玉米花粉特异的非编码RNA基因ZM401 cDNA全长的克隆及其发育表达模式

通过差异筛选法并结合冷噬菌斑筛选,从玉米(Zea mays L．)成熟花粉cDNA文库中克隆到一个玉米花粉特异表达的cDNA片段ZM401(663bp)。Northern杂交表明ZM401是一个玉米花粉特异表达的基因。本文采用5′RACE,3′RACE及重叠PCR技术获得了ZM401 cDNA的全长(1149bp)。采用生物学软件对ZM401 cDNA的序列和结构进行分析,结果表明,该基因缺乏明显的开放阅读框架,序列中最长的开放阅读框架仅有89个氨基酸,但具有poly(A)尾部结构,符合非编码RNA基因的特点。推断ZM401基因是一个非编码基因。RT-PCR及Northern blot分析表明ZM401基因从玉米花粉小孢子四分体时期、单核期、双核期、成熟花粉开始表达,而且表达量依次增强,证明ZM401可能与玉米花粉的晚期发育过程相关。同时,Northern杂交显示ZM401基因在玉米花粉发育中有两种转录本存在。     

三叶木通花粉前纤维蛋白基因的克隆与表达

以三叶木通花蕾为材料,采用RT-PCR、3-′RACE方法克隆了三叶木通花粉前纤维蛋白基因,命名为Atf-Pro(GenBank登录号GQ478584)。结果表明:AtfPro的cDNA全长735 bp、阅读框393 bp、编码131个氨基酸,有1个342 bp的3′端非翻译区。预测分子量约为14.081 kD,等电点4.74。氨基酸和核苷酸序列的同源性分析发现,AtfPro基因属于植物花粉profilin基因家族的新成员。RT-PCR定性分析表明,AtfPro基因在三叶木通花蕾、花药、雌花花瓣和柱头组织中均有表达,但在幼叶、茎尖、根尖组织中低水平表达或不表达,生殖器官中的表达时期从花序分化发育开始到开花散粉结束。     

玉米花粉特异的非编码RNA基因ZM401 cDNA全长的克隆及其发育表达模式

通过差异筛选法并结合冷噬菌斑筛选,从玉米(Zea mays L.)成熟花粉cDNA文库中克隆到一个玉米花粉特异表达的cDNA片段ZM401(663bp).Northern杂交表明ZM401是一个玉米花粉特异表达的基因.本文采用5'RACE,3'RACE及重叠PCR技术获得了ZM401 cDNA的全长(1 149 bp).采用生物学软件对ZM401 cDNA的序列和结构进行分析,结果表明,该基因缺乏明显的开放阅读框架,序列中最长的开放阅读框架仅有89个氨基酸,但具有poly(A)尾部结构,符合非编码RNA基因的特点.推断ZM401基因是一个非编码基因.RT-PCR及Northern blot分析表明ZM401基因从玉米花粉小孢子四分体时期、单核期、双核期、成熟花粉开始表达,而且表达量依次增强,证明ZM401可能与玉米花粉的晚期发育过程相关.同时,Northern杂交显示ZM401基因在玉米花粉发育中有两种转录本存在.     

茶树冷诱导基因RAV的克隆与表达特性分析

对利用cDNA-AFLP技术所获得的茶树低温诱导差异表达片段TDF,通过RACE方法获得含完整编码区序列的茶树RAV基因cDNA克隆,其开放阅读框编码361个氨基酸,包含两个保守的结构域AP2和B3,与多种植物RAV蛋白具有高度同源性。qRT-PCR分析表明,茶树RAV基因受低温、乙烯、NaCl等上调表达,最大表达量分别是诱导前的5.8、10.0和1.9倍。在成熟叶片、芽、嫩茎中RAV基因表达量相近,花蕾和嫩根中表达较低,而在种子中不表达。推测该基因在组织中的表达受到严格控制以及在响应非生物胁迫中发挥重要作用。     

亚麻中雄性不育基因同源序列MS2-F的克隆和表达分析

用同源序列克隆法从亚麻中克隆了雄性不育基因同源序列MS2-F cDNA(登陆号:EU363493).该cDNA全长1 91lbp,包含一个1 608 bp的ORF,编码535个氨基酸.推导的蛋白质序列中包含2个雄性不育保守区:NAD结合区域和雄性不育C-末端区域.该基因与油菜和拟南芥雄性不育基因的一致性分别为59.65%和59.16%,为花蕾特异表达基因,推测在亚麻花粉发育过程中与脂酰辅酶A还原酶有相似功能.MS2-F cDNA对应的gDNA大小为2 696 bp(登陆号:EU365361),含有8个内含子和9个外显子.     

