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阳离子抗菌肽的研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
阳离子抗菌肽(Cationic antibacterial peptides)是生物体抵御外源性病原微生物的入侵而产生的一类小分子阳离子多肽,与传统的抗生素相比具有分子量小、抗菌谱广、热稳定性好、抗菌机理独特等优点。本文结合当今阳离子抗菌肽的研究现状和发展前景,从阳离子抗菌肽的理化性质、作用机理及其设计合成等方面进行了综述。 相似文献
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昆虫抗菌肽是昆虫免疫后存在于血淋巴中的一类肽类活性物质.具有相对分子质量小、热稳定性强、无免疫原性、抗菌谱广等特点.结合昆虫抗菌肽的研究现状和发展前景,对昆虫抗菌肽的分类、作用机理、基因工程等方面进行了综述. 相似文献
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新疆家蚕抗菌肽抗菌作用的超微结构观察及抗菌机理初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨基因工程表达的新疆家蚕(Bombyx mori)抗菌肽(cecropin-XJ)的抗菌机制,通过紫外分光光度法研究抗菌肽的抑菌动力学,并采用透射电镜观察抗菌肽作用于金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)后的超微结构,对抗菌肽抗菌机理进行初步探讨。结果表明,抗菌肽抑菌作用比较明显,抗菌肽的活性与作用时间有关。抗菌肽可能是通过"桶-板"模式渗透细胞膜,从而影响细胞膜的结构和功能,使细胞膜形成许多孔道,增强了金黄色葡萄球菌细胞的通透性,造成细胞内的原生质扩散,并从孔道向胞外渗漏,影响了细菌的代谢系统,从而起到抑菌、杀菌作用。抗菌肽使金黄色葡萄球菌细胞内容物大量渗漏而死亡,死亡细胞的细胞壁保持完整,表明细胞膜是抗菌肽作用的主要靶位点。 相似文献
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某些抗菌肽的研究进展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
抗菌肽是各种生物防御系统的一个组成部分,是由于微生物等因素的侵染而产生的免疫应答反应产物,具有分子量低,热稳定,强碱性和广谱抗菌等特点,抗菌肽的正电荷与细菌细胞的磷脂头负电荷之间的相互作用是重要,肽分子氮端的两性螺旋是裂解细菌的主要部分,碳末端酰胺化与抗菌肽的广谱抗菌有关,抗菌肽具有独特的抗菌机理,能在细菌质膜上形成离子通道,破坏膜势,引起胞内物质泄漏,从而杀灭细菌。 相似文献
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Prediction of antibiotic activity and synthesis of new pentadecapeptides based on lactoferricins. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tore Lejon Trine Stiberg Morten B. Strm John S. Svendsen 《Journal of peptide science》2004,10(6):329-335
The antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus has been studied for a number of modified pentadecapeptides based on lactoferricins of different origin. The peptides were classified by multivariate methods and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) were developed using theoretically derived variables for the amino acids. For the modified peptides based on bovine lactoferricin (LFB) a model was calculated and used for prediction of new peptides that were then tested for antibacterial activity in order to improve peptide activity and to check the validity of the model. Models were also calculated including lactoferricins of different origin. Theories of the mechanism of action of the peptides are briefly discussed. 相似文献
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Marie-Hélène Metz-Boutigue Yannick Goumon Karine Lugardon Jean-Marc Strub Dominique Aunis 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》1998,18(2):249-266
1. Antibacterial activity has recently been associated with the soluble matrix of bovine chromaffin granules. Furthermore, this activity was detected in the contents secreted from cultured chromaffin cells following stimulation.2. The agents responsible for the inhibition of Gram+ and Gram– bacteria growth are granular peptides acting in the micromolar range or below. In secretory granules, these peptides are generated from cleavage of chromogranins and proenkephalin A and are released together with catecholamines into the circulation.3. Secretolytin and enkelytin are the best characterized; these two peptides share sequence homology and similar antibacterial activity with insect cecropins and intestinal diazepam-binding inhibitor. For some of the peptides derived from chromogranin A, posttranslational modifications were essential since antibacterial activity was expressed only when peptides were phosphorylated and/or glycosylated.4. The significance of this activity is not yet understood. It may be reminiscent of some primitive defense mechanism or may serve as a first barrier to bacteria infection during stress, as these peptides are secreted along with catecholamines. 相似文献
