485、0.398和0.117。微卫星座位BMS2508在4个绵羊品种的438个个体中共检测到8个等位基因和15种基因型, 最小等位基因为94 bp, 最大等位基因为116 bp; 小尾寒羊(n = 307)、特克塞尔(n = 45)、多赛特(n = 46)、中国美利奴(n = 40)和BB型(n = 149)、B+型(n = 122)、++型(n = 36)小尾寒羊群体中优势等位基因分别是100 bp、94 bp、94 bp、112 bp、100 bp、100 bp、112 bp, 其频率分别为0.453、0.544、0.802、0.475、0.483、0.439、0.389。连锁不平衡分析显示小尾寒羊FecB基因B等位基因与BMS2508微卫星座位100 bp等位基因之间存在一定的连锁不平衡(D′=0.408), 而+等位基因与BMS2508微卫星座位110 bp和114b p等位基因均存在一定的连锁不平衡(D′=0.513)。     

GDF9 as a candidate gene for prolificacy of Small Tail Han sheep

Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) which controls the fecundity of Belclare, Cambridge, Santa Ines, Moghani, Ghezel and Thoka ewes was studied as a candidate gene for the prolificacy of Small Tail Han sheep. According to the sequence of ovine GDF9 gene, six pairs of primers were designed to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms of two exons of GDF9 gene in both high fecundity breed (Small Tail Han sheep) and low fecundity breed (Dorset sheep) by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). Only the products amplified by primers 2-1 and 2-2 displayed polymorphisms. For primer 2-1, three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) were detected in both sheep breeds. Sequencing revealed one silent mutation (G477A) in exon 2 of GDF9 gene in the BB genotype in comparison with the AA, which was known as G3 mutation of GDF9 gene in Belclare and Cambridge ewes. The relationship of least squares means for litter size was AA?>?AB?>?BB in Small Tail Han sheep (P?>?0.05). For primer 2-2, two genotypes (CC and CD) were detected in both sheep breeds. Sequencing revealed one novel single nucleotide mutation (G729T) in exon 2 of GDF9 gene in the CD genotype in comparison with the CC, which resulted in an amino acid change (Gln243His). The ewes with mutation heterozygous genotype CD had 0.77 (P?相似文献   

Polymorphism of 5′ regulatory region of ovine FSHR gene and its association with litter size in Small Tail Han sheep

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of 5?? regulatory region of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene were detected in two high prolificacy sheep breeds (Small Tail Han and Hu sheep) and two low prolificacy sheep breeds (Corriedale and Chinese Merino sheep) by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). The results indicated that there were three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) detected by primer 1 in Hu sheep while only one genotype (AA) in other three sheep breeds, and frequencies of AA, AB and BB genotypes in Hu sheep were 0.700, 0.225 and 0.075, respectively. There were three genotypes (EE, EF and EG) detected by primer 3 in Small Tail Han sheep while only EE genotype occurred in other three sheep breeds, and frequencies of EE, EF and EG genotypes in Small Tail Han sheep were 0.775, 0.200 and 0.025, respectively. No polymorphism was detected in four sheep breeds by primer 2 and primer 4. The sequencing results showed that there were two nucleotide mutations (g. ?681T>C and g. ?629C>T) in genotype BB compared with AA for primer 1. As for primer 3, two mutations (g. ?197G>A and g. ?98T>C) in genotype EF compared with EE and two mutations (g. ?200G>A and g. ?197G>A) in genotype EG compared with EE. The heterozygous ewes with EG or EF had 0.89 (P?<?0.05) or 0.42 (P?<?0.05) lambs more than homozygous ewes (EE genotype) in Small Tail Han sheep, respectively, while there was no significant difference on litter size between EG and EF ewes.     

