氮离子束注入对燕麦M1-M2代幼苗耐盐性的影响

采用能量为25keV的不同剂量(4×1016N /cm2、6×1016N /cm2、8×1016N /cm2、12×1016N /cm2)N 注入燕麦种胚,研究N 离子束注入后,盐胁迫对燕麦M1和M2代幼苗体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,脯氨酸含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白含量的影响。实验结果表明:对M1代,以6×1016N /cm2剂量处理燕麦较合适,能提高燕麦受盐胁迫影响后幼苗SOD活性和可溶性糖含量。而对M2代,4×1016N /cm2处理剂量能降低MDA含量,提高可溶性糖含量,这都有利于盐胁迫后燕麦幼苗的生长。     

低能离子注入对小麦种子发芽及幼苗生理生化的影响

采用能量为25keV的N 不同剂量(2×1016 N /cm2、4×1016 N /cm2、6×1016 N /cm2、8×1016 N /cm2、12×1016 N /cm2)注入新疆小麦种子,研究了N 离子束注入新疆春小麦种子后对小麦种子的发芽率、幼苗体内的丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、叶绿素、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的影响。实验结果表明:以2×1016 N /cm2 剂量处理小麦较合适,可提高小麦种子的活力,促进种子萌发和幼苗生长。2×1016 N /cm2、4×1016 N /cm2 剂量处理对新春2号、新春11号幼苗生长有利,在这两种剂量处理下新春2号三种保护酶较新春11号敏感。     

低能离子注入短命植物多伞阿魏(Ferula ferulaeoides)抗性生理特征

以能量30 keV、不同剂量N 离子注入多伞阿魏(Ferula ferulaeoides)种子用以研究多伞阿魏抗性生理指标的变化,以期为保护短命植物多伞阿魏提供理论依据.试验结果表明:随离子注入剂量增大,多伞阿魏种子发芽率和发芽指数逐渐下降;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性增加、过氧化物酶(POD)、和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性逐渐升高.剂量过大时,SOD、POD和CAT活性下降;游离脯氨酸含量逐渐降低,但在6×1016N /cm2剂量时含量升高;可溶性蛋白质含量先升高再降低,6×1016 N / cm2剂量时为最高值.通过对发芽率、发芽指数的结果进行方差分析,得出低剂量N 离子注入可破除多伞阿魏种子休眠,促进种子萌发;适当剂量N 离子注入可激活保护酶、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白的表达.     

N+离子注入对大豆种子活力及其幼苗的抗氧化酶活性影响

本文研究了用25keV N+注入丰豆103的种子后,N+离子对其种子的活力及子叶伸展后48小时和96小时的幼苗内蛋白质含量、谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶(GSH-Ts)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ASA-POD)活性的影响.结果表明当N+注量在2.6×1016N+/cm2～5.2×1016N+/cm2时,种子的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数都明显提高;幼苗的可溶性蛋白含量高于对照.在6.5×1016N+/cm2～10.4×1016N+/cm2注量时,幼苗的可溶性蛋白含量低于对照,96小时幼苗可溶性蛋白的含量高于48小时,说明辐射引起的损伤可随生长时间的增加而有所恢复.高注量可引起幼苗内一些抗氧化酶活性的升高,且随注量的增加酶的活性升高也越明显,96小时幼苗的GSH-Px和ASA-POD活性高于48小时幼苗,GSH-Ts活性略有下降.而低注量(1.3×1016N+/cm2～5.2×1016N+/cm2)的上述酶指标升幅不大.说明经N+离子处理后可通过诱导这些抗氧化酶活性的升高起到减轻伤害的作用.     

氮离子束注入对小麦苗期耐盐性的影响

采用能量为25keV的不同剂量的N 注入新疆春小麦种胚后,研究盐胁迫对小麦幼苗体内生理生化指标的影响。结果表明,在6×1016N /cm2剂量注入新春11号时,盐胁迫后小麦幼苗的SOD活性、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量均增加,幼苗生长良好,说明该剂量处理新春11号有利盐胁迫下小麦幼苗的生长。     

氮离子注入彩棉种子引起M1代的变化

不同剂量低能氮离子注入彩色棉种子,发芽率随剂量增大呈现出马鞍形曲线;对M1代主要经济性状测定,铃重、衣分、马克隆值有明显变异,在12×1016 N+/cm2剂量下改良效果较好,但离子注入对纤维长度和纤维强度以负影响为主;处理组POD酶和CAT酶活性都较对照组增高.     

