幽门螺杆菌保护性抗原研究进展

幽门螺杆菌是一种与慢性胃炎、胃溃疡及胃癌的发生密切相关的致病菌。疫苗是预防和控制传染病的有效途径,筛选出幽门螺杆菌保护性抗原是设计和构建幽门螺杆菌疫苗的关键。本对与幽门螺杆菌粘附、定植及与其毒素相关的保护性抗原做一概述。     

幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素研究进展

幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素是该菌产生的已知其它细菌毒素无明显源性的唯一蛋白毒素。该毒素是幽门螺杆菌重要的毒力致病因子,它的产生与感染胃肠上皮损伤和溃疡形成密切相关。本就幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素的结构与功能研究进展以及在未来免疫预防与免疫治疗中的作用进行了阐述。     

幽门螺杆菌vacA基因的克隆和序列分析

空泡毒素是幽门螺杆菌产生的已知的唯一蛋白毒素,该毒素与感染者胃肠上皮务和溃疡形成密切相关,同时也是幽门螺杆菌免疫预防和免疫治疗的重要候选组分。从幽门螺杆菌NCTC11637染色体DNA中经PCR方法获得了2.9kb的该基因成熟肽全长序列,将该基因克隆至载体pET22b ,经PCR扩增和酶切鉴定后序列分析表明,该基因与已知序列完全一致。     

与胃溃疡有关的蛋白质分子PTprz

科学家在 2 0世纪 80年代发现 ,幽门螺杆菌是引起胃溃疡的主要病因 .2 0年后 ,最新了解到世界上有一半人胃中聚集着幽门螺杆菌 ,但科学家对为什么局部感染会导致溃疡仍然存在困惑 .现在有一项用小鼠的研究提示 ,胃细胞表面有一种蛋白质帮助幽门螺杆菌产生的毒素来损坏胃粘膜 .早些时候的试验发现了该蛋白质 ,称其为PTprz ,在实验皿中该蛋白质位于暴露在幽门螺杆菌毒素的胃粘膜细胞表面 .其他研究说明 ,幽门螺杆菌毒素在胃粘膜细胞间隙引起酸的充盈而使胃粘膜细胞不稳定 .为了测定PTprz在胃溃疡中起什么作用 ,研究者给 2 4只小鼠口服称为Va…     

幽门螺杆菌毒素及相关疾病的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌是引起胃炎,消化性溃疡等多种胃肠疾病的重要病原体。目前认为该菌的主要致病因子是细胞空泡毒素和细胞毒相关蛋白。本文综述这两种毒素的基因特征,基因分型方法,致病机制和临床相关疾病的国内外最新研究成果。     

幽门螺杆菌细胞毒素相关基因致病岛及Ⅳ型分泌系统的研究进展

致病岛是指细菌染色体上一段具有典型结构特征的基因簇,主要编码与细菌毒力及代谢等功能相关的产物。Ⅳ型分泌系统指革兰阴性菌中由多种蛋白分子构成的、通过菌毛样结构向宿主细胞注入毒力因子的分泌系统。幽门螺杆菌细胞毒素相关基因致病岛及其编码的Ⅳ型分泌系统是幽门螺杆菌关键性致病因子,有可能成为药物作用的新靶标,是近年相关研究的热点。     

幽门螺杆菌细胞空泡毒素与胃上皮细胞的表皮生长因子信号转导

细胞空泡毒素是幽门螺杆菌的一种重要的外分泌毒素,但其确定的致病机制尚不清楚。近年来研究发现,细胞空泡毒素不仅直接导致细胞的空泡毒性,还可能通过干扰胃黏膜上皮细胞内及细胞间的信息传递,尤其是与表皮生长因子有关的信号转导过程,影响上皮细胞的生长、增殖及组织的修复,是幽门螺杆菌致病机制的重要环节之一。     

幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素及其编码基因的研究

幽门螺杆菌是胃部疾病的主要病原菌。近几年,它已成为研究热点之一,发展很快。本文就幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素及其编码基因的结构、特性及与胃部疾病的关系作了较为全面的介绍。     