优良的BMPR-IB基因型可提高绵羊冷冻胚胎的受胎效果

以控制BooroolaMerino羊高繁殖力的BMPR-IB基因为候选基因,以小尾寒羊及其杂交羊、东北半细毛羊、澳洲美利奴羊、德国肉用美利奴羊、萨福克羊、特克塞尔羊、夏洛莱羊为试验对象,采用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法进行基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)检测和基因型分析,同时研究基因对高繁殖力的影响.研究结果表明:小尾寒羊及其杂交羊、东北半细毛羊和夏洛莱羊群体中发现了与BooroolaMerino羊相同的A746G碱基突变,而小尾寒羊及其杂交羊群体的B等位基因频率明显高于其他2个品种.另外4个品种中未发现此突变.携带B等位基因的群体较非携带B等位基因群体排出更多的卵子,排卵后黄体直径较小.移植入冷冻胚胎后, 、B 和BB3种基因型群体的妊娠率分别为38.78%、45.71%和66.67%.由此推断,BMPR-IB基因突变很有可能从增加卵巢排卵数和提高胚胎着床及妊娠建立效率两个方面同时影响绵羊高繁殖力性状.所得BB型群体冻胚移植妊娠率明显高于 和B 型群体,已接近鲜胚移植水平,通过PCR-RFLP方法进行基因型分析,选用合适基因型群体作为胚胎移植受体,有可能为提高绵羊胚胎移植受胎率提供新的方向.     

Polymorphisms of KiSS-1 and GPR54 genes and their relationships with litter size in sheep

The KiSS-1 and GPR54 genes were studied as candidate genes for the prolificacy in sheep. Four pairs of primers were designed to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms of exon 1 of KiSS-1 gene and exon 1, exon 2 and partial exon 5 of GPR54 gene in high fecundity breeds (Small Tail Han and Hu sheep) and low fecundity breeds (Dorset, Texel and Corriedale sheep) by PCR-SSCP. Polymorphisms in exon 1 of KiSS-1 gene were detected in prolific Small Tail Han sheep (AA, AB and BB genotypes) and Hu sheep (AA and CC genotypes), no polymorphism was found in low fecundity sheep breeds (only AA genotype). Polymorphisms in exon 2 of GPR54 gene were detected in prolific Hu sheep (DD and EE genotypes) and no polymorphism was found in prolific Small Tail Han sheep and low fecundity sheep breeds (only DD genotype). No polymorphism was detected in exon 1 and partial exon 5 of GPR54 gene in five sheep breeds. The polymorphic genotypes were sequenced. While compared the BB genotype with the AA genotype, one nucleotide mutation (G1035A) was detected, which resulted in amino acid change, Val25Met. Five nucleotide mutations were detected from AA to CC genotype (C981T, C996T, T997C, C1034G, C1039T), and among them four caused amino acid changes, that is, Arg7Trp, Phe12Leu, Asn24Lys, Ala26Val. While compared the EE genotype with the DD genotype, two nucleotide mutations (T2360C, A2411C) were detected, which gave rise to amino acid changes, Met90Thr and Asp107Ala, respectively. Genotype frequencies of AA, BB and AB were 0.62, 0.05 and 0.33 in Small Tail Han sheep, respectively. The Small Tail Han sheep ewes with genotype BB or AB had 0.88 (P?<?0.05) or 0.51 (P?<?0.05) lambs more than those with genotype AA; the Small Tail Han sheep ewes with genotype BB had 0.37 (P?>?0.05) lambs more than those with genotype AB. These results preliminarily indicated that the KiSS-1 gene may have some association with prolificacy in sheep.     