玉米DEAD-box RNA解旋酶基因的克隆及分析

DEAD-box RNA解旋酶参与RNA转录、前体mRNA剪切、核糖体发生、核质运输、蛋白质翻译、RNA降解等重要的生命活动.根据本室在S-Mo17Rf3Rf3cDNA芯片研究中,检测到花粉发育后期RNA解旋酶上调表达的结果,应用RACE技术从S-Mo17Rf3Rf3花粉中克隆得到该RNA解旋酶基因全长cDNA,命名为ZmRH2并在GenBank注册登记 (DQ327709).序列分析表明：该cDNA全长1 652bp,从第163 bp开始到1 386bp含有一个开放阅读框,编码407个氨基酸.其编码的蛋白质具有DEAD-box RNA解旋酶特有的9个保守模体,与水稻、拟南芥和豌豆中的DEAD-box RNA解旋酶的氨基酸序列存在着很高的同源性.RT-PCR分析表明,该基因在近等基因系S-Mo17Rf3Rf3和S-Mo17rf3rf3的叶、根、和雌穗中的表达没有差异,但在花丝和花粉中有明显差异.     

青花菜谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的克隆及表达特性分析

本研究采用RT-PCR技术从青花菜自交系‘WN12-95B’中克隆到谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因。序列分析表明,青花菜GST基因全长690 bp,ORF长度为675 bp,推导编码蛋白含有224个氨基酸,相对分子量为26.15 kD,理论pI值为6.56,属于Tau类家族成员。青花菜GST蛋白的二级结构主要以α-螺旋和延伸链为主。通过构建系统进化树发现,GST基因与油菜、芜菁亲缘关系最近。利用荧光定量PCR检测GST基因在青花菜保持系不同组织中的表达量,结果显示GST基因在根、叶、荚中的表达丰度较高,花蕾中表达丰度较低。青花菜Ogu不育系及其保持系不同发育阶段花蕾时空表达特性分析表明,花蕾发育早期(2 mm)表达量最高,随着发育进程的推移,表达量逐渐下降。同时期不育系的表达量高于保持系。本研究为探讨青花菜GST基因在花粉发育过程中的功能提供一定理论依据。     

青花菜花粉发育基因MF21的克隆及表达特征分析

从青花菜自交系‘WN12-95B’中克隆得到花粉发育基因MF21。序列生物信息学分析表明,该基因全长468 bp,编码151个氨基酸,相对分子量为16.70 kD,等电点为8.56,为疏水性蛋白。青花菜MF21蛋白的信号肽长度为22个氨基酸残基。且该蛋白含有两个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点,4个N端豆蔻酰化位点和一个酪氨酸磷酸化位点。不规则卷曲和β-转角是其二级结构主要构成成分。分子进化表明,MF21基因与同属的埃塞俄比亚芥进化关系最近。通过荧光定量PCR对青花菜MF21基因的时空表达特性进行分析,结果表明该基因在保持系花蕾中表达较高,具有明显的组织特异性。在Ogu不育系及其保持系不同发育阶段的花蕾中MF21相对表达量差异明显。     

小麦花粉特异性表达的cDNA的分离及表达特性

应用抑制差示杂交和5′/3′RACE PCR方法分离了小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)花粉特异性表达的全长cDNA(TaPSG719,GenBank:AY451238)),该基因全长1172 bp,5′非编码区序列长达329 bp,包含多个上游可译框架(uORF);该基因编码188个氨基酸的蛋白质,大小约20 kD,等电点为12.1。Northern杂交和RT-PCR分析表明该基因在成熟花粉特异表达,而在小孢子、叶片、根和未成熟的种子、幼茎和子房等组织几乎检测不到。进一步研究小麦花粉发育过程的表达水平表明,TaPSG719在单核和双核小孢子阶段不表达,在开花前5d(已完成有丝分裂)开始表达并迅速增强达到高峰,但随着花粉的成熟表达水平逐渐下降。表明TaPSG719是一个花粉中晚期特异性表达基因。经BLAST同源性分析表明,与目前已登录的基因没有显著的同源性。Southern杂交表明TaPSG719可能为一个多拷贝基因。为研究TaPSG719 cDNA 5′非编码区序列的uORF对可译框架的翻译的影响,构建不同缺失或突变的表达载体,采用麦胚体外翻译系统,结果显示含uORF的5′非编码区序列能显著抑制蛋白质的翻译水平,表明TaPSG719基因表达至少部分是在翻译水平上调控。     

