白眉山鹧鸪冬季觅食地选择

2010年11—12月,在广西九万山国家级自然保护区对白眉山鹧鸪冬季觅食地选择进行研究。发现觅食点34个,设置利用样方和对照样方各25个,测量并分析19个有关参数。结果显示,白眉山鹧鸪对阔叶林、针阔混交林、阔叶摆竹混交林和摆竹林表现为随机利用,对毛竹林和杉木林表现为避开选择;其偏向选择面朝东南方向的山坡,觅食地坡度在20～44°之间,觅食地摆竹灌丛密度和摆竹灌丛盖度、草本密度和草本盖度都显著低于对照样方,落叶盖度显著高于对照样方。逐步判别分析结果表明,落叶盖度、坡度和摆竹灌丛盖度是区分冬季觅食地和对照样方的主要参数,判别准确率达86.0%。白眉山鹧鸪冬季对觅食地的选择与食物资源和躲避危险有关。因此,建议在保护白眉山鹧鸪时应着重关注这两个因素。     

广西鸟类一新纪录——白眶鹟莺

2006年12月,在广西西南部靖西县底定自然保护区考察时,采到一号雀形目鸟类标本,经鉴定为白眶鹟莺(Seicercus affinis),是广西鸟类新纪录。从2005年1月-2007年5月,在多次鸟类考察过程中都观察到野外活动的白眶鹟莺。在底定,白眶鹟莺通常多在常绿阔叶林的林下灌丛和山间农耕地周边的灌丛中活动,其栖息地海拔高度大致在500-700m。全世界记录有2亚种,我国现已知仅有白眶鹟莺的一个亚种分布。该标本经鉴定为Seicercus affinis intermedius。文中还就白眶鹟莺在中国的分布情况作了讨论。标本现保存于广西大学动物科学技术学院动物标本室。     

广西鸟类一新纪录——白眶鹟莺(英文）

2006年12月,在广西西南部靖西县底定自然保护区考察时,采到一号雀形目鸟类标本,经鉴定为白眶鹟莺(Seicercus affinis),是广西鸟类新纪录。从2005年1月－2007年5月,在多次鸟类考察过程中都观察到野外活动的白眶鹟莺。在底定,白眶鹟莺通常多在常绿阔叶林的林下灌丛和山间农耕地周边的灌丛中活动,其栖息地海拔高度大致在500－700 m。全世界记录有2亚种,我国现已知仅有白眶鹟莺的一个亚种分布。该标本经鉴定为Seicercus affinis intermedius。文中还就白眶鹟莺在中国的分布情况作了讨论。标本现保存于广西大学动物科学技术学院动物标本室。     

广西大明山蜻蜓调查

2011年8月对广西大明山的蜻蜓物种资源进行了调查。结果表明广西大明山蜻蜓种类隶属2亚目11科46种,差翅亚目Anisoptera4科27种,束翅亚目Zygoptera7科19种。其中广西新纪录种8种(亚种)。     

中国叶腿青蜂属一新种(膜翅目,青蜂科)

记述采自广西九万大山的青蜂科1新种:广西叶腿青蜂Loboscelidia guangxiensis sp.nov..模式标本保存于浙江大学寄生蜂标本室.广西叶腿青蜂,新种Loboscelidia guangxiensis sp.nov.(图1～6)新种与采自越南的亚细亚叶腿青蜂L.asiana Kimsey,1988近似,但其体色暗褐色、额突前观呈梯形、颈突侧观近直角弯曲、前翅缺M脉与cu-a脉.正模♂,广西九万大山,2003-07-31,王义平采,No.20037702.副模1♂,广西九万大山,2003-07-31,王义平采,No.20037720.     

