(Na++K+)-adenosinetriphosphatase in the brain of Shiverer (Shi/Shi) mice

The myelin-deficient Shiverer (Shi/Shi) mutant mouse may be a useful model in assessing the dependence of brain (Na⁺+K⁺)-ATPase concentration and composition on myelin membrane formation. Brain microsomal membranes from age-matched control (+/+) and Shiverer (Shi/Shi) mice were fractionated by differential centrifugation and sucrose gradient sedimentation. No reduction in (Na⁺+K⁺)-ATPase specific activity was measured in whole homogenates, high-and low-speed fractions or gradient fractions from brains of Shi/Shi mice as compared to those of +/+ mice. In addition, sodium dodecylsulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblotting with antisera specific for mouse brain (Na⁺+K⁺)-ATPase revealed no significant difference in catalytic subunit composition between fractions of +/+ and Shi/Shi brains. The similar results obtained for both +/+ and myelin-deficient Shi/Shi mice suggest that myelin contributes little to total brain (Na⁺+K⁺)-ATPase.     

金刺梨果实和叶中酚类、Vc含量及其抗氧化能力分析

为了解贵州金刺梨（Rosa sterilis D.Shi）果实和叶片中的活性成分及其抗氧化活性,以贵州普定县金刺梨种植基地的果实和叶片为试材,测定其活性成分含量及其抗氧化活性,并对各项指标进行相关性分析。结果显示：没食子酸、芦丁、槲皮素、儿茶素、鞣花酸、绿原酸、阿魏酸是供试金刺梨果实和叶片的主要酚类成分,金刺梨果实和叶片中活性组分差异显著（P<0.05）,果实中p-香豆酸、总黄酮和抗坏血酸的含量相对较高,而叶片中没食子酸、儿茶素、绿原酸、表儿茶素、阿魏酸、鞣花酸、芦丁、槲皮素和总酚含量均高于果实;金刺梨果实抗氧化活性值均显著高于叶片（P<0.05）;相关性分析发现：总黄酮对总还原力（TRPA）值的贡献极强,抗坏血酸对Fe³⁺还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）值贡献最强,槲皮素对ABTS值的贡献最强,说明金刺梨果实和叶片是一种具有较高开发价值的药食同源资源。     

Genetic characterization of brown meagre (Sciaena umbra) and Shi Drum (Umbrina cirrosa) populations

This study analyzed population structure of fish, brown meagre (Sciaena umbra) and Shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa) from the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea. The Cytb and 16S rRNA genes of Shi drum and brown meagre fish were sequenced. In brown meagre and Shi drum, 25 and 20 haplotypes, respectively, of Cytb gene were identified; while for 16S rRNA, 4 and 8 haplotypes were identified. Nucleotide diversities of 16S rRNA and Cytb gene sites were found to be 83.8% and 52.6%, respectively, for brown meagre; while that for Shi drum were of 80.5% and 73.6%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between geographic distance and the genetic distance of the fish. Since Shi drum and brown meagre are migratory species, they can migrate between the seas. The lack of barriers among different populations facilitates the gene flow among the populations belonging to different regions. Since there is no information available on Shi drum and brown meagre population genetics, this study may be useful to understand the genetic diversity of these species to assist fishery managers for the management of these resources in terms of conservation and sustainability.     

净石灵胶囊联合体外冲击波碎石术治疗复杂性肾结石临床疗效分析

目的:探讨净石灵胶囊联合体外冲击波碎石术治疗复杂性肾结石临床疗效。方法:选取2010年1月-2011年12月在我院就诊的复杂性肾结石患者83例,随机分为体外冲击波碎石术组、经皮肾镜碎石取石组、净石灵胶囊联合体外冲击波碎石术组。观察两组间的手术时间、碎石率、疗效以及组内之间不同直径的结石的碎石率。结果:ESWL组碎石成功率85.3%,PCNL组碎石成功率90.0%,净石灵胶囊联合体外冲击波碎石术组碎石成功率89.7%,三组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);ESWL组手术时间(40.2±6.3)min,PCNL组手术时间(46.6±4.1)min,净石灵胶囊联合体外冲击波碎石术组手术时间(42.2±5.7)min,三组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);ESWL组、PCNL组、净石灵胶囊联合体外冲击波碎石术组治疗复杂性肾结石的有效率依次为75.0%、80.0%、97.4%,组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);ESWL组5<10mm、10<15mm、15<20mm直径的肾结石的粉碎率依为100%、85.7%、40%,组内比较具有统计学意义(P<0.01),PCNL组5<10mm、10<15mm、15<20mm直径的肾结石的粉碎率依次为100%、83.3%、75%,组内比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05),净石灵胶囊联合体外冲击波碎石术组5<10mm、10<15mm、15<20mm直径的肾结石的粉碎率依次为100%、88.9%、57.1%,组内比较具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:体净石灵胶囊联合体外冲击波碎石术治疗复杂性肾结石的临床疗效优于单纯运用体外冲击波碎石术或经皮肾镜碎石取石术。     