Predictive potential of microsatellite markers on heterosis of fecundity in crossbred sheep

Small Tail Han (STH) sheep is a famous Chinese local breed and has perfect prolificacy performance, but it is inferior to imported mutton sheep breeds on meat production. In this study, six imported male sheep populations (White Suffolk, Black Suffolk, Texel, Dorper, South African Mutton Merino and East Friesian) were crossbred with STH female sheep respectively. The heterosis values of litter size, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of crossbred sheep were analyzed for seeking the optimal cross. Meanwhile 28 microsatellite markers were used to measure the genetic distance between imported populations and STH population. Regression between the genetic distance and heterosis was analyzed for evaluating potential of microsatellite on predicting heterosis. Results showed a significant positive linear correlation (r = 0.892, P < 0.05) between heterosis of litter size and genetic distance D _A of six crosses. This implied that these microsatellite markers had moderate potential to forecast heterosis of litter size in sheep. Results of this study also indicated that South African Mutton Merino and East Friesian sheep would be the optimal sire breeds for the litter size and might bring the greatest economic benefit in six imported populations; Suffolk sheep could be prior consideration as sire breeds when breeding objective focused on ADG. Finally these results provided valuable information for Chinese sheep industry.     

Association between PCR-SSCP of growth differentiation factor 9 gene and high prolificacy in Small Tail Han sheep

Small Tail Han sheep that has significant characteristics of high prolificacy and nonseasonal ovulatory activity is an excellent local sheep breed in P.R. China. The lambing percentage averaged 260% in Small Tail Han sheep. Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) gene, which was essential for growth and differentiation of early ovarian follicles, was considered as a possible candidate gene for litter size in Small Tail Han sheep. The genetic polymorphism of a part of the GDF9 gene was detected in 130 ewes of Small Tail Han sheep by PCR-SSCP. The results indicated that there were two genotypes (AA and AB) detected by two primer pairs. In both exon 1 and exon 2 of the GDF9 gene in Small Tail Han sheep, frequencies of AA genotype were 0.846 and 0.908, frequencies of AB genotype were 0.154 and 0.092, frequencies of A allele were 0.923 and 0.954, and frequencies of B allele were 0.077 and 0.046, respectively. The results of chi2 fitness test indicated that both exon 1 and exon 2 of the GDF9 gene were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05) in Small Tail Han sheep. Least squares means of litter size in the first and the second parity for genotype AA were 0.30 (p <0.05) and 0.77 (p <0.0001) more than those for genotype AB detected in exon 1 of the GDF9 gene in Small Tail Han sheep, respectively. Fragments detected in exon 2 of the GDF9 gene had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on litter size in both the first and the second parity in Small Tail Han sheep. Litter size in sheep is lowly heritable, expressed only in females, and manifested relatively late in life. Access to genetic markers would thus be advantageous in selection programs.     

Polymorphism of insulin-like growth factor 1 gene and its association with litter size in Small Tail Han sheep

The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene was studied as a candidate gene for high prolificacy in sheep. Polymorphisms of 5' regulatory region and all four exons of IGF1 gene were detected in Small Tail Han (n?=?277), Hu (n?=?58), Texel (n?=?48) and Dorset (n?=?46) sheep by PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSCP analysis. A microsatellite polymorphic site and a restriction fragment length polymorphism were shown in the 5' regulatory region of IGF1 gene. The ewes with genotype 123/123?bp had 0.81 (P??0.05) in Small Tail Han sheep. These results preliminarily indicated that these polymorphisms of IGF1 gene could be used in molecular marker-assisted selection for sheep breeding programs.     

BMPR-IB和BMP15基因作为小尾寒羊多胎性能候选基因的研究

以控制BooroolaMerino羊多胎性能的BMPR IB基因 ,以及影响Invedale和Hanna羊排卵数的BMP15基因作为候选基因 ,从分子水平上对小尾寒羊的多胎机制进行研究 ,分析突变位点的特性 ,并通过大规模的群体检测统计推断其遗传效应。实验结果表明 :多胎品种小尾寒羊在BMPR IB基因的相应位置上发生了与BooroolaMerino羊相同的突变 (A74 6G) ,该基因的BB基因型在小尾寒羊群体内为优势基因型 ,且小尾寒羊初产和经产母羊的BB基因型比 ++基因型分别多产 0 97羔 (P <0 0 5 )和 1 5羔 (P <0 0 1) ,推测BMPR IB基因与控制小尾寒羊多胎性能的主效基因存在紧密的遗传连锁。而BMP15基因在小尾寒羊中不存在V31D或Q2 3Ter突变 ,说明小尾寒羊的多胎遗传机制与Romney羊不同 ,因此排除了BMP15突变影响小尾寒羊排卵数的可能性。     

