共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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干细胞最重要特性之一是可自我更新,越来越多的证据显示肿瘤可认为是由干细胞生长调控机制失调引起的.该文从三个方面概述干细胞与肿瘤的关系,即:(1)肿瘤细胞中有一小部分称为肿瘤干细胞,具有无限增殖能力;(2)肿瘤干细胞与正常干细胞有相似的生长调控机制;(3)突变最先发生于干细胞.另外,对干细胞理论在肿瘤治疗中的意义也作了阐述. 相似文献
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上皮间充质转化是上皮细胞丢失细胞极性和细胞黏附,而获得间充质细胞迁移和侵袭特性的生物学过程.肿瘤干细胞是存在于肿瘤中具有自我更新和异质性分化能力的一小群细胞,在肿瘤的发生发展过程中起重要的作用.上皮间充质转化(EMT)与肿瘤的转移密切相关,而近几年的研究表明,EMT也可以促进肿瘤细胞获得干细胞的特性,因此使肿瘤治疗更困难,本文对EMT促肿瘤干细胞形成机制及其对临床治疗意义的研究进展作一综述. 相似文献
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丁田 《国外医学:分子生物学分册》2007,4(5):461-464
肿瘤干细胞的鉴定成功对肿瘤发生的观点产生了新的挑战。干细胞最大的特点是非对称性分裂从而实现自我更新,如果这一过程被扰乱则会发生肿瘤。肿瘤抑制基因hscrib、hJig被认为在这一分子机制中调节命运决定子在子代细胞中的分配。细胞极性是上皮组织的一个标志性特点,极性丢失与上皮的恶性转化密切相关。研究表明hScrib、hDlg是维持正常上皮极性的关键因子,在多种上皮性恶性肿瘤的发生中可能起一定作用。 相似文献
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肿瘤干细胞(Cancer stem cells,CSCs)是肿瘤组织中一小部分具有自我更新和致瘤性的细胞,具有特殊的耐药机制,与肿瘤的复发和治疗失败关系密切。微小RNA(microRNAs,miRNAs)是一类长度约为19~25个核苷酸的内源性非编码单链RNA,能够通过调控相关靶基因的表达,参与调控肿瘤干细胞增殖、凋亡、上皮-间质转化等重要的生命过程,引起CSCs对化疗药物产生原发性多药耐药性。本论文就miRNAs在调控CSCs多药耐药性方面的研究进展作一综述。 相似文献
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Stem cells and brain cancer 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
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Shao‐Yang Lan Tao Yu Zhong‐Sheng Xia Yu‐Hong Yuan Liu Shi Ying Lin Kai‐Hong Huang Qi‐Kui Chen 《Cell biology international》2010,34(12):1171-1180
Msi1 (Musashi 1) is regarded as a marker for neural and intestinal epithelial stem cells. However, it is still unclear whether Msi1‐positive cells derived from mouse embryonic stem cells have the ability to differentiate into neural or intestinal epithelial cells. A pMsi1–GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter plasmid was constructed in order to sort Msi1‐positive cells out of the differentiated cell population. The GFP‐positive cells (i.e. Msi1‐positive cells) were sorted by FACS and were hypodermically engrafted into the backs of NOD/SCID (non‐obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient) mice. The presence of neural and intestinal epithelial cells in the grafts was detected. Msi1 was highly expressed in the GFP‐positive cells, but not in the GFP‐negative cells. The markers for neural cells (Nestin and Tubulin β III) and intestinal epithelial cells [FABP2 (fatty acid binding protein 2), Lyz (lysozyme) and ChA (chromogranin A)] were more highly expressed in the grafts from Msi1‐positive cells than those from Msi1‐negative cells (P<0.05). The grafts from the Msi1‐negative cells contained more mesodermal‐like tissues than those from the Msi1‐positive cells. The pMsi1–GFP vector can be used to sort Msi1‐positive cells from a cell population derived from mouse embryonic stem cells. The Msi1‐positive cells can differentiate into neural and intestinal epithelial‐like cells in vivo. 相似文献
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Azuma M Hirao A Takubo K Hamaguchi I Kitamura T Suda T 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2005,338(2):1164-1170
Homeostasis of prostate tissue is maintained by stem cells, although such cells have not been well characterized. Here, we report establishment of such a method using matrigel. Matrigel containing a single-cell suspension from adult prostatic cells was subcutaneously grafted into the flank of nude mice. Prostatic duct-like structures derived from donor tissue were observed in the gel 2 weeks after transplantation. Luminal and basal cells observed in the gel expressed several markers characteristic of prostatic and/or epithelial cells. When a mixture with both EGFP-positive and negative prostate cells was transplanted, prostatic ducts consisted of either EGFP-positive or negative cells and chimeric patterns were rarely observed, suggesting that ducts were reconstituted from a single cell. Stem cell number and function were also evaluated by competition with control cells. Overall this method revealed that cells localized in the proximal portion in prostate ducts had higher reconstitution capacity than those in the distal portion. We conclude that prostate stem/progenitor cells exist and that our method is applicable to analysis of prostate stem cells, epithelial mesenchyme interactions, and prostate cancer stem cells. 相似文献
