卵翅蝗属云南省二新种记述(直翅目,斑腿蝗科)

记述采自云南省的卵翅蝗属Caryanda 2新种:抱须卵翅蝗Caryanda amplexicerca sp.nov.和犁须卵翅蝗Caryanda cultricerca sp.nov..模式标本保存于西南林学院.抱须卵翅蝗,新种Caryanda amplexicerca sp.nov.(图1～4,9～12)新种近似方板卵翅蝗Caryanda quadrata Bi et Xia,1984.区别是:1)前翅明显超过第1腹节背板后缘;2)后足股节橙红色,胫节蓝绿色;3)雄性尾须片状,侧扁,顶端明显向内向下弯曲,呈抱握状;4)雌性下生殖板后缘中央圆弧形突出.词源:新种命名根据雄性具有抱握状的尾须.正模(♂),云南省个旧卡房(23°22'N,103°09'E),2100m,2006-09-03,柳青采集;副模20(♂)(♂),18♀♀,同正模.犁须卵翅蝗,新种Caryanda cultricerca sp.nov.(图5～8,13～16)新种近似三齿卵翅蝗Caryanda triodonta Fu et Zheng,1994.区别是:1)前翅长雄性2.5～3.6 mm,雌性3.0～3.8 mm;2)雄性尾须犁状;3)雌性下生殖板后缘具三突,中突钝角形,两侧突顶圆,翘起.词源:新种命名根据雄性具有犁状的尾须.正模(♂),云南省临沧永德(23°53'N,100°05'E),2060m,2006-08-17,柳青采集;副模17(♂)(♂),8♀♀,同正模.     

云南省卵翅蝗属一新种(直翅目,斑腿蝗科)

记述采自云南省普洱地区卵翅蝗属1新种,即圆板卵翅蝗Caryanda cyclata sp.nov.,新种近似于方板卵翅蝗Caryanda quadrata Bi et Xia,1984,主要区别为:1)雄性肛上板盾形,后缘圆弧形;2)雌性下生殖板后缘具3齿;3)雌性前翅超过第1腹节背板后缘;4)雄性尾片及肛上板两侧缘非黑色;5)雄性尾须黑色;6)前翅黑色;7)后足股节端半部橙红色;8)后足胫节青兰色.模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室.     

云南卵翅蝗属二新种(直翅目,蝗总科)

记述卵翅蝗属Caryanda St(a)tl,1878 2新种,印氏卵翅蝗Caryanda yini Mao et Ren,sp.nov.和尾齿卵翅蝗Caryanda dentata Mao et Ou,sp.nov.;为便于比较补充记述了上述2种的近似种德宏卵翅蝗Caryanda dehongensis Mao,Xu et Yang,2003的雄性外生殖器.模式标本及本文使用的其它标本均保存于大理学院生命科学与化学学院.     

中国贵州舟形蝗属一新种(直翅目,蝗总科,斑腿蝗科,卵翅蝗亚科)

记述了采自贵州的舟形蝗属l新种,模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.贵州舟形蝗,新种Lemba guizhouensis sp.nov.(图l～4)新种同叉尾舟形蝗Lemba bituberculata Yin et Liu,1987近似,区别特征为:前胸腹板突扁锥形,不向后弯曲;前胸背板沟前区长为沟后区长的1.7倍;前翅较短,仅达腹部第2节中部;肛上板长大于宽;下生殖板较短,其超出肛上板部分的长度短于肛上板;尾片褐色.新种也同云南舟形蝗Lemba yunnana Ma et Zheng,1994近似,区别特征为:前胸腹板突扁锥形,不向后弯曲;中胸腹板侧叶中隔长约为最狭处的3倍;尾须长度超过肛上板的后缘;肛上板顶端较尖;下生殖板顶端平.正模♂,贵州绥阳宽阔水(28° 17′N,107° ll′E;海拔800 m),2010-08-11,智永超采.词源:新种种名源自模式标本采集地地名.     

