牛膝根化学成分研究

为了解中药材牛膝(Achyranthes bidentata Blume)根中的有效成分,用色谱技术从牛膝根中分离得到12个化合物。经波谱分析分别鉴定为:水龙骨甾酮B(1),shidasterone(2),齐墩果酸(3),齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸-6′-O-甲酯(4),竹节参苷Ⅳa甲酯(5),N-顺式阿魏酰基酪胺(6),N-顺式阿魏酰-3-甲氧基酪胺(7),N-反式阿魏酰基酪胺(8),N-反式阿魏酰-3-甲氧基酪胺(9),(9E)-8,11,12-三羟基-十八碳烯酸(10),(9E)-8,11,12-三羟基-十八碳烯酸甲酯(11)和亚油酸(12)。其中化合物2、6、7和10~12为首次从牛膝中分离得到。这有利于对牛膝根进行更好地开发利用。     

九头狮子草化学成分的研究

从九头狮子草种分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为:正十八烷(1)、cholest-5-en-3β-oxyl hexadecanoate(2)、硬脂酸(3)、软脂酸(4)、三十三烷醇(5)、β-谷甾醇(6)β-谷甾醇和豆甾醇的混合物(7)、β-谷甾醇和豆甾醇的葡萄糖苷(8)、尿囊素(9).其中化合物1～5系首次从本植物中分得.     

盐地碱蓬的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、聚酰胺、Sephadex LH-20等色谱方法从盐地碱蓬乙醇提取液中分离得到6个化合物,分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(1)、胡萝卜苷(2)、没食子酸(3)、槲皮素(4)、槲皮素-3-O--β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)和苯甲醇-β-D-吡喃糖苷(6).以上化合物均为首次从碱蓬属植物中分离得到.     

延胡索的化学成分研究(英文)

采用现代分离技术和方法,从延胡索根茎中分离得到17个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定其结构。包括11个生物碱类化合物,二氢白屈菜红碱(1)、去氢紫堇碱(2)、四氢非洲防己胺(3)、异紫堇球碱(4)、紫堇碱(5)、四氢黄连碱(6)、药根碱(7)、黄连碱(8)、小檗碱(12)、巴马汀(13)和延胡索乙素(14);2个蒽醌类化合物,大黄素(9)和大黄素甲醚(10);1个三萜类化合物,即3β-羟基-齐墩果烷-111,3(18)-二烯-28-酸(11)和3个甾醇类化合物,豆甾醇(15)、β-谷甾醇(16)和胡萝卜苷(17)。其中,化合物9～11首次从该属植物中分离得到,1首次从该种中分离得到。     

金鱼藻的化学成分

从金鱼藻( Ceratophyllum demersum L .) 全草的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了其中7 个, 分别为: 苜蓿素-7- O-β- D-葡萄糖苷( 1) , naringenin-7- O-β- D-葡萄糖苷(2 ) , 七叶内酯(3) , β-谷甾醇(4 ) , 7α-羟基-β-谷甾醇(5) , 7α-甲氧基-β-谷甾醇(6) , 十六碳脂肪酸(7) 。化合物(3) 为首次从金鱼藻中分离得到。     

壮药一匹绸根茎的化学成分

采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20柱层析及HPLC色谱技术对壮药一匹绸根茎化学成份进行分离和纯化,从其石油醚部位和乙酸乙酯部位分离并鉴定了15个化合物,分别鉴定为东莨菪亭(1)、东莨菪苷(2)、橙黄胡椒酰胺(3)、N-反式-p-香豆酰基酪胺(4)、咖啡酸(5)、咖啡酸甲酯(6)、咖啡酸乙酯(7)、水杨酸(8)、3,7-二羟基-5,4'-二甲氧基黄酮(9)、木栓酮(10)、表木栓醇(11)、十六烷酸(12)、十六烷酸甘油酯(13)、β-谷甾醇(14)、胡萝卜苷(15)。其中,化合物1~13为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

云南吴萸化学成分研究

首次从云南吴萸中分离并鉴定了4个化合物,即吴茱萸碱(1)、吴茱萸次碱(2)、β谷甾醇(3)和齐墩果酸(4)。     

北豆根的化学成分研究

从北豆根中分离得到13个化合物,通过波谱数据和理化性质分别鉴定为:蝙蝠葛宁碱(1)、蝙蝠葛波酚碱(2)、6-O-去甲蝙蝠葛波酚碱(3)、蝙蝠葛啡诺林碱(4)、蝙蝠葛任碱(5)、木兰碱(6)、尖防己碱(7)、N-去甲尖防己碱(8)、N-去甲-N-甲酰基去氢荷叶碱(9)、表小檗碱(10)、对羟基苯乙基反式阿魏酸酯(11)、β-谷甾醇(12)、胡萝卜苷(13),以上化合物中9～11为首次从蝙蝠葛属中分离得到。     

狗脊化学成分及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶生物活性研究北大核心CSCD

采用多种分离方法从狗脊(Woodwardia japonica)乙醇提取物中分离纯化出7个化合物,经现代波谱分析将它们的结构分别鉴定为3-O-[6’-O-(9Z-二十碳酰)-β-D-葡萄糖酰]-谷甾醇(1)、β-谷甾醇-3-O-α-L-(6’-O-正十六酰基)-葡萄糖苷(2)、β-谷甾醇(3)、狗脊酸(4)、胡萝卜苷(5)、山柰素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(6)和山柰素-3-O-α-L-(4-O-乙酰基)-鼠李糖基-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(7)。其中化合物1的结构还未见报道。乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性测试表明化合物4具有一定抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。     

广西九里香根部的化学成分

从广西九里香根中分离到两个咔吧唑生物碱和一个甾醇,经波谱方法鉴定为九里香叶甲碱(1),九里香碱(2)和β-谷甾醇。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.