用4个微卫星标记分析7个绵羊群体之间的遗传关系

分析了4个微卫星基因座BM143、OarHH35、OarAE101、BMS2508在7个绵羊群体(小尾寒羊、湖羊、乌珠穆沁羊、萨福克羊、多赛特羊、夏洛来羊、多赛特公羊×小尾寒羊母羊F1代杂种羊)286只绵羊中的遗传多态性。结果表明,这4个微卫星标记在7个绵羊群体中的等位基因数分别为9、11、14和9,其多态信息含量/有效等位基因数/杂合度分别为0 7073/3 7231/0 7314、0 8267/6 4399/0 8447、0 5743/2 5178/0 6028、0 6172/3 0712/0 6744,其中OarHH35的遗传变异最大,OarAE101最小。7个绵羊群体中小尾寒羊的遗传变异最大,湖羊的最小。基于Nei氏DA距离和DS标准遗传距离,采用UPGMA方法构建了系统发生树。该发生树将中国地方品种(小尾寒羊、乌珠穆沁羊、湖羊)和法国的夏洛来羊归为一类,将F1杂种羊、英国品种(萨福克羊和多赛特羊)归为另一类。绵羊微卫星基因分型技术为检查品种(群体)之间的遗传关系提供了一个有用的工具。     

小尾寒羊五个微卫星基因座遗传多态性研究

小尾寒羊是我国优良的地方绵羊品种,具有极高的繁殖力,平均每胎产羔2．6只。利用与绵羊高繁殖力主效基因Fec^B和FecX^1连锁的5个微卫星标记（OarAE101,BM1329,BMS2508,TGLA54t TGLA68)对244小尾寒羊母羊进行了遗传检测。用非变性（中性）聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测同卫星的PCR扩增产物,计算了5个同卫星基因座的等位基因频率,多态信息含量,基因纯合度和杂合度。在小尾寒羊中检测到BM1329有6个等位基因,片段大小为160－180bp,164bp等位基因频率最高（0．6320）;检测到OarAE101有9个等位基因,片段大小为97－135bp,97bp等位基因频率最高（0．7930）;检测到TGLA54有5个等位基因,片段大小为116－136bp,134bp等位基因频率最高（0．8500）;检测到TGLA68有2个等位基因,片段大小为98－100bp,2个等位基因频率相近,检测到BMS2508有6个等位基因,片段大小为93－115bp,99bp等位基因频率最高（0．4795）。BM1329,OarAE101,TGLA54,TGLA68,BMS2508的多态信息含量／基因纯合度／杂合度分别为0．4481／0．4840．0．5160,0．3516／0．6375／0．3625,0．2528／0．7326／0．2674,0．3733／0．5034／0．4966,0．5809／0．3581／0．6419。可见BMS2508的遗传变异最大,TGLA54的遗传变异最小。这些结果可为小尾寒羊种质特性研究提供分子基础数据。     