龙州蝗属分类研究及一新种记述（直翅目：斑腿蝗科）

系统研究了龙州蝗属,共记述10种,其中包括1新种,即贵州龙州蝗Longzhouacris guizhouensis sp.nov.,该新种近似于斑角龙州蝗L.annulicornis Lu,LiYou,2000,主要区别为:1)前胸背板沟前区长为沟后区长的2.16倍;2)前翅到达第3腹节背板中部;3)后足跗节爪间中垫长为爪长的1.5倍;4)雄性尾片三角形,顶尖;5)触角基半黄褐色,端半暗褐色;6)前翅前半黑褐色,后半淡褐色;7)后足胫节黄绿色。文中附有分种检索表。新种的模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室。     

中国湖南蹦蝗属一新种（直翅目：斑腿蝗科：秃蝗亚科）

记述采自中国湖南的蹦蝗属Sinopodisma Chang,1940一新种。新种湖南蹦蝗Sinopodisma hunanensis sp.nov.同笋子山蹦蝗S.sunzishanensis Zheng,Shi et Chen,1994近似,区别特征为前胸背板沟前区为沟后区长的2.3倍;中胸腹板中隔长为最狭处的2倍;前翅超出腹部第1节背板的后缘;后足股节黄褐色;阳茎基背片锚状突高于前突。模式标本保存于河北大学自然博物馆。     

中国青海省缺沟蝗属一新种(直翅目,蝗总科,网翅蝗科,网翅蝗亚科)

记述采自中国青海省网翅蝗科缺沟蝗属Asulconotus Ying,1974的1新种:久治缺沟蝗Asulconotus jiuzhiensis sp.nov.新种同青海缺沟蝗Asukonotus chinghaiensis Ying,1974近似,其区别特征为:前翅较长,雄性到达腹部第3节背板后缘,长为宽的4.3倍,雌性到达腹部第2节背板后缘,长为宽的4.6倍;雄性下生殖板较短,长为肛上板长的的1.6倍;雌性产卵瓣较短,上产卵瓣长为宽的2.5倍.新种同科氏缺沟蝗Asulconotus kozlovi Mistshenko,1981也近似,其区别特征为:雌性复眼较小,短于眼下沟之长度;前翅较长,到达腹部第2节背板后缘,长为宽的4.6倍;产卵瓣较长,上产卵瓣长为宽的2.5倍,边缘光滑.正模♂,青海久治(33°22′N.101°30′E;海拔3648m),2011-08-23,郑方强、叶保华采.副模:2♂ ♂,2♀ ♀,记录同正模.模式标本保存于山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安.词源:新种种名源自采集地地名.     

中国原无翅蝗属一新种(直翅目,斑腿蝗科)

记述采自吉林省长白山地区原无翅蝗属Eozubovskya1新种,即长尾片原无翅蝗Eozubovskya longifurcula sp.nov.。新种近似于平尾原无翅蝗Eozubovskya planicaudata(Zhang et Jin,1985),主要区别为:1)头顶略凹;2)雄性触角中段1节长为宽的3.2~3.4倍;3)雄性后足股节长为宽的5.5~5.7倍;4)雄性腹部末节背板后缘的尾片长,其长为宽的1.5倍;5)雄性阳具基背片的桥前缘弧形内凹,后缘略呈弧形。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室。     

金色蝗属的分类研究及一新种记述（直翅目: 剑角蝗科）

本文记述采自内蒙古贺兰山地区金色蝗属Chrysacris 1新种, 即白纹金色蝗Chrysacris albonemus Zheng, Zhang et Zeng sp. nov. 该新种近似于山间金色蝗Chrysacris montanis Zhang et Zheng, 1993, 主要区别为: 1)头顶及头部背面具中隆线; 2)前胸背板沟前区长为沟后区长的1.6~1.8倍; 3)前翅前缘脉域宽为中脉域宽的1.5~2倍。附有金色蝗属分种检索表。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室。     

中国贵州省小翅蝗属一新种(直翅目,斑腿蝗科)

记述采自贵州省小翅蝗属1新种,黑条小翅蝗Alulacris nigristriatis sp.nov..新种近似于石林小翅蝗Alulacris shilinensis(Cheng,1977),主要区别为:1)雄性尾须近端部明显收缩变细;2)雄性腹部末节背板具细条状小尾片;3)前翅超过(♂)或到达(♀)第2腹节背板后缘;4)具黑色眼后带;5)前翅中部具宽黑色纵条纹;6)后足胫节黑褐色.新种的模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室.     