幽门螺杆菌CagA蛋白及其致病机制的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌感染是导致从胃炎到胃癌等一系列胃相关疾病的主要病因,但具体的致病机制仍不是很清楚。细胞毒素相关蛋白A(cytotoxin-associated gene A,Cag A)是幽门螺杆菌编码的一种重要毒力因子,且作为细菌来源的唯一癌蛋白被大量研究。Cag A蛋白是由幽门螺杆菌Ⅳ型分泌系统介导并注入宿主胃上皮细胞内,一旦进入细胞,Cag A能够与多个分子发生相互作用,扰乱细胞正常的信号通路,引起细胞病变和转化,而动物实验也证明了Cag A蛋白的致癌特点。本文重点对Cag A蛋白的序列特征,转位方式及致病机制等方面的最新进展进行了综述,希望能进一步阐释Cag A介导的幽门螺杆菌的致病机制,为以后的研究提供一定的方向和指导。     

幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素及编码基因的研究

幽门螺杆菌是胃部疾病的主要病原菌。近几年,它已成为研究热点之一,发展很快。本文就幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素及其编码基因的结构特性与胃部疾病的关系作了较为全面的介绍。     

抗幽门螺杆菌药物的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori)是引起胃炎、胃和十二指肠溃疡乃至胃癌的主要致病菌。近年来,随着大量广谱抗生素的广泛应用使得耐药的幽门螺杆菌菌株呈不断上升趋势,开发高效和高选择性的抗幽门螺杆菌药物已经成为全球关注的课题。本文对近五年来文献报道的抗幽门螺杆菌药物和先导化合物分类进行简要综述,为研究开发幽门螺杆菌感染性疾病的治疗新药提供参考。     

Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on extent of duodenal gastric metaplasia and grade of gastritis

The extent of the regression of duodenal gastric metaplasia (DGM) after the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection is controversial. Therefore, we decided to assess the degree of DGM before, sex weeks and one year after H. pylori eradication. 105 consecutive Helicobacter pylori positive patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer, with DGM and Helicobacter pylori infection were recruited for this study. The diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection was based on CLO-test and histology, and DGM was assessed on four bulb biopsies taken before, sex weeks and one year after Helicobacter pylori eradication. Histological assessment of Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis was performed according to the Sydney classification. Follow up study on 98 patients before, six weeks and one year after the eradication of Helicobacter pylori showed that the mean extent of DGM did not change significantly after eradication and did not differ when compared with 14 patients with persisting infection. Our results show that the inflammatory process related to Helicobacter pylori does not play the main role in the development of DGM.     

Is there seasonal periodicity in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori?

The objective of the present study was to evaluate seasonal periodicity in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori. A prospective study was performed on 1076 consecutive patients who were investigated in our hospital over a 3-year span because of epigastric complaints. Our findings indicate a significant accumulation of positive Helicobacter pylori tests in October. Gastric acidity, gender, and age did not influence Helicobacter pylori infection significantly. There was no significant correlation between potential seasonal influence on the diagnosis of ulcer disease and the seasonal fluctuation of Helicobacter pylori infection. The seasonality was confirmed by cosinor analysis for the absolute frequencies of H. pylori infections and also for the number of cases positive for H. pylori per number of presenting patients per month. A seasonal concept of a sensitivity threshold for positive Helicobacter pylori testing is introduced, taking into account such factors as immune system, nutrition, and medication status.     

体外拮抗幽门螺杆菌的人嗜酸乳杆菌菌株的选育

目的 探讨人嗜酸乳杆菌对幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｅｌｉｃｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｐｙｌｏｒｉ,ＨＰ）毒力株的体外拮抗作用,筛选出对ＨＰ毒力株有明显拮抗作用的嗜酸乳杆菌菌株。方法 从健康人胃肠道中分离出５２株嗜酸乳杆菌可疑株,通过其培养特性,生理特性,生化反应及代谢产物测定等进行鉴定,获得２６株嗜酸乳杆菌。同时,从临床患者胃活检标本中分离出２３株ＨＰ菌株,用ＰＣＲ方法筛选出ｃａｇＡ阳性ＨＰ毒力株,然后,采用打孔法进行嗜酸乳杆菌培养上清拮抗ＨＰ毒力株的实验,以１％的乳酸作对照。结果 筛选出４株对ＨＰ毒力株有明显拮抗作用的嗜酸乳杆菌,这种拮抗作用不依赖嗜酸乳杆菌分泌的乳酸。结论 人嗜酸乳杆菌在体外对ＨＰ毒力株具有明显拮抗作用。该研究为应用微生态疗法治疗ＨＰ感染提供了理论基础。     