绵羊ESR2基因组织表达及其多态性与产羔数关联分析

为了探究雌激素受体2 (Estrogen receptor 2, ESR2)基因在绵羊各组织的表达及其多态性与产羔数之间的关系,本研究利用半定量PCR和实时荧光定量PCR技术检测ESR2基因在不同繁殖力小尾寒羊群体组织中的相对表达量,同时采用Sequenom MassARRAY誖SNP技术对多羔品种绵羊(小尾寒羊,湖羊,策勒黑羊)和单羔品种绵羊(苏尼特羊,草原型藏羊,滩羊) ESR2基因g.73324006C>T位点进行检测,并与小尾寒羊产羔数进行关联分析。半定量PCR表明,ESR2基因在单、多羔小尾寒羊子宫中高表达,在其它组织中等或低丰度表达;单羔群体、多羔群体间荧光定量PCR表明,ESR2基因在单羔小尾寒羊垂体表达量显著高于多羔小尾寒羊(p<0.05);群体遗传学分析表明,g.73324006C>T在小尾寒羊群体中表现为低度多态(PIC<0.25),在滩羊群体中处于中度多态(0.25T在小尾寒羊群体处于哈代温伯格平衡状态(p>0.05);关联分析表明,g.73324006C>T位点多态性与小尾寒羊第一胎、第二胎、第三胎产羔数及平均产羔数均显著关联(p<0.05),CC型各胎产羔数均高于TC型。与FecB (A746G)基因组合后发现,GG-CC和AG-CC基因型母羊产羔数显著高于AA-TC、AA-CC、AG-TC基因型组合(p<0.05)。综上,ESR2与小尾寒羊产羔数密切相关,g.73324006C>T可作为绵羊产羔性状选育的潜在分子标记。     

绵羊X染色体59571364与59912586位点在脂尾、瘦尾绵羊群体中的多态性检测及分析

为了探讨绵羊X染色体上两处SNP(59571364和59912586)与绵羊尾脂沉积性状的关系, 继而为利用分子标记辅助选择育种技术培育低脂绵羊品种提供依据, 文章以尾型极端差异的阿勒泰羊、湖羊、中国美利奴细毛羊以及萨福克羊为研究对象, 利用PCR-RFLP检测两位点在群体中的多态性, 并分析了两个SNP位点在阿勒泰羊群体中的单倍型。结果表明：59571364位点的TT基因型和59912586位点的GG基因型在瘦尾中国美利奴与萨福克羊群体中属于优势基因型, 而两种基因型在脂尾(臀)阿勒泰羊与湖羊群体中比率均不足2%; 两位点在阿勒泰羊群体中的单倍型分析结果显示, CA单倍型为主单倍型, 比率高达55%, CA与TA两单倍型约占88.33%。以上结果提示, 绵羊X染色体59571364与59912586位点在脂尾(臀)与瘦尾绵羊群体中分布存在较大差异, 可作为理想的分子标记应用于高、低脂绵羊品种选育。     

11个绵羊品种MSTN基因非翻译区的变异

利用PCR-RFLP技术对特克塞尔羊、夏洛莱羊、小尾寒羊、蒙古羊、乌珠穆沁羊、阿勒泰羊、呼伦贝尔羊、塔什库尔干羊、多浪羊、湖羊和岗巴羊11个品种的345个个体的肌肉生长抑制素(Myostatin, MSTN)基因非翻译区(UTR)的变异进行了多态性分析。结果表明大小为271 bp和1 003 bp的扩增片段经限制性内切酶MboⅡ和BsaⅠ酶切后表现多态, 经卡方检验所有品种在该基因座位均处于平衡状态(P>0.05), 3种基因型在11个绵羊品种中的分布差异极显著(P<0.01)。通过限制性内切酶HpyCH4Ⅳ 酶切实验, 证明我国9个地方绵羊品种不存在特克塞尔绵羊中发现的导致肌肉发达的SNP位点, 并在3′UTR区发现了个别碱基突变位点能够形成miRNA作用的靶基序, 测序表明3′UTR区的突变频率较高。     

Prolactin receptor as a candidate gene for prolificacy of small tail han sheep

DNA polymorphism of the ovine prolactin receptor gene (PRLR) was investigated and used to study its effect on litter size in sheep. By means of PRLR gene sequence homology between sheep and human, three primer pairs were designed for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification within intron 1 and exon 10 of the PRLR gene in sheep. In these parts of the gene the single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) in 314 Small Tail Han ewes. These poly-morphisms were used to study the associations with litter size. The results indicated that there were three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) detected by three primer pairs. For three primer pairs the frequency of allele A was 0.96, 0.79, 0.68; and the frequency of allele B was 0.04, 0.21, 0.32, respectively. The frequency of genotype AA was 0.93, 0.62, 0.51; the frequency of genotype AB was 0.06, 0.34, 0.34; the frequency of genotype BB was 0.01, 0.04, 0.15, respectively. The Small Tail Han ewes with genotype BB or AB had 0.64-0.76 or 0.44-0.54 more lambs than those with genotype AA, respectively. These results preliminarily showed that the prolactin receptor locus is either a major gene that influences the prolificacy in Small Tail Han sheep or is in close linkage with such a gene.     