Biogeographical Divergence of the Flora of Yunnan,Southwestern China Initiated by the Uplift of Himalaya and Extrusion of Indochina Block

The floral composition of Yunnan is conspicuously linked to the biogeographical history of this extremely species-rich province in southwestern China. The floristic compositions of three representative regions in Yunnan were compared to reveal their variation with geography. From southern Yunnan, 4150 native species (including subspecies and varieties) from 1240 genera and 183 families of seed plants were recognized. From central Yunnan 3389 native species from 1095 genera and 167 families of seed plants were recognized. From northwestern Yunnan 6807 native species from 1296 genera and 166 families of seed plants were recognized. Although these three floras across Yunnan are similar in familial composition, similarities between the floras of southern and northwestern Yunnan are low at the generic and specific levels. The flora of northwestern Yunnan is dominated by families and genera with cosmopolitan and north temperate distributions, while the flora of southern Yunnan is dominated by tropical families and genera. Northwestern Yunnan is composed largely of temperate genera, of which the highest proportion has a north temperate distribution. In contrast, southern Yunnan has mainly tropical genera, of which most have a tropical Asian distribution. The flora of central Yunnan is a combination of southern and northwestern Yunnan. These three floras might be derived from a common Tertiary tropical or subtropical East Asian flora, but the geological history of each region has influenced its flora, and they have remained divergent since the late Tertiary. The flora of northwestern Yunnan has evolved with the uplift of the Himalayas and by gradual proliferation of mainly cosmopolitan and north temperate floristic elements, while the flora of southern Yunnan has evolved with extrusion of the Indochina block and the influence of mainly tropical Asian elements.     

滇东南和滇西北国家重点保护野生维管植物比较分析

通过野外考察和资料整理,对《国家重点野生保护植物名录(第一批)》中维管植物在滇东南和滇西北的空间分布及其与保护区设置的相关性进行统计和分析。结果表明:1、滇东南有107种保护植物,占云南分布(144种)的74.31%;滇西北53种,占云南省的36.81%;2、滇东南和滇西北保护植物种类垂直分布均呈单峰曲线,滇东南集中分布在海拔1008m附近(RSE=0.9919),滇西北主要在2 360 m附近(RNW=0.9656);3、县级水平的自然保护区设置权重与国家I级(Pearson指数,rI=0.724)和Ⅱ级(rⅡ=0.643)保护植物种类在滇东南均呈极显著的正相关性(P0.01),而在滇西北相关性(rI=0.464;rⅡ=0.410)差异均不显著(P0.05)。滇东南保护植物较滇西北丰富,滇东南保护区设置较滇西北更有利于对保护植物的有效保护。     