Essential role of Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase for the colonization of the gastric mucosa of mice

Constitutive expression of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) activity is common to all Helicobacter pylori strains, and is used as a marker for identifying H. pylori isolates. Helicobacter pylori GGT was purified from sonicated extracts of H. pylori strain 85P by anion exchange chromatography. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of two of the generated endo-proteolysed peptides were determined, allowing the cloning and sequencing of the corresponding gene from a genomic H. pylori library. The H. pylori ggt gene consists of a 1681 basepair (bp) open reading frame encoding a protein with a signal sequence and a calculated molecular mass of 61 kDa. Escherichia coli clones harbouring the H. pylori ggt gene exhibited GGT activity at 37 degrees C, in contrast to E. coli host cells (MC1061, HB101), which were GGT negative at 37 degrees C. GGT activity was found to be constitutively expressed by similar genes in Helicobacter felis, Helicobacter canis, Helicobacter bilis, Helicobacter hepaticus and Helicobacter mustelae. Western immunoblots using rabbit antibodies raised against a His-tagged-GGT recombinant protein demonstrated that H. pylori GGT is synthesized in both H. pylori and E. coli as a pro-GGT that is processed into a large and a small subunit. Deletion of a 700 bp fragment within the GGT-encoding gene of a mouse-adapted H. pylori strain (SS1) resulted in mutants that were GGT negative yet grew normally in vitro. These mutants, however, were unable to colonize the gastric mucosa of mice when orally administered alone or together (co-infection) with the parental strain. These results demonstrate that H. pylori GGT activity has an essential role for the establishment of the infection in the mouse model, demonstrating for the first time a physiological role for a bacterial GGT enzyme.     

幽门螺杆菌感染引起的免疫应答及其对疫苗研制的启示

幽门螺杆菌是一种全世界范围的人类感染病原菌,人感染该菌后可以被诱导产生较强的体液免疫应答和一定程度的细胞免疫应答反应;但是,自然感染往往不能使机体产生有效的免疫保护,相反可引起对机体的免疫病理损伤,有效的疫苗应该被设计为能够诱导机体产生非病理损伤的特异的免疫保护反应,以此来预防和治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性疾病。本综述了这些方面的研究进展。     

益生菌在根除幽门螺杆菌中的应用

随着幽门螺杆菌耐药率的上升,幽门螺杆菌根除率逐渐下降,如何提高根除率是目前临床治疗上遇到的重要问题。益生菌不但能提高幽门螺杆菌根除率,还能降低根除幽门螺杆菌治疗的不良反应,益生菌在根除幽门螺杆菌中的应用越来越引起重视。     

30周糖尿病大鼠胃排空与幽门螺杆菌的检测

目的检测30周糖尿病大鼠胃排空情况幽门螺杆菌的感染状况。方法应用链脲佐菌素(Streptozotocin,STZ)建立30周糖尿病大鼠模型,然后采用酚红实验方法观察胃排空与胃幽门螺杆菌感染状况。结果30周糖尿病大鼠存在胃排空异常,中药"糖胃康"组与模型组比较有所改善,而幽门螺杆菌试纸检测呈阴性。结论30周糖尿病大鼠存在胃排空异常现象,不存在幽门螺杆菌感染。     

Genome of Helicobacter pylori strain XZ274, an isolate from a tibetan patient with gastric cancer in China

The infection rate of Helicobacter pylori is high all over the world, especially in the Chinese Tibetan Plateau. Here, we report the genome sequence of Helicobacter pylori strain XZ274 isolated from a Tibetan patient with gastric cancer. The strain contains 1,634,138 bp with 1,654 coding sequences and a pXZ274 plasmid of 22,406 bp with 26 coding sequences. This is the first complete genome sequence of Helicobacter pylori from the Tibetan Plateau in China.