Prolactin Receptor as a Candidate Gene for Prolificacy of Small Tail Han Sheep

DNA polymorphism of the ovine prolactin receptor gene (PRLR) was investigated and used to study its effect on litter size in sheep. By means of PRLR gene sequence homology between sheep and human, three primer pairs were designed for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification within intron 1 and exon 10 of the PRLR gene in sheep. In these parts of the gene the single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) in 314 Small Tail Han ewes. These poly-morphisms were used to study the associations with litter size. The results indicated that there were three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) detected by three primer pairs. For three primer pairs the frequency of allele A was 0.96, 0.79, 0.68; and the frequency of allele B was 0.04, 0.21, 0.32, respectively. The frequency of genotype AA was 0.93, 0.62, 0.51; the frequency of genotype AB was 0.06, 0.34, 0.34; the frequency of genotype BB was 0.01, 0.04, 0.15, respectively. The Small Tail Han ewes with genotype BB or AB had 0.64–0.76 or 0.44–0.54 more lambs than those with genotype AA, respectively. These results preliminarily showed that the prolactin receptor locus is either a major gene that influences the prolificacy in Small Tail Han sheep or is in close linkage with such a gene.     

绵羊产羔性状主效基因检测研究

以绵羊BMP15基因和BMPR-IB基因为候选基因,以湖羊、中国美利奴单胎品系、中国美利奴肉用和毛用多胎品系为研究对象,采用PCR-RFLP方法对候选基因进行单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点检测和基因型分析,同时研究基因对绵羊产羔数的影响。对BMP15基因进行SNP检测,结果未发现多态性位点;对BMPR-IB基因进行多态性检测,结果发现了一个A746 G SNP位点。依据A746 G SNP位点进行基因型分析,结果在各品种（系）羊中发现了3种基因型,即BB、B+和++。等位基因型频率在各品种（系）间差异极显著（P<0.001）,在湖羊中以BB基因型为主,在中国美利奴单胎品系中以++基因型为主, 而在中国美利奴肉用和毛用多胎品系中以B+基因型为主。BMPR-IB A746G位点的变异明显影响绵羊的产羔数,与++基因型母羊相比, BB和B+基因型母羊产羔数明显较多。研究结果同时表明,利用BMPR-IB基因型可以很好的预测母羊的产羔数。研究获得的这些结果强烈表明BMPR-IB为影响绵羊的产羔数的主效基因,可以用于对绵羊产羔数的选择。Abstract: The current study was designed to detect SNPs within BMP15 and BMPR-IB gene and investigate the effect of the genes on sheep litter size. Four sheep lines, HU-Yang, Chinese M erino monotocous, Chinese Merino multiparous for wool production and Chinese Merino multiparous for mutton production, were used in this study. Litter sizes were recorded for each ewe in the four lines. Primers for BMP15 and BMPR-IB gene were designed from database sheep sequence and polymorphisms were detected by PCR-RFLP method. The results showed that there was no polymorphism with BMP15 gene among the four lines, and there was an A / G SNP with BMPR-IB gene at base 746 among the four lines. Three types of genotype (BB, B+ and ++), based on A / G locus, were found within each line. The frequencies of genotypes were significantly different among the lines (P<0.001), with BB genotype primarily existing in HU-Yang, ++ genotype in Chinese Merino monotocous line, and B+ genotype in Chinnese Merino multiparous lines. The A / G mutation influence significantly the sheep litter sizes, and the BB and B+ ewes had significant higher litter sizes than ++ ewes. The results of present study showed simultaneously that the genotype of BMPR-IB was a perfect predictor of the sheep litter sizes. These results intensively indicated that BMPR-IB is a major gene to affect litter size in sheep, and could be used as the molecular genetic marker to select litter size in sheep.     