云南植物区系的起源与演化

云南是生物多样性高度富集的地区,其植物种类占中国植物种类的一半以上,几乎包含了欧亚大陆的各种主要植被类型,其错综复杂的生物区系是如何形成与演化的,这个基本问题目前尚未得到解决。本文结合云南的历史地质事件,从植物区系地理学研究上对云南植物区系的起源与演化研究进行了介绍。研究发现,云南植物区系具有一个远古的热带起源背景,在第三纪热带、亚热带性质的东亚植物区系基础上,随着喜马拉雅的隆升,世界性和北温带植物区系成分在北部地区渗透、迅速形成大量物种,使北部地区演化成为现今以世界性和北温带分布的科、属占优势的温带植物区系;在南部地区,因印度支那地质板块向东南亚逃逸,热带亚洲成分渗透、发展,演化成为以热带亚洲成分为主的热带植物区系;云南中部地区第三纪东亚植物区系成分有更多的保持与承袭。对云南南部、中部和北部植物区系系统发育关系(系统发育结构和β多样性格局)的研究支持了植物区系地理学上的推论。此外,思茅-兰坪(印度支那)地质板块自晚始新世以来发生顺时针旋转可能导致了云南西北部与云南东南部一些物种对应分布格局的形成;云南南部与东南部热带地区的植物区系可能因具有不同的地质背景和演化历程而发生了显著的生物地理分异。在晚第三纪各地质事件的影响下,云南植物区系在一个热带、亚热带性质的第三纪东亚植物区系基础上发生了歧化,演化成为现今的南-北、东-西生物地理分异明显的植物区系。     

云南水龙骨科隐子蕨亚科植物区系地理研究

对云南水龙骨科隐子蕨亚科植物的区系地理进行了研究。云南水龙骨科隐子蕨亚科植物的地理成分已进行了划分,与邻近地区的区系联系也进行了比较,其区系起源也作了探讨。结果表明(1)云南是中国水龙骨科隐子蕨亚科植物的现代地理分布中心;(2)云南至喜马拉雅地区是水龙骨科隐子蕨亚科植物区系的分化中心;(3)云南水龙骨科隐子蕨亚科植物区系与四川、喜马拉雅地区和西藏的区系联系最密切;(4)水龙骨科隐子蕨亚科植物的起源中心可能在亚洲热带地区,但其分化中心则可能在云南西北部至喜马拉雅地区。最后列出云南水龙骨科隐子蕨亚科植物的系统名录。     

云南主要有害实蝇种类及区划

采用诱剂诱捕辅以受害瓜果调查的方法,系统梳理了云南有害实蝇类群,确定主要有害种类25种。基于云南自然地理特征,采用聚类分析法深入探讨了云南实蝇区系,提出云南实蝇地理区划可分为德宏、版纳盆谷区,南部边缘中低山宽谷区,滇西南山原峡谷区,中东部高原、岩溶山原区以及北部高原山地区等5大区域。研究发现,受热量条件制约,云南主要有害实蝇类群呈南北向梯度递减;受纵向岭谷区"通道-阻隔"综合作用影响,云南西南部河谷地区是实蝇危害较为严重的区域。首次系统揭示了云南主要有害实蝇的地理分布规律。     

云南木兰科植物物种资源及其种质库的研究

1980～1993年期间,在对云南省木兰科植物调查中,发现云南省有木兰科植物11属120余种并较集中地分布于滇东南,滇西南和滇西北地区。为了保存、发展和利用木兰科植物资源,建立了三个种质库基地,在24 hm 2面积内,共保存10属129种,初步建立起木兰科种质库网络。     

云南省粘虫二代虫源探讨

首先设定常年有一代粘虫发生的印度北部、云南省和我国江淮地区为云南省粘虫主害代（二代）的可能虫源地。然后,讨论各个可能虫源地一代粘虫发生量及迁出时期空中走廊气流方向和强度对云南省二代粘虫发生量的影响;分析云南二代粘虫迁入期与各个一代区成虫迁出期的对应关系。结果表明：云南二代粘虫虫源主要来自于江淮地区一代粘虫发生区;小部分来自于云南一代粘虫发生区,但其基数甚小,仅此成分不致造成对作物的危害;没有包含印度一代粘虫的成分。此结论在1994～1995年的异地测报应用中得到验证。     

Contribution to knowledge of the genus Chydaeus in Xizang Autonomous Region [Tibet] and Yunnan Province, China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Harpalini)

