基于蛋白质结构预测的胰岛素样生长因子-1的制备及活性分析北大核心CSCD

为了更经济高效地制备胰岛素样生长因子-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1),本研究采用计算机模拟技术对3种IGF-1融合蛋白进行蛋白质结构预测与分子对接,筛选出酶切最适配的IGF-1融合蛋白表达形式。利用基因工程技术构建并鉴定了IGF-1融合蛋白原核表达载体,并转化大肠杆菌Origami B(DE3)菌株,获得重组子;经异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, IPTG)诱导表达后,对菌体的破菌上清进行亲和层析、脱盐、凝血酶酶切及酶切产物亲和层析纯化得到目的蛋白;通过3T3细胞增殖法建立活性评价体系并对获得的IGF-1进行活性测定。结果显示,构建的IGF-1融合蛋白原核表达载体序列正确,获得的重组子在25℃、0.05 mmol/L IPTG诱导16 h时融合蛋白为可溶性表达,经初步纯化、凝血酶酶切、再次纯化后可获得纯度大于90%的IGF-1目的蛋白,在建立的活性评价体系下测得制备的IGF-1比活为2.47×10^(5)U/mg,与市售标准品接近。本研究建立了一条用于制备IGF-1的完整工艺路线,为IGF-1药物的研制及工业化生产奠定基础。     

共转化大肠杆菌hemA和hemL基因增强小麦过氧化物酶WP1在原核系统中的功能性表达

小麦种子过氧化物酶WP1属于含血红素的植物Ⅲ型过氧化物酶,该酶不仅具有抗真菌活性,而且影响面粉加工品质。为提高WP1在大肠杆菌中的功能性表达,构建了用于提高大肠杆菌内源血红素合成,包含hemA和hemL基因的重组质粒pACYC-A-L,将其分别与包含WP1基因的分泌型和非分泌型表达载体pMAL-p4x-WP1与pET21a-MBP-WP1共同转化大肠杆菌T7 Express菌株;利用直链淀粉(Amylose)亲和层析柱纯化获得MBP-WP1融合蛋白,并以2,2’-联氮-二(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)为底物检测重组WP1的催化能力。结果表明,含pACYC-A-L的宿主菌28℃诱导12 h后,培养液中5-氨基乙酰丙酸(5-ALA)含量可达146.73 mg/L,卟啉类物质含量也显著上升。共转化pACYC-A-L和pMAL-p4x-WP1比单独转化pET21a-MBP-WP1获得的重组WP1的比活力提高14.6倍。该研究不仅成功地增强了小麦WP1在大肠杆菌中的功能性表达,同时为其他具有重要生物学功能并含血红素辅基蛋白的功能性表达提供了有益参考。     

拟南芥Antiquitin基因的原核表达和生物信息学分析

将拟南芥Antiquitin基因重组到原核表达载体pMAL-c4x和pET41中,在T7 Express菌株中诱导表达,经Amylose和Ni-NTA亲和层析柱纯化获得重组蛋白.SDS-PAGE结果表明:MBP和His-tag融合的拟南芥Antiquitin主要以可溶性形式存在,表达量分别占细胞总蛋白的25.1%和39.4%.以乙醛和NAD~+为底物测定融合蛋白活性,结果显示:His-tag融合的Antiquitin具有醛脱氢酶活性,比活力为8.98 U/mg,乙醛的表观K_m和V_(max)值分别为0.98 mmol/L和12.75 U/mg.序列比对和结构预测结果显示:拟南芥Antiquitin包含该家族蛋白典型的催化结构域、NADH结合结构域和寡聚化结构域,活性中心残基为Gly238、Gly291、Glu391、Phe393.     

人α防御素5在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达与纯化研究

采用PCR扩增大肠杆菌偏好的人α防御素5成熟肽(mHD-5)密码子序列, 并将其克隆至pMAL-p2x质粒, 构建pMAL-p2x-mHD-5表达载体, 转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3), 诱导表达, SDS-PAGE分析目的蛋白表达量并优化表达条件。经亲和层析、酶切和离子交换层析等方法分离、纯化重组mHD-5(rmHD-5)多肽。采用浊度法测定rmHD-5对细菌的抑制活性。通过优化表达条件, 获得约30%的可溶性目的蛋白表达量, 并成功纯化rmHD-5。rmHD-5对大肠杆菌标准菌株(ATCC25922)具有较强的抑制活性, 在终浓度为62.5mg/mL时, 90%以上的细胞被抑制。结果表明采用可溶性融合表达策略, 在原核表达系统中诱导表达并纯化具有生物活性的防御素是可行的途径之一。     

