甘肃莲花山自然保护区栗背岩鹨的繁殖生态初步观察

2001年7月在甘肃省莲花山自然保护区,对栗背岩鹨的繁殖习性作了考察,详细记述了这种鸟的4个巢,并报道了该鸟的声谱及其幼鸟的形态。     

陕西省鸟类新纪录——栗背岩鹨

2007年1月21日,在秦岭南坡陕西佛坪国家级自然保护区三官庙地区进行野外巡护监测时,于海拔2000m庙梁子附近的落叶阔叶林观察并拍摄到未知名的鸟一只.经查阅资料,确认为栗背岩鹨(Prunella immaculata)成体,为陕西省新纪录.     

陕西省鸟类新纪录——栗背岩鹨

2007年6月11日,在陕西秦岭太白山南坡海拔3150m的药王殿(N33°55′40″,E107°46′02″)进行鸟类调查时,捕获1只雌性成体栗背岩鹨(Prunella immaculata)。其主要特征描述如下:额苍白,头顶深灰色,头侧、颈侧、颏和胸灰色。背、肩、下背暗栗色。尾暗灰褐色,两翅暗褐色。腹至尾下覆羽栗红色。虹膜外圈橙色,内圈黄色;嘴黑色;脚肉色。量衡度为体重19g,体长138.5mm,嘴峰11mm,翅76mm,尾56mm,跗23mm。标本保存于陕西省动物研究所,采集号:太白山270。栖息地为稀疏的太白红杉(Larixchinensis)林,林下着生高山草甸和灌丛。该鸟具明显的孵卵斑,解剖…     

棕背伯劳的生态观察

本文作者于1980—1987年,在江苏省的扬州地区,对棕背伯劳的生态进行了初步观察。其内容包括栖息地,种群数量统计,棕背伯劳全年食性的初步分析。及棕背伯劳在苏北南部每年3—7月为繁殖期,每年繁殖1—2次,每窠产卵4—8枚,多数6枚,孵卵雌鸟为主,雄鸟守卫在巢区附近的丛林中。如在孵卵期中巢被毁,棕背伯劳尚能应用旧巢材,重建新巢,补产卵一窠。孵卵期约为12—14天。     

贵州鸟类科的新纪录——岩鹨科(棕胸岩鹨)

2009年3月,在贵州宽阔水自然保护区发现并环志了4只棕胸岩鹨(Prunella strophiata)。此次发现为岩鹨科鸟类在贵州的首次正式记录。本文报道了其形态特征和量度,并对该物种的分布状况进行了讨论。     

山噪鹛的生态观察

山噪鹛是甘肃山地留鸟,4—8月繁殖,巢筑于灌木或小乔木横枝上,每窝产蓝绿色卵3—4枚。仅雌鸟孵卵,孵卵期15天。雌、雄共同育雏,育雏期15—16天。对雏鸟的生长过程亦作了简要记述。     

棕眉山岩鹨冬季生态的初步观察

本文作者于1982—1984年的1—4月和10—12月,在山西省庞泉沟自然保护区,对棕眉山岩鹨的冬季生态进行了初步观察。其内容包括季节迁徒、栖息地、总体数量及棕眉山岩鹨在越冬期间的数量波动,并对其冬季话动节律和冬季的食物组成进行了初步分析。     

青岛地区暗绿绣眼鸟繁殖生态研究

暗绿绣眼鸟每年４月２０日迁来，５月中下旬筑巢，筑巢期７天。筑巢期间交配，巢成后即产卵。每窝产卵４枚，年产１窝。孵卵期１０天。雏鸟均在孵卵期的最后一上小时内全部出壳。经亲鸟喂食１１天，雏鸟出飞离巢。     

山西省代县小鸊鷉繁殖生物学的研究

１９８５—１９９４年的３—１１月,在山西省代县对小鸊鷉的繁殖生物学进行了研究。该鸟在山西省为夏候鸟,每年最早３月６日迁来,最晚１１月２４日迁离,居留期为２５５天左右。种群密度在繁殖前的４月为１．３７,繁殖后的９月为１．９５（只／ｈａ）。产卵始期为５月２７日,日产１枚,窝卵数５—８枚,产出第二枚卵时开始孵卵。观察到最早孵卵期为５月２８日,孵卵期２０－２２ｄ。雏鸟出壳先后顺序与产卵先后顺序相一致,孵化率为９５．４５％,雏鸟为早成鸟。     

山西省代县小PiTi繁殖生物学的研究

１９８５－１９９４年的３－１１月,在山西省代县对小ＰｉＴｉ的繁殖生物学进行了研究。该鸟在山西省为夏候鸟,每年最虫３月６日迁来,最晚１１月２４日迁离,居留期为２５５天左右。种群密度在繁殖前的４月为１．３７,繁殖后的９月为１．９５（只／ｈａ）。产卵始期为５月２７日,日产１枚,窝卵数５－８枚,产出第二枚卵时开始孵卵。观察到最早孵卵期为５月２８日,孵卵期为２０－２２ｄ。雏鸟出壳先后顺序与产卵先后顺序相一致     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.