绵羊X染色体59383635位点多态性与脂尾性状的相关性分析

脂尾(臀)性状是绵羊逆境生存的必要性状, 其脂肪在尾臀部大量沉积的遗传特性与分子机制仍不明晰。为此, 文章以筛选的X染色体59383635位点SNP为候选分子标记, 利用PCR-SSCP技术检测该位点在我国尾型极端差异的阿勒泰羊、小尾寒羊、湖羊、中国美利奴细毛羊以及引入品种萨福克羊群体中的多态性, 并采用模型分析其与尾(臀)性状的相关性。结果表明, X染色体59383635位点T等位基因高频出现在表型分值较高的阿勒泰群体中, 而C等位基因则在瘦尾型绵羊品种中高频出现; 等位基因频率T/C的比值与尾臀表型分值相关性模型表明T/C比值随着尾臀表型分值增加呈指数倍增长。以上结果提示, 绵羊X染色体59383635位点多态性在脂尾(臀)与瘦尾绵羊群体中分布存在较大差异, 该SNP可作为一个理想的分子标记应用于高、低脂绵羊品种选育, 但其生物功能仍有待进一步深入研究。     

甘肃肉羊新品种选育群GDF9基因外显子2多态性及其与产羔性状关联分析

根据GenBank发布的绵羊GDF9基因外显子2的序列设计4对引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术分析GDF9基因外显子2在甘肃内羊新品种选育群羊中的单核苷酸多态性,并与产羔性状进行关联分析.结果表明,GDF9基因的扩增片段在所检测的新品种群羊中存在PCR-SSCP多态性,检测到3种基因型(AA、AB和BB),而在32只无角陶赛特母羊群中只检测到AA和AB基因型.测序结果显示,GDF9基因编码区第978位碱基发生A→G突变,但没有导致氨基酸的改变;第994位碱基发生G→A突变,导致Ⅴ变成Ⅰ(缬氨酸→异亮氨酸).新品种选育群羊产羔数的最小二乘均值关系为AB＞ AA＞ BB,统计分析结果初步表明3种基因型之间差异不显著(P＞0.05).故该区域可能不是影响新品种群羊繁殖力的功能结构区城.     

Association between PCR-SSCP of bone morphogenetic protein 15 gene and prolificacy in Jining Grey goats

The Jining Grey is a prolific local goat breed in P.R. China. Bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) gene that controls high fecundity of Inverdale, Hanna, Lacaune, Belclare, Cambridge, and Small Tailed Han ewes was studied as a candidate gene for the prolificacy of Jining Grey goats. According to the sequence of ovine BMP15 gene, six pairs of primers were designed to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms in exon 1 and exon 2 of the BMP15 gene in both high fecundity breed (Jining Grey goats) and low fecundity breeds (Boer, Liaoning Cashmere, and Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats) by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Two pairs of primers (F1/R1 and F2/R2) were used to amplify the exon 1. Four pairs of primers (F3/R3, F4/R4, F5/R5, and F6/R6) were used to amplify the exon 2. Only the products amplified by primer F5/R5 displayed polymorphism. Results indicated that two genotypes (AA and AB) were detected in prolific Jining Grey goats and only one genotype (AA) was detected in low fecundity goat breeds. In Jining Grey goats frequencies of genotypes AA and AB were 0.10 and 0.90, respectively. Sequencing revealed two point mutations (G963A and G1050C) of BMP15 gene in the AB genotype in comparison to the AA genotype. In Jining Grey goats the heterozygous AB does had 1.13 (p < 0.01) kids more than the homozygous AA does. These results preliminarily showed that the BMP15 gene is either a major gene that influences the prolificacy of Jining Grey goats or a molecular genetic marker in close linkage with such a gene.