人α防御素5在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达与纯化研究

采用PCR扩增大肠杆菌偏好的人α防御素5成熟肽(mHD-5)密码子序列, 并将其克隆至pMAL-p2x质粒, 构建pMAL-p2x-mHD-5表达载体, 转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3), 诱导表达, SDS-PAGE分析目的蛋白表达量并优化表达条件。经亲和层析、酶切和离子交换层析等方法分离、纯化重组mHD-5(rmHD-5)多肽。采用浊度法测定rmHD-5对细菌的抑制活性。通过优化表达条件, 获得约30%的可溶性目的蛋白表达量, 并成功纯化rmHD-5。rmHD-5对大肠杆菌标准菌株(ATCC25922)具有较强的抑制活性, 在终浓度为62.5mg/mL时, 90%以上的细胞被抑制。结果表明采用可溶性融合表达策略, 在原核表达系统中诱导表达并纯化具有生物活性的防御素是可行的途径之一。     

SUMO蛋白酶Ulp1的高效表达纯化并通过His-SUMO标签制备scFv

SUMO蛋白酶(Ulp1)是切割小分子泛素修饰(SUMO)融合蛋白获得天然N端靶蛋白的一种工具酶,具有酶切效率高、特异性好等优点。但现有市售SUMO蛋白酶Ulp1价格昂贵、操作复杂,限制了SUMO融合体系的运用。利用基因工程技术,合成基因ulp1(Leu403-Lys621),并在N端和C端加入多聚组氨酸标签(His_6),构建重组表达载体psv T7-ulp1,将重组质粒转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)和BL21 trx B(DE3)中。经过高通量筛选技术快速确定最优的表达条件为采用BL21(DE3)作为表达宿主,转接后7h加入IPTG,IPTG的终浓度为0.1mmol/L,诱导时间为16h,最终蛋白质表达量占菌体总蛋白质量的34.5%,重组蛋白Ulp1的表达量为190mg/L,通过Ni-NTA一步纯化即可得到纯度95%以上的Ulp1。通过酶切反应,测定酶活为5.19U/μl,比酶活为5.23×10~4U/mg,是先前报道比酶活的1.87倍,通过酶活动力学分析,Ulp1的表观米氏常数K_m=0.359g/L,V_m=5.10μg/(ml·min)。将SUMO融合表达体系用于单链抗体(single-chain antibody fragment,scFv)的表达,得到可溶的SUMO-scFv融合蛋白,使用表达的Ulp1进行酶切并纯化,获得纯度高于90%且N端不含多余氨基酸的scFv,操作步骤简单,显著改善了scFv在大肠杆菌中难以高效可溶性表达纯化的现状。     

产碱性木聚糖酶菌株的筛选及酶学性质

从青海盐碱湖土壤中筛选到25株产碱性木聚糖酶的菌株, 其中编号为QH14的菌株产酶量达648.79 U/mL, 纯化后比活可达1148.56 U/mg。16 SrDNA鉴定表明菌株QH14属于短小芽孢杆菌, 命名为Bacillus sp. QH14。从该菌株的基因组中克隆获得了碱性木聚糖酶编码基因XynQH14, 并在大肠杆菌E.coliBL21(DE3)中获得重组表达。通过Ni-NTA亲和层析分离纯化后的重组QH14木聚糖酶比活达700.47 U/mg。该碱性木聚糖酶的酶促反应最适温度为60℃, 最适pH为9.2; 55℃处理1h仍保持50%的活力; 在pH7.0~11条件下37℃处理酶液24 h后均保持80%以上的活力, 且在pH11缓冲溶液中50℃处理24 h仍保持31.02%的酶活, 显示了该碱性木聚糖酶较好的热稳定性和碱稳定, 提示该碱性木聚糖酶在制浆造纸、纺织等行业的应用潜力。     