低能N+离子束注入对不同染色体组倍性水稻幼苗期生理特性的影响

以2份水稻二倍体及其相应的同源四倍体为试验材料,采用3种不同剂量的低能N+离子束对其种胚进行注入处理,对其出芽率、成苗率以及幼苗期5种主要生理指标:超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)和可溶性糖进行初步测定。结果表明:随着辐射剂量的增加,试验材料的出芽率和成苗率均呈下降趋势,在最高剂量处理条件下(5.0×1017N+/cm2)试验材料的出芽率、成苗率与对照相比差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。二倍体材料幼苗SOD、POD、CAT的活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势,并在3.0×1017N+/cm2的剂量下达到最高,而四倍体材料幼苗SOD、POD、CAT的活性则呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势,并在1.0×1017N+/cm2的剂量下达到最高。二倍体材料幼苗MDA含量的变化呈先下降再上升的趋势;四倍体材料幼苗MDA含量的变化呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势。两种染色体组倍性水稻材料中可溶性糖含量在各处理组间差异不是特别显著,但均低于空白对照组。由此可见,不同剂量的低能N+离子束会对试验材料的出芽率、成苗率以及幼苗期的主要生理特性产生显著的影响,且不同染色体组倍性材料间也存在一定的差异。     

低能氩离子注入对甜瓜幼苗抗氧化系统的影响

就低能氩离子注入对甜瓜幼苗抗氧化系统的影响进行研究,使用不同剂量的离子注入甜瓜种子,结果表明,不同剂量离子注入后伽师瓜、皇后品种的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)分别在5×1016Ar /cm2、4×1016Ar /cm2剂量时酶活性最大,之后下降。抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ASP)的活性的变化趋势与超氧化物歧化酶相似,分别在6×1016Ar /cm2、4×1016Ar /cm2剂量时酶活性最大。抗坏血酸和类黄酮的含量都有不同程度的上升,说明离子注入能诱导甜瓜幼苗抗氧化系统的生物合成。     

离子注入对多伞阿魏幼苗生理生化指标的影响

目的：研究低能氮离子注入对多伞阿魏幼苗生理生化指标的影响。方法：以能量30keV、不同剂量N＋离子注入多伞阿魏种子,研究分析不同剂量组多伞阿魏幼苗超氧化物歧化酶（SoD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性变化,以及游离脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白质含量变化。结果：随离子注入剂量增大SOD活性增加、POD和CAT活性逐渐升高,剂量过大时,SOD、POD和CAT活性下降;游离脯氨酸含量逐渐降低,但在6&#215;10^16N＋／c秆剂量时含量升高;可溶性蛋白质含量先升高再降低,6&#215;10^16N＋,c秆剂量时为最高值。结论：适当剂量N＋离子注入可激活保护酶酶活性并促使脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量升高。     

N+离子注入对干旱胁迫条件下甘草幼苗的SOD酶和CAT酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响

以低能氮离子束为诱变源,对甘草种进行注入处理后,以萌发的幼苗为材料对其在干旱胁迫条件下保护酶活性及MDA含量变化进行研究.结果表明注入后甘草种的存活率呈现马鞍形曲线变化,其中在4.1×1016N+/cm2剂量处达到鞍点,在剂量4.6×1016N+/cm2处存活率高于对照.在干旱胁迫下,随着胁迫时间的延长,离子束注入后萌发的幼苗MDA含量明显低于对照.酶活结果显示,在干旱胁迫后期,剂量4.6×1016N+/cm2处理后的甘草幼苗SOD和CAT酶活性都高于对照,说明该注入剂量处理甘草种有助于提高甘草幼苗的抗旱性能,SOD同工酶结果也证明该剂量的离子注入对干旱胁迫下同工酶谱带有所影响.     