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Increased evidence shows that normal stem cells may contribute to cancer development and progression by acting as cancer-initiating cells through their interactions with abnormal environmental elements.We postulate that normal stem cells and cancer stem cells (CSC) possess similar mechanisms of self-renewal and differentiation.CSC can be the key to the elaboration of anti-cancer-based therapy.In this article,we focus on a controversial new theme relating to CSC.Tumorigenesis may have a critical stage characterized as a "therapeutic window",which can be identified by asso-ciation of molecular,biochemical and biological events.Identifying such a stage can allow the production of more effective therapies (e.g.manipulated stem cells) to treat several cancers.More importantly,confirming the existence of a similar therapeutic window during the conversion of normal stem cells to malignant CSC may lead to targeted therapy specifically against CSC.This conversion information may be derived from investigating the biological behaviour of both normal stem cells and cancerous stem cells.Currently,there is little knowledge about the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern the initiation and maintenance of CSC.Studies on co-evolution and interdependence of cancer with normal tissues may lead to a useful treatment paradigm of cancer.The crosstalk between normal stem cells and cancer formation may converge developmental stages of different types of stem cells (e.g.normal stem cells,CSC and embryonic stem cells).The differential studies of the convergence may result in novel therapies for treating cancers. 相似文献
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Stem-like cells in human hepatoblastoma. 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Henning C Fiegel Sylvia Glüer Beate Roth Johannes Rischewski Dietrich von Schweinitz Benno Ure Wolfgang Lambrecht Dietrich Kluth 《The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry》2004,52(11):1495-1501
Hepatoblastoma is a pediatric liver tumor with epithelial components resembling embryonal and fetal liver cells. The existence of teratoid hepatoblastoma suggests the presence of stem cells in hepatoblastoma. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of stem cell markers in hepatoblastomas. We studied specimens from 10 hepatoblastomas. Five of the hepatoblastomas were of epithelial and five of mixed type. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the stem cell markers CD34, Thy1, c-kit, and the hepatic or biliary lineage markers CK-18, OCH, CK-7, and CD56 was performed. Double IHC for stem cell and lineage markers was used to identify putative liver stem cells. The different markers showed distinct distributions on the tumor cells. Cells in atypical ducts were found to express simultaneously stem cell markers and hepatocytic or biliary lineage markers. Other cells in connective tissue showed c-kit expression, but not hepatic or biliary marker expression. The data show the presence of different cell populations bearing stem cell markers in human hepatoblastoma. Ductal cells co-expressing stem cell markers and hepatic lineage markers phenotypically resemble hepatic stem-like cells. These findings support the thesis that stem cells play a role in the histogenesis of hepatoblastoma. 相似文献
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肠道上皮细胞系是人体细胞更新最快的组织,更新速率甚至远远超过了肿瘤组织,这种无与伦比的更新速率如同一把双刃剑,一方面可以迅速的更新和修复肠粘膜,另一方面却大大增加了肠道细胞恶化的易感性。Wnt信号、Notch信号、BMP信号都参与了隐窝干细胞增殖分化的平衡,它们中任何一个组分发生突变或异常都将会导致结肠癌的发生。结肠癌的发生很可能是肠隐窝干细胞分化受阻的结果,隐窝干细胞是致瘤起始事件或突变的标靶。 相似文献
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Cecilie Jonsgar Sandberg Gabriel Altschuler Jieun Jeong Kirsten Kierulf Strømme Biljana Stangeland Wayne Murrell Unn-Hilde Grasmo-Wendler Ola Myklebost Eirik Helseth Einar Osland Vik-Mo Winston Hide Iver A. Langmoen 《Experimental cell research》2013
Glioblastoma is the most common brain tumor. Median survival in unselected patients is <10 months. The tumor harbors stem-like cells that self-renew and propagate upon serial transplantation in mice, although the clinical relevance of these cells has not been well documented. We have performed the first genome-wide analysis that directly relates the gene expression profile of nine enriched populations of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) to five identically isolated and cultivated populations of stem cells from the normal adult human brain. Although the two cell types share common stem- and lineage-related markers, GSCs show a more heterogeneous gene expression. We identified a number of pathways that are dysregulated in GSCs. A subset of these pathways has previously been identified in leukemic stem cells, suggesting that cancer stem cells of different origin may have common features. Genes upregulated in GSCs were also highly expressed in embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. We found that canonical Wnt-signaling plays an important role in GSCs, but not in adult human neural stem cells. As well we identified a 30-gene signature highly overexpressed in GSCs. The expression of these signature genes correlates with clinical outcome and demonstrates the clinical relevance of GSCs. 相似文献