疣螈属一新种和一新亚种(蝾螈目,蝾螈科)

在研究中国的疣螈属中,发现海南岛和甘肃文县的疣螈标本与广西瑶山的细痣疣螈在形态和头骨特征上不同,已分别描述为新种和新亚种。它们被命名为海南疣螈(新种)和细痣疣螈文县亚种(新亚种)。     

西昌白鱼一新亚种描述及其亚种分化(鲤形目,鲤科)

1996年11月至1997年6月,于雅砻江下游干流及其支流鳡鱼河中采获一批白鱼属Anabarilius鱼类标本,经鉴定为西昌白色1新亚种。命名为西昌白色雅砻亚种Anabarilius liui yalongensis subsp.nov。与其它3个亚种的主要鉴别特征是：第1鳃弓外侧鳃耙为7—10,其余3个亚种分别为：西昌指名亚种A.liui liui为12-14,程海亚种A．liui chenghaiensis 15-16,宜良亚种A．liui yiliangensis10-12。种内亚种分化主要是受到同域生态隔离和地理隔离作用的影响。     

中国巨松鼠Ratufa bicolor(Sciuridae:Ratufinae)头骨形态的地理学变异

巨松鼠(Ratufa bicolor)是东洋界的特有类群.中国仅有一种,分布于海南、广西西南部、云南南部、西南部、西部和西北部,关于其亚种的分化结论过去主要依据其皮毛的颜色特征.本研究共测取75个巨松鼠头骨,每号头骨标本测取23个变量,运用统计分析软件SPSS 11.0对巨松鼠的可测量变量进行主成分分析、判别分析及聚类分析,以探讨巨松鼠各亚种地位的有效性及其头骨形态的地理学变异.研究结果显示阿萨姆亚种R.b.gigantea和海南亚种R.b.hainana均为有效亚种,前者分布自广西西南部向西经云南南部、西南部、西部达西北部,后者分布于海南.同时,本研究结果不支持滇南亚种R.b.stigmosa作为一个有效的亚种.     

PEROMYSCOPSYLLA HIMALAICA (ROTHSCHILD, 1915)在我国的发现及其三个亚种的比较

1.1956—1957年间先后自福建的德化、邵武、晋江(泉州)及建甄等山区地带及浙江温州采到Peromyscopsylla himalaica(Roths.1915)。这是我国的首次记录。以中国标本与Rothschild氏对印度标本及熊田氏对日本标本的描述和图相比较,发现三者在形态上彼此各有区别(表3),认为可以分别成为代表不同地区的三个亚种:印度的为喜马拉雅亚种P.h.himalaica,日本的为熊田氏描述的亚种,中国的为一新亚种,中国亚种P.h.sinicasubsp.nov.。 2.中国亚种多出现于8—12月间,其宿主为鼠类,达6种之多,计有:Rattus loseasubsp.、R.fulvescens huang、R.confucianus confucianus、R.andersoni、R.edwardsiedwardsi及Eothenomys melanogaster。 3.本种的3个亚种都是啮齿动物的跳蚤,它们对于疾病的关系尚不得知,认为有必要作进一步的调查与研究。     

山鹧鸪属鸟类线粒体基因组的比较及系统发育研究

海南山鹧鸪(Arborophila ardens)对生境选择比较严格,种群数量稀少,属于濒危物种。为进一步研究山鹧鸪属的进化和系统发育关系,文章利用Illumina Hiseq2000高通量测序技术获得了海南山鹧鸪线粒体全基因组序列,从比较基因组学角度分析了4种山鹧鸪鸟类的线粒体基因组特征,并探讨了山鹧鸪属鸟类的系统发育地位。研究结果表明：(1) 海南山鹧鸪线粒体基因组长度为16 730 bp,编码13个蛋白质编码基因、2个核糖体RNA基因、22个转运RNA基因以及1个控制区;(2) 山鹧鸪属物种受到了纯化选择的作用,且在进化过程中积累了更多的非同义替换;(3) 山鹧鸪属位于雉科鸟类系统树的基部位置,其中白眉山鹧鸪与红喉山鹧鸪互为姐妹群,海南山鹧鸪位于山鹧鸪属的基部位置,与其他3种山鹧鸪鸟类的亲缘关系较远。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.