菌紫质的Ser和Lys残基修饰对BR结构和功能的影响

用化学修饰研究了菌紫质（ＢＲ）的结构和功能的变化。用氮氧自由基分别对赖氨酸和丝氨酸进行修饰,研究结果表明在圆二色谱上（ＣＤ谱）,与天然紫膜样品比较,两种自由基分别修饰赖氨酸（Ｌｙｓ）和丝氨酸（Ｓｅｒ）残基２４小时后的ＣＤ谱中均只有负峰,分别在５９６ｎｍ和６０２ｎｍ,５３５ｎｍ的正峰已消失,７２小时后５３５ｎｍ的正峰部分地恢复,但１２０小时后均未见进一步恢复。与未修饰的紫膜相比,两种自由基修饰的紫膜在Ｒａｍａｎ光谱上观察到中间体Ｍ４１２的相对量要明显增加。本文对这二种化学修饰引起的ＢＲ结构和功能变化进行了初步讨论。     

Regeneration of intergeneric somatic hybrids by protoplast fusion between Onobrychis viciaefolia and Medicago sativa

Protoplast fusion was induced between sainfoin and alfalfa by an improved polyethyleneglycol (PEG) method. The intergeneric somatic calluses were selected based on complementation of hydroxyproline-resistance of sainfoin and hormone autonomy growth of alfalfa transformation cell line. 17 somatic hybrid plantlets were regenerat-ed. PEG could induce the tight agglutination of protoplasts. During diluting and washing process, cyclization of the linked membrane and formation of vesicle-like structures were observed, resulting in protoplast fusion. 5%-10% glycerol supplemented in the fusion inducing solution markedly increased the frequency of heterogeneous fusion. Better fusion results were obtained when mixed protoplast suspension was dripped in petri dishes in which PEG solution was previously placed. Chromosome number of regenerated hybrid buds varied from 30 to 60. The genome of hybrids in-cluded the small chromosome from sainfoin and two chromosomes with two clear constrictions from alfalfa. The hybrid     

Exercise-induced hormone responses in girls at different stages of sexual maturation

The dependence of exercise-induced hormone responses on sexual maturation was tested in a 3-year longitudinal experiment on 34 girls (aged 11–12 years at the beginning). Sexual maturation was evaluated by Tanners five-stage scale. Children cycled for 20-min at 60% maximal oxygen uptake once a year. Cortisol, insulin, growth hormone, β-oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone concentrations in venous blood were determined by radioimmunoassay procedures. Basal concentrations of growth hormone increased and of cortisol decreased when breast stage III was reached. Reaching breast stage IV was associated with an increase in basal concentrations of β-oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone. The exercise induced significant increases in concentrations of cortisol, growth hormone and β-oestradiol and a decrease in insulin concentration. At breast stage III the increase in cortisol concentration was to a lower level [467 (SEM 42) vs 567 (SEM 46)nmol · l⁻¹] and growth hormone concentration to a higher level [29.4 (SEM 0.5) vs 12.8 (SEM 0.4)ng · ml⁻¹], while the fall in insulin concentration was less pronounced [postexercise level 10.6 (SEM 0.9) vs 7.8 (SEM 0.8)mU · l⁻¹] than in stage II. The magnitude of the cortisol response was reduced in the last stage of breast development (+42.1% vs +55.5% at stage II, +66.2% at stage III, and +50.0% at stage IV). The magnitude of β-oestradiol response was the lowest in breast stage IV (+15.8%) and the highest at stage V (+41.1%). The progesterone response became significant at stage IV and testosterone response at stage V. In conclusion, we found that reaching breast stage III was associated with altered responses of cortisol, insulin and growth hormone concentrations while the responses of the sex hormone concentrations became pronounced in the last stages of sexual maturation. Accepted: 17 September 1997     

Rethinking the deserving body: altruism,markets, and political action in health care provision

Abstract

I seek to understand two dimensions in the evolution and practices of medical institutions in the USA. First, I ask, how and why do medical organizations limit, suspend, or redirect profit-oriented functions to abide by principles of altruism and still survive in a competitive market economy? Reaching out to poor and immigrant populations entails non-economic factors, including the deployment of religious and humanitarian narratives. Conversely, the extent and character of legislative actions supporting philanthropic endeavours is closely related to mobilization at the grassroots level. I investigate the ways in which community organizations bring about changes to support practices that confound, at least to some extent, market expectations and underscore the significance of political action to secure health care services on behalf of low-income populations, including immigrants.     

