中国四川省妙蝇属(双翅目:蝇科)三新种

报道采自四川省西部山区蝇科中的妙蝇属Myospila Rondani,18563新种：康定妙蝇Myospila kangdingicasp．nov．,寒妙蝇Myospila frigorasp．nov．,类寒妙蝇Myospila frigoroidasp．nov．。模式标本存于中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所。     

中国妙蝇属五新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报道分布于中国蝇科妙蝇属（Myospila Rondani,1856）的5新种：百色妙蝇（M.boseica sp．nov．）;棕色妙蝇（M.brunnea sp.nov.）;黑股妙蝇（M.nigrifemura sp．nov．）;拟双色妙蝇（M.binoides sp．nov．）;天目妙蝇（M.tiamushanica sp．nov．）。模式标本存北京军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆。     

中国四川西部蝇科五新种（双翅目）

记述采用四川西部山区蝇科5新种：黄肩妙蝇Myospila flavihumera,sp.nov。炎黄肩妙蝇Myospila flavihumeroides,sp.nov.,大雄棘蝇Phaonia daxiongi,sp.nov,,盾叶阳蝇Helina aspidocerca,sp.nov。及世纪阳蝇Helina shijia,sp.nov,模式标本存北京军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆。     

中国四川妙蝇属(Myospila)的分类研究(双翅目:蝇科:圆蝇亚科)

记述蝇科(Muscidae)妙蝇属(Myospila)的主要特征及研究现状;编制了中国四川已知的22种的检索表,并报道其中的1个新种:仿移妙蝇(Myospila mimelongata Feng,sp.nov.)。新种模式标本存于中国科学院上海植物生理生态研究所昆虫博物馆。     

中国贵州妙蝇属(双翅目,蝇科)研究及净妙蝇群五新种记述(英文)

系贵州地区妙蝇属Myospila Rondani研究的系列论文之一,记述该属1新种群:净妙蝇群M.species-lauta并描述该新种群5新种:冯氏妙蝇M.fengisp.nov.,肖黄基妙蝇M.flavibasisoides sp.nov.,亚黄基妙蝇M.subflavibasis sp.nov.,亚净妙蝇M.sublauta sp.nov.和黄褐妙蝇M.xuthosa sp.nov.。文中给出了净妙蝇群的定义,编制了新种群所有已知种的检索表,描述了新种详细的形态特征及其与近缘种的鉴别特征。新种的模式标本保存于作者所在单位。     

中国贵州妙蝇属(双翅目,蝇科)研究及双色妙蝇群一新种记述(英文)

系贵州地区妙蝇属Myospila Rondani研究的系列论文之一,记述该属1新种群:双色妙蝇群Myospila bina species group并描述新种群1新种:长妙蝇Myospi lalonga sp.nov.。文中给出了双色妙蝇群的定义,编制了新种群所有已知种的检索表,描述了其详细的形态特征及其与近缘种的鉴别特征。新种的模式标本保存于作者所在单位。     

A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE GENUS MYOSPILA RONDANI (DIPTERA, MUSCIDAE) FROM GUIZHOU, CHINA, DESCRIPHONS OF THREE NEW SPECIES BELONGING TO THE NEWLY DEFINED M.FEMORATA-GROUP

系贵州地区妙蝇属Myospila Rondani研究的系列论文之一,记述该属1新种群,黄股妙蝇群Myospila femorata species-group,并描述该新种群3新种:弯端妙蝇Myospila acrula sp.nov.,黄叶妙蝇Myospila flavilobulusa sp.nov.和绯角妙蝇Myospila ruficornica sp.nov.文中给出了黄股妙蝇群的定义,编制了该新种群所有已知8种的检索表,描述了新种详细的形态特征及其与近缘种的鉴别特征.新种的模式标本保存于作者所在单位.     