美味猕猴桃优良株系“实美”的生物学特性观测

通过对美味猕猴桃优良株系“实美”的物候期、开花结果习性、果实生长发育规律的观测和研究 ,为其栽培管理和推广工作提供科学依据。     

Potential effect of the global warming to the subfamily Lipotactinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in China and acoustics data of Lipotactes truncatus Shi & Li, 2009

Species in the subfamily Lipotactinae are brachypterous with a small body and have limited dispersal ability. In this study, it’s the first time to describe the male calling song of Lipotactes truncatus Shi & Li, 2009. MaxEnt was used to predict the potential geographic distribution of Lipotactinae in present-day and year 2070, in order to explore responses to global warming of this subfamily in China. As for L. truncatus, two types of calling songs are observed with the peak frequencies in the ultrasound range. With the trend of global warming, the suitable habitats of the subfamily Lipotactinae will change in three ways: i) migrate to high latitude area; ii) migrate to the coastal region of south China; iii) migrate along altitude gradients in mountains. Some species will be locked into the “sky islands”, which will accelerate speciation process, with global warming.     

中国鱼子菜科植物的分类

记述了中国产鱼子菜科(Lemaneaceae)的2属6个种,即鱼子菜属(Lemanea Bory)的中华鱼子菜(L.sinensiaJao)、粗壮鱼子菜(L.crassa S.L.Xie et Z.X.Shi)、分枝鱼子菜(L.ramosa S.L.Xie et Z.X.Shi)、单鱼子菜(L.simplex Jao)和拟鱼子菜属(Paralemanea(Silva)Vis et Sheath)的链状拟鱼子菜(P.catenata(Kützng)Vis et Sheath)、小型拟鱼子菜(P.parvula(Sirodot)S.L.Xie et Z.X.Shi).其中,拟鱼子菜属为中国新记录属,粗壮鱼子菜和分枝鱼子菜为新种,链状拟鱼子菜和小型拟鱼子菜为中国新记录种.     

Three new species and one new combination of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gypsoplaca</Emphasis> (lichenized Ascomycota) from the Hengduan Mountains in China

Three new species are described as follows: Gypsoplaca alpina H. X. Shi and Li S. Wang, G. bullata H. X. Shi and Li S. Wang, and G. rosulata H. X. Shi, Li S. Wang, and Timdal sp. nov. Gypsoplaca alpina is characterized by a small thallus, upper cortex with very thick gelatinized layer, ascocarp warty with a cerebriform ridging, and by growing on soil in alpine meadows. Gypsoplaca bullata characterized by having bullate ascocarp, uneven to bullate thallus. Gypsoplaca rosulata is characterized by rosulate thallus and 4–6-spored asci. The new combination Gypsoplaca blastidiata (Zhurb) H. X. Shi and Li S. Wang comb. & stat. nov. is proposed. A phylogenetic tree is established, based on combined sequences of ITS and nrLSU, and all species formed monophyletic clades. Two main chemical compounds, brialmontin and sesterterpenes, are reported for the first time from Gypsoplaca by analysis of NMR and MS data. Triterpenoids are absent in Chinese Gypsoplaca specimens.     

Sound production by the Shi drum Umbrina cirrosa and comparison with the brown meagre Sciaena umbra: a passive acoustic monitoring perspective

Sounds produced by the Shi drum Umbrina cirrosa were short trains of pulses with an average pulse period of 180 ms, pulse duration of c. 40 ms and an average peak frequency of 400 Hz; average values of acoustical properties differed from those recorded from the brown meagre Sciaena umbra in previous studies. The present study provides a preliminary tool for discriminating between these two species while conducting passive acoustic monitoring. The potential effects of ontogeny on sound production in both species are discussed and recommendations are made for further research.