关于苏北地区某三甲医院进口与国产医疗设备和耗材使用情况及反馈的研究．

目的：初步了解了进口与国产医疗设备与耗材的发展状况和使用反馈情况,并对国内医疗设备与耗材行业的发展提供合理化建议。方法：通过对苏北地区某三级甲等医院设备科工作人员、医生、护士长、患者及患者家属进行调研或访谈,并以调研和访谈的统计结果为依据得出结论并提出建议。结果：技术成熟的中小型医疗设备或耗材,从质量、价格等因素综合考虑,国内产品优于进口产品,一定程度上得到了医务人员和消费者的认可。在高端大中型医疗设备与耗材方面,进口产品具有较大的技术优势。结论：国内医疗设备生产企业应当积极开展研发工作,提高产品的技术含量与质量,巩固自身在中小型医疗设备与耗材方面的优势,并努力在高端大中型医疗设备与耗材方面取得突破。     

关于苏北地区某三甲医院进口与国产医疗设备和耗材使用情况

目的:初步了解了进口与国产医疗设备与耗材的发展状况和使用反馈情况,并对国内医疗设备与耗材行业的发展提供合理化建议。方法:通过对苏北地区某三级甲等医院设备科工作人员、医生、护士长、患者及患者家属进行调研或访谈,并以调研和访谈的统计结果为依据得出结论并提出建议。结果:技术成熟的中小型医疗设备或耗材,从质量、价格等因素综合考虑,国内产品优于进口产品,一定程度上得到了医务人员和消费者的认可。在高端大中型医疗设备与耗材方面,进口产品具有较大的技术优势。结论:国内医疗设备生产企业应当积极开展研发工作,提高产品的技术含量与质量,巩固自身在中小型医疗设备与耗材方面的优势,并努力在高端大中型医疗设备与耗材方面取得突破。     

Hiatal surfaces from the Miocene Globigerina Limestone Formation of Malta: Biostratigraphy, sedimentology, trace fossils and early diagenesis

The Miocene Globigerina Limestone of the Maltese islands contains widespread omission surfaces with very different characteristics and origins.The terminal Lower Globigerina Limestone hardground (TLGLHg) formed during a period of falling sea level. Coccolith assemblages suggest shallowness. Sedimentary structures and trace fossil assemblages, indicate increasing frequency of storm events and erosional episodes, towards the surface. Calcite cementation which took place around Thalassinoides burrows and formed irregular nodules was followed by dissolution of aragonite. It is suggested that lithification was linked to microbial reactions involving organic matter.In contrast two later surfaces, the terminal Middle Globigerina Limestone omissionground (TMGLOg), which marks the Lower to Middle Miocene boundary, and the Fomm-ir-Rih local hardground (FiRLHg) both contain early diagenetic dolomite. Lithification took place in two phases. The dolomite is interpreted to have formed beneath the sea floor; it was subsequently exhumed and partially corroded as the precipitation of calcitic and phosphatic cements took place around burrows open to the circulation of sea water.     

Comparative study of major lipid constituents in human and monkey aorta

The contents of total lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid in intima and media of thoracic and abdominal segments of aorta from normal human subjects and rhesus monkeys were determined. An increase in total lipids in intima as compared to that of media was noted in both species. A comparison of lipid contents of thoracic and abdominal segments from both species revealed that abdominal segment contained significantly greater lipid. Further, human thoracic and abdominal aortic intima and media had higher content of cholesterol as compared to that of monkey aorta. The differences in lipid profile in aorta of these two species have been highlighted to provide a clue with respect to the differences in the prevalence and morphology of atherosclerosis as seen in monkey and man.