Five new species of the genus Chydaeus Chaudoir, 1854 are described from China: Chydaeus fugongensissp. n. (Shibali, Fugong County, Yunnan Province), Chydaeus gutangensissp. n. (Gutang, Medog County, Xizang Autonomous Region [Tibet]), Chydaeus hanmiensissp. n. (Hanmi, Medog County, Xizang Autonomous Region [Tibet]), Chydaeus asetosussp. n. (NE of Fugong, Yunnan Province), and Chydaeus baoshanensissp. n. (N of Baoshan, Yunnan Province). Taxonomic and faunistic notes on eleven other species occurring in Xizang and Yunnan are also provided. Chydaeus shunichii Ito, 2006 is re-described, based on specimens from Lushui County, Yunnan. Chydaeus kumei Ito, 1992 is treated as a subspecies of Chydaeus andrewesi Schauberger, 1932 [NEW STATUS]. The taxonomic status of Chydaeus guangxiensis Ito, 2006 is discussed. The following taxa are recorded from China for the first time: Chydaeus obtusicollis Schauberger, 1932 (Xizang and Yunnan), Chydaeus malaisei Kataev & Schmidt, 2006 (Yunnan), Chydaeus semenowi (Tschitschérine, 1899) (Xizang and Yunnan), Chydaeus andrewesi andrewesi Schauberger, 1932 (Xizang and Yunnan), Chydaeus andrewesi kumei Ito (Yunnan), Chydaeus bedeli interjectus Kataev & Schmidt, 2002 (Xizang), and Chydaeus bedeli vietnamensis Kataev & Schmidt, 2002 (Yunnan).     

红火蚁入侵云南10年的发生状况与防控策略探析

重大危险性入侵害虫红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren在云南已发生10年了,本文基于2013年12月至2022年6月云南省植保植检站统计报表统计数据,分析了红火蚁在云南的分布情况、发生现状,总结了防控成效及存在的主要问题,并对解决这些问题提出了一些建议,以期对云南省红火蚁的防控提供参考。     

Cenozoic plant diversity of Yunnan: A review

Yunnan in southwestern China is renowned for its high plant diversity. To understand how this modern botanical richness formed, it is critical to investigate the past biodiversity throughout the geological time. In this review, we present a summary on plant diversity, floristics and climates in the Cenozoic of Yunnan and document their changes, by compiling published palaeobotanical sources. Our review demonstrates that thus far a total of 386 fossil species of ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms belonging to 170 genera within 66 families have been reported from the Cenozoic, particularly the Neogene, of Yunnan. Angiosperms display the highest richness represented by 353 species grouped into 155 genera within 60 families, with Fagaceae, Fabaceae, Lauraceae and Juglandaceae being the most diversified. Most of the families and genera recorded as fossils still occur in Yunnan, but seven genera have disappeared, including Berryophyllum, Cedrelospermum, Cedrus, Palaeocarya, Podocarpium, Sequoia and Wataria. The regional extinction of these genera is commonly referred to an aridification of the dry season associated with Asian monsoon development. Floristic analyses indicate that in the late Miocene, Yunnan had three floristic regions: a northern subtropical floristic region in the northeast, a subtropical floristic region in the east, and a tropical floristic region in the southwest. In the late Pliocene, Yunnan saw two kinds of floristic regions: a subalpine floristic region in the northwest, and two subtropical floristic regions separately in the southwest and the eastern center. These floristic concepts are verified by results from our areal type analyses which suggest that in the Miocene southwestern Yunnan supported the most Pantropic elements, while in the Pliocene southwestern Yunnan had abundant Tropical Asia (Indo–Malaysia) type and East Asia and North America disjunct type that were absent from northwestern Yunnan. From the late Miocene to late Pliocene through to the present, floristic composition and vegetation types changed markedly, presumably in response to altitude changes and coeval global cooling. An integration of palaeoclimate data suggests that during the Neogene Yunnan was warmer and wetter than today. Moreover, northern Yunnan witnessed a pronounced temperature decline, while southern Yunnan experienced only moderate temperature changes. Summer precipitation was consistently higher than winter precipitation, suggesting a rainfall seasonality. This summary on palaeoclimates helps us to understand under what conditions plant diversity occurred and evolved in Yunnan throughout the Cenozoic.