产碱性木聚糖酶菌株的筛选及酶学性质

从青海盐碱湖土壤中筛选到25株产碱性木聚糖酶的菌株,其中编号为QH14的菌株产酶量达648.79U/mL,纯化后比活可达1148.56 U/mg。16 SrDNA鉴定表明菌株QH14属于短小芽孢杆菌,命名为Bacillus sp.QH14。从该菌株的基因组中克隆获得了碱性木聚糖酶编码基因XynQH14,并在大肠杆菌E.coliBL21(DE3)中获得重组表达。通过Ni-NTA亲和层析分离纯化后的重组QH14木聚糖酶比活达700.47 U/mg。该碱性木聚糖酶的酶促反应最适温度为60℃,最适pH为9.2;55℃处理1h仍保持50%的活力;在pH7.0~11条件下37℃处理酶液24 h后均保持80%以上的活力,且在pH11缓冲溶液中50℃处理24 h仍保持31.02%的酶活,显示了该碱性木聚糖酶较好的热稳定性和碱稳定,提示该碱性木聚糖酶在制浆造纸、纺织等行业的应用潜力。     

幽门螺旋杆菌重组尿素酶B亚基的纯化及其免疫学性质的研究

目的:幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)尿素酶是Hp重要的定制因子和致病因子,Hp尿素酶活性位点位于Hp尿素酶B亚基(UreB),研发基于UreB的Hp疫苗是一种很有前景的防治Hp感染的策略。方法:主要利用基因克隆技术从幽门螺旋杆菌标准菌株SS1(Hp SS1)获得Hp尿素酶B亚基基因,并构建含有重组Hp尿素酶B亚基(rUreB)基因的重组表达载体pET-rUreB及其重组菌株;重组菌株经蛋白表达和优化后,利用Ni-NTP镍离子亲和层析和DEAE Sepharose FF阴离子交换层析纯化重组尿素酶B亚基(rUreB),并进一步通过腹腔注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,研究rUreB的免疫学性质。结果:通过基因克隆技术成功获得了Hp尿素酶B亚基基因,并成功构建了重组表达载体pET-rUreB及其重组菌株BL21(DE3)/pET-rUreB,经蛋白表达优化及纯化,可获得高纯度(96.5%)的重组蛋白rUreB。重组蛋白rUreB辅以弗氏佐剂腹腔注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,经间接ELISA鉴定小鼠能够产生针对天然Hp尿素酶和UreB的高滴度特异性抗体,且能够显著性抑制Hp尿素酶的活性。结论:重组Hp尿素酶B亚基能够在大肠杆菌表达系统中获得较高水平的表达,具有较高的免疫学特异性,其抗体能够有效抑制Hp尿素酶活性。为研究基于尿素酶的防治Hp感染的Hp疫苗奠定了一定的实验基础。     

人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶在大肠杆菌中的融合表达与纯化

目的:在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(HuSOD1)。方法:合成HuSOD1编码基因,PCR扩增后连入pMAL-p5x质粒构建融合表达载体,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态,IPTG诱导表达,NBT法测定HuSOD1酶活,利用麦芽糖结合蛋白亲和层析柱纯化MBP-HuSOD1融合蛋白,经因子Ⅹa酶切及分子筛柱层析纯化HuSOD1蛋白。结果:构建了pMAL-p5x-HuSOD1表达载体,在大肠杆菌中实现了高表达,目的蛋白占全菌蛋白的30%,其中可溶性表达占63%,具有超氧化物歧化酶活性;通过亲和层析纯化得到纯度大于95%的融合蛋白MBP-HuSOD1,经因子Ⅹa酶切后纯化得到纯度约90%的HuSOD1蛋白。结论:在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化获得有活性的MBP-HuSOD1,经进一步酶切、纯化后得到HuSOD1。     

Secretory expression of thermostable T1 lipase through bacteriocin release protein

The extracellular production of T1 lipase was performed by co-expression of pJL3 vector encoding bacteriocin release protein in prokaryotic system. Secretory expression was optimized by considering several parameters, including host strains, inducer (IPTG) concentration, media, induction at A(600 nm), temperature, and time of induction. Among the host strains tested, Origami B excreted out 18,100 U/ml of lipase activity into culture medium when induced with 50 microM IPTG for 12 h. The Origami B harboring recombinant plasmid pGEX/T1S and pJL3 vector was chosen for further study. IPTG at 0.05 mM, YT medium, induction at A(600 nm) of 1.25, 30 degrees C, and 32 h of induction time were best condition for T1 lipase secretion with Origami B as a host.     