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Bactenecin 5 (Bac 5) is an antibacterial 43mer peptide isolated from bovine neutrophils. It consists of an Arg-rich N-terminal region and successive repeats of Arg-Pro-Pro-Ile (or Phe). We synthesized Bac 5(1-23) and several related peptides to clarify the roles these regions play in antibacterial activity. An assay of antibacterial activity revealed that such activity requires the presence of Arg residues at or near the N-terminus, as well as a chain length exceeding 15 residues. None of the peptides exhibited haemolytic activity. Polyproline II-like CD curves were observed for most of the peptides. Measurements of the membrane perturbation and fusion indicated that the perturbation and fusogenic activities of the peptides were, generally, parallel to their antibacterial activities. Amino acid substitution in the repeating region had some effect on antibacterial activity. 相似文献
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抗菌肽及其应用研究进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
抗菌肽是生物防御系统产生的一类对抗外源性病原体的肽类物质,具有抗细菌、真菌、霉菌、病毒、原虫、癌细胞等多种活性,具有广阔的应用前景。本文就抗菌肽的分类、理化特征、结构、作用机制、基因工程、应用前景及存在问题等方面进行了简要综述。 相似文献
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Héctor Manuel Pineda-Castañeda Kevin Andrey Huertas-Ortiz Aura Lucía Leal-Castro Yerly Vargas-Casanova Claudia Marcela Parra-Giraldo Javier Eduardo García-Castañeda Zuly Jenny Rivera-Monroy 《化学与生物多样性》2021,18(2):e2000885
Chimeric peptides containing short sequences derived from bovine Lactoferricin (LfcinB) and Buforin II (BFII) were synthetized using solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and characterized via reversed-phase liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The chimeras were obtained with high purity, demonstrating their synthetic viability. The chimeras’ antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains was evaluated. Our results showed that all the chimeras exhibited greater antibacterial activity against the evaluated strains than the individual sequences, suggesting that chemical binding of short sequences derived from AMPs significantly increased the antibacterial activity. For each strain, the chimera with the best antibacterial activity exerted a bacteriostatic and/or bactericidal effect, which was dependent on the concentration. It was found that: (i) the antibacterial activity of a chimera is mainly influenced by the linked sequences, the palindromic motif RLLRRLLR being the most relevant one; (ii) the inclusion of a spacer between the short sequences did not significantly affect the chimera's synthesis process; however, it enhanced its antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains; on the other hand, (iii) the replacement of Arg with Lys in the LfcinB or BFII sequences improved the chimeras’ synthesis process without significantly affecting their antibacterial activity. These results illustrate the great importance of the synthesis of chimeric peptides for the generation of promising antibacterial peptides. 相似文献
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家蝇蛆抗菌肽提取工艺研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
蝇蛆抗菌肽多有广谱抗菌、抗癌等功能,是很好的天然抗菌药物来源,但由于得率较低,目
前对其产品开发的研究较少。以家蝇Musca domestica干蝇蛆为原料,利用加热-层析法和海藻酸吸附法2种工艺提取蝇蛆抗菌肽。结果表明:加热-层析法快速、简便,抗菌肽提取得率达0.26%,是海藻酸吸附法提取抗菌肽得率的5.2倍。提取的家蝇抗菌肽主要是分子量6.2~17.2 kD、等电点5.59~5.91的弱酸性小分子多肽,其热稳定性高,能杀灭枯草杆菌Bacillus subtilis等多种革兰氏阳性菌。加热-层析法能有效去除外源性蛋白酶,保证肽类产品的稳定性,同时还能提取出非蛋白类的抗菌成分,提示其对开发具有高附加值的抗菌产品将会有良好的应用前景。 相似文献