Cloning and Characterization of the Microspore Development-Related Gene BcMF2 in Chinese Cabbage Pak-Choi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino)

For the sake of providing some important information relevant to the study of the molecular mechanism of genic male sterility in plants, gene differential expression in flower buds at different developmental stages, as well as in rosette leaves, florescence leaves, and scapes was analyzed using cDNA amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) in the genic male sterile A and fertile B line of Chinese cabbage pak-choi. Following amplification of 125 pairs of primer combinations, 11 differential fragments were obtained, of which eight were from the B line and the other three were from the A line. Of 11 differential fragments, four were verified by Northern hybridization that were expressed preferentially in fertile flower buds. Results of GenBank BLAST showed that one fragment was with unknown function,whereas the other fragments have strong nucleotide sequence similarities with the polygalacturonase (PG)gene, the pectinesterase (PE) gene, and the polygalacturonase inhibitory protein (PGIP4) gene. Only fulllength cDNA from the differential fragment BcMF-A18T16-1 was amplified by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and Northern analysis showed that this fragment was expressed only in medium and largesized flower buds of the B line. The full-length cDNA, designated as BcMF2 (Brassica campestris Male Fertile 2), was 1 485 bp long and was composed of a 1 263-bp open reading frame, which had 83% nucleotide similarity to a PG gene from Arabidopsis encoding polygalacturonase. Analysis of the basic structure of the protein revealed that it had one polygalacturonase active site (RVTCGPGHGLSVGS) at 256th site of amino acids and was classified as being a member of family 28 of the glycosyl hydrolases. The role of the BcMF2 gene on microspore development is discussed in the present paper.     

Cloning and Characterization of the Microspore Development-Related Gene BcMF2 in Chinese Cabbage Pak-Choi （Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino）

For the sake of providing some important information relevant to the study of the molecular mechanism of genic male sterility in plants, gene differential expression in flower buds at different developmental stages, as well as in rosette leaves, florescence leaves, and scapes was analyzed using cDNA amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) in the genic male sterile A and fertile B line of Chinese cabbage pak-choi. Following amplification of 125 pairs of primer combinations, 11 differential fragments were obtained, of which eight were from the B line and the other three were from the A line. Of 11 differential fragments, four were verified by Northern hybridization that were expressed preferentially in fertile flower buds. Results of GenBank BLAST showed that one fragment was with unknown function, whereas the other fragments have strong nucleotide sequence similarities with the polygalacturonase (PG) gene, the pectinesterase (PE) gene, and the polygalacturonase inhibitory protein (PGIP4) gene. Only fulllength cDNA from the differential fragment BcMF-A 18T 16-1 was amplified by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and Northern analysis showed that this fragment was expressed only in medium and largesized flower buds of the B line. The full-length cDNA, designated as BcMF2 (Brassica campestris Male Fertile 2), was 1 485 bp long and was composed ofa 1 263-bp open reading frame, which had 83% nucleotide similarity to a PG gene from Arabidopsis encoding polygalacturonase. Analysis of the basic structure of the protein revealed that it had one polygalacturonase active site (RVTCGPGHGLSVGS) at 256th site of amino acids and was classified as being a member of family 28 of the glycosyl hydrolases. The role of the BcMF2gene on microspore development is discussed in the present paper.     

Bnm1, a Brassica pollen-specific gene

cDNA and genomic clones of a new pollen-specific gene, Bnm1, have been isolated from Brassica napus cv. Topas. The gene contains an open reading frame of 546 bp and a single intron of 362 bp. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with sequences in data banks did not show similarity with known proteins. Northern blot analysis of developing pollen showed that Bnm1 mRNA was first detected in bicellular pollen and accumulated to higher levels in tricellular pollen. Bnm1 mRNA was not detected in leaves, stems, roots, pistils, seeds or pollen-derived embryos. RNA in situ hybridization of whole flower buds confirmed that Bnm1 was pollen-specific and expressed late in development. A promoter fragment of the Bnm1 gene fused to the gusA reporter gene yielded similar patterns of tissue specificity and developmental regulation in transgenic B. napus cv. Westar plants; however, the promoter was also active during the early stages of pollen development. The Bnm1 gene, cloned in this study, was derived from the A genome of the allotetraploid species B. napus (AACC). Southern blot analysis indicated that sequences similar to the Bnm1 gene were found in both A and C Brassica genomes. Related sequences were found in all 10 members of the Brassiceae tribe examined, but were not present in all tribes of the Brassicaceae family.