Approaches to efficient production of recombinant angiogenesis inhibitor rhVEGI‐192 and characterization of its structure and antiangiogenic function

Methods to prepare pure, bioactive recombinant human vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (rhVEGI), a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis potentially applicable in antiangiogenic cancer therapy, are in urgent demand for preclinical investigation as well as future clinical trials of the protein. Here, we report expression and purification of rhVEGI‐192, a recombinant VEGI isoform, comparatively using host strains BL21 (DE3) pLysS and Origami B (DE3) with IPTG‐induction and autoinduction techniques. Our study identified that a combined use of Origami B (DE3) strain and autoinduction expression system gave rise to a high yield of purified rhVEGI‐192 at 105.38 mg/L culture by immobilized‐metal affinity chromatography on Ni‐NTA column. The antiangiogenic activity was effectively restored after the insoluble fractions being dissolved in 8M urea and subsequently subjected to a gradient‐dialysis refolding process. Functional tests demonstrated that the purified rhVEGI‐192 potently inhibited endothelial growth, induced endothelial apoptosis and suppressed neovascularization in chicken chorioallantoic membrane, indicating that the developed method allows preparation of rhVEGI‐192 with high yield, solubility, and bioactivity. Most importantly, our study also demonstrates that VEGI‐192 is capable of forming polymeric structure, which is possibly required for its antiangiogenic activity.     

Expression of Candida antarctica lipase B in Pichia pastoris and various Escherichia coli systems

Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) carrying a point mutation, N74S, resulting in a non-glycosylated protein was actively expressed in Pichia pastoris yielding 44 mg/L which was similar to that of the glycosylated CALB wild type expressed in P. pastoris. Hence, the major obstacle in the Escherichia coli expression of CALB is not the lack of glycosylation. To understand and improve the expression of CALB in E. coli, a comprehensive investigation of four different systems were tested: periplasmic expression in Rosetta (DE3), cytosolic expression in Rosetta-gami 2(DE3) and Origami 2(DE3) as well as co-expression with chaperones groES and groEL in Origami B(DE3), all using the pET-22b(+) vector and the T7lac promoter. Furthermore the E. coli expression was carried out at three different temperatures (16, 25 and 37 degrees C) to optimise the expression. Periplasmic expression resulted in highest amount of active CALB of the four systems, yielding a maximum of 5.2mg/L culture at 16 degrees C, which is an improvement to previous reports. The specific activity of CALB towards tributyrin in E. coli was found to be the same for periplasmic and cytosolic expression. Active site titration showed that the CALB mutant N74S had a lower specific activity in comparison to wild type CALB regardless of expression host. The expected protein identity was confirmed by LC-ESI-MS analysis in E. coli, whereas in P. pastoris produced CALB carried four additional amino acids from an incomplete protein processing.     

抗黄曲霉毒素B1单链抗体在大肠杆菌中的表达及优化

摘要：【目的】继杂交瘤技术后,重组抗体技术是新一代的抗体制备技术。然而如何用原核系统中较多地表达具有生物活性的单链抗体,避免包涵体形成仍是一个需要探讨的问题。【方法】将目的基因scFv-H4克隆到载体pET22b上,分别转入大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）和Origami（DE3）中,通过改变诱导温度和IPTG浓度,比较具有生物活性的蛋白量以及包涵体的量。【结果】在BL21（DE3）中,pET22b能产生大量表达scFv-H4,而BL21(DE3) 的含有trxA和gor双突变的衍生菌Origami（DE3）表达的scFv-H4的总量较少,但是具有生物活性的蛋白量较多（35 mg/L培养物）,具有生物活性的蛋白比例也较BL21（DE3）高。另外IPTG的浓度对scFv-H4表达没有显著影响,而较高的诱导温度会促使表达的蛋白形成包涵体。【结论】在较低的温度下,pET22b能在Origami（DE3）能较好地表达具有生物活性的scFv-H4,减少包涵体的比例,为后续的抗体性质研究和改造奠定了基础。     

High-level expression of human extracellular superoxide dismutase in Escherichia coli and insect cells.

Much is known about the physical properties of the Cu,Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutases (SODs). However, the biochemical characteristics and pharmacological properties of extracellular (EC)-SOD have been severely limited due to difficulties in obtaining and purifying the enzyme. The EC-SOD cDNA was inserted into the Escherichia coli expression plasmid pET-28a(+) which contains the T7 promoter and transformed into the E. coli BL21(DE3). After induction with 1 mmol/L isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactoside, the recombinant human EC-SOD was highly expressed as inclusion bodies. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that recombinant EC-SOD accumulated up to 26% of the total soluble protein of E. coli cells. The expression product was purified by a Ni(2+)-IDA-Sepharose 6B column. After the denaturing and refolding processes, the recombinant human EC-SOD retains the specific enzymatic activity of 920 U/mg of the purified product. The gene encoding human EC-SOD mature peptide was also inserted into the donor plasmid pFastBacHTb. After transposition, transfection, and amplification were performed, the recombinant baculoviruses infected the Tn-5B1-4 cells and EC-SOD was highly expressed in Tn-5B1-4 cells. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis revealed that the subunit molecular weight of the expression product is 28 kDa. Furthermore, recombinant human EC-SOD retains the enzymatic specific activity of 200 U/mg of the Tn-5B1-4 cell lysates.     

人谷氨酰胺:6-磷酸果糖酰胺转移酶的体外表达、纯化及活性检测

目的:制备重组谷氨酰胺∶6-磷酸果糖酰胺转移酶(GFAT),检测其活性。方法:利用RT-PCR扩增人肝脏cDNA中GFAT1基因全长片段,克隆到表达载体pET32b中;在大肠杆菌Origami(DE3)中诱导表达,用镍离子螯合柱(Ni-NTA)纯化重组GFAT1;用体外酶学的方法检测GFAT的活性。结果:构建了pET32b-GFAT1质粒,经诱导表达及纯化,得到具有一定生物活性的GFAT。结论:利用原核表达系统可得到具有良好生物学活性的重组人GFAT1。     

产GL-7-ACA酰化酶重组大肠杆菌的构建和表达

为了实现GL-7-ACA酰化酶在大肠杆菌中的成功表达,将GL-7-ACA酰化酶基因用PCR的方法去除其信号肽序列,并将其连接到质粒pET-28a,通过筛选得到了表达GL-7-ACA酰化酶的重组菌B121(DE3),pET-ACY。分别考察了诱导温度、菌浓(OD600)、诱导剂IFrG的用量等因素对重组菌表达GL-7-ACA酰化酶的影响。在优化条件下,GL-7-ACA酰化酶酶活可达266U／L。GL-7-ACA酰化酶经一步DEAE-Sepharose纯化即可达到80％的纯度,酶活收率为50％。     

Polycationic amino acid tags enhance soluble expression of Candida antarctica lipase B in recombinant Escherichia coli

Lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) is a popular enzyme used as an ingredient in detergents and biocatalyst in many biochemical reactions. Lipase is usually expressed in Escherichia coli as an inactive inclusion body and at a low level. In this study, Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) was fused with various polycationic amino acid tags and expressed in E. coli in order to increase a soluble expression level. By induction with 1.0 mM IPTG, the authentic and fused CalBs were expressed at 27-56% of total protein. The 10-arginine and 10-lysine tags fused at the C-terminal of CalB significantly increased the solubility of CalB by five- to ninefold, relative to the case of the authentic CalB expressed in a recombinant E. coli Origami 2? (DE3) strain. Among a series of the C-terminal poly-arginine tags, the recombinant CalB combined with the 10-arginine tag (CalB-R10) possessed the highest lipase specific activity of 9.5 ± 0.03 U/mg protein, corresponding to a fourfold enhancement compared with the authentic CalB.     

Heterologous expression of lipase in Escherichia coli is limited by folding and disulfide bond formation

Functional expression of lipase B from Pseudozyma antarctica (PalB) in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and its mutant derivative Origami B(DE3) was explored. Coexpression of DsbA was found to be effective in enhancing PalB expression. The improvement was particularly pronounced with Origami B(DE3) as a host, suggesting that both folding and disulfide bond formation may be major factors limiting PalB expression. Fusion tag technique was also explored by constructing several PalB fusions for the evaluation of their expression performance. While the solubility was enhanced for most PalB fusions, only the DsbA tag was effective in boosting PalB activity, possibly by both enhanced solubility and correct disulfide bond formation. Our results suggest that PalB activity is closely associated with correct disulfide bond formation, and increased solubilization by PalB fusions does not necessarily result in activity enhancement.