A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE GENUS MYOSPILA RONDANI (DIPTERA, MUSCIDAE) FROM GUIZHOU, CHINA, AND DESCRIPTIONS OF EIGHT NEW SPECIES BELONGING TO THE NEWLY DEFINED M. TROCHANTERATA-GROUP

系贵州地区妙蝇属Myospila Rondani研究的系列论文之一,记述该属1新种群:转妙蝇群M.species- trochanterata并描述新种群8新种:基妙蝇M.basilara sp.nov.,褐妙蝇M.brunneusa sp.nov.,余妙蝇M.cetera sp.nov.,亚毛眼妙蝇M.paralasiophthulma sp.nov.,亚转妙蝇M.paratrochanterata sp.nov.,亚毛爪妙蝇M.piliungulisoides sp.nov.,亚黄胫妙蝇M.subflavitibia sp.nov.和条妙蝇M.villala sp.nov..文中给出了转妙蝇群的定义,编制了新种群所有已知12种的检索表,描述了新种详细的形态特征及其与近缘种的鉴别特征.另外,还记述了毛爪妙蝇M.piliungulis Xue et Yang,1998和毛眼妙蝇M.lasiophthalma( Emden,1965)两种雌性.新种的模式标本保存于作者所在单位.     

中国贵州妙蝇属(双翅目,蝇科)分类学研究及转妙蝇群八新种记述(英文)

系贵州地区妙蝇属Myospila Rondani研究的系列论文之一,记述该属1新种群:转妙蝇群M. species-trochanterata 并描述新种群8新种:基妙蝇M. basilara sp. nov.,褐妙蝇M.brunneusa sp. nov.,余妙蝇 M. cetera sp. nov.,亚毛眼妙蝇 M.paralasiophthalma sp. nov.,亚转妙蝇M. paratrochanterata sp.nov.,亚毛爪妙蝇M. piliungulisoides sp. nov.,亚黄胫妙蝇 M.subflavitibia sp. nov. 和条妙蝇M. vittata sp. nov.。文中给出了转妙蝇群的定义,编制了新种群所有已知12种的检索表,描述了新种详细的形态特征及其与近缘种的鉴别特征。另外,还记述了毛爪妙蝇M. piliungulis Xue et Yang,1998和毛眼妙蝇M. lasiophthalma(Emden,1965)两种雌性。新种的模式标本保存于作者所在单位。转妙蝇群的鉴别特征雄额狭,不及单眼三角宽,触角黑色;前胸基腹片具毛,小盾片端部或多或少呈淡色,背面的正常毛被不越出缘鬃一线,且下侧缘无向下弯的、或多或少呈淡色的细毛,翅内鬃1+2;沟前内侧中条间一些毛被显著发达。翅的前缘基鳞及翅肩鳞黑色至黑褐色,r1脉背面裸;足的股节不完全呈黄色。在妙蝇属中,本群蝇类并无突出的、独一无二的共有衍征,但在前胸基腹片具毛和小盾片侧腹缘裸的类群中,只有本群蝇类具备上述的特征组合,尤其是前缘基鳞及翅肩鳞黑色至黑褐色,小盾片端部或多或少呈淡色和股节不完全呈黄色这一组特征组合。此外,根据我国学者薛万琦(1996)和冯炎(2007)的描述,作者怀疑产自我国湖南、贵州和四川等地的转妙蝇M.trochanterata Emden(1965)属于2个不同的种,它们均不同于缅甸、印度和尼泊尔等地产的转妙蝇M.trochanterata Emden(1965),因而可能是3个独立的种。转妙蝇群的分种检索表1.雄眼密具黄色毛。前气门黄至褐色,后气门黑褐色。前股黑色,端部黄褐色……………………………………………………………2眼裸或实际裸,其余特征不如上述………………………………52.下后头无黄色毛……………………………………………………3下后头具黄色毛……………………………………………………43.额、颜、下侧颜及颊褐色,略带红色;额宽仅及前单眼宽的1.3倍;翅灰色,透明,绝不带褐色。中、后股黄褐色,前者腹面略带黑色………………………褐妙蝇,新种M.brunneusa sp.nov.额、颜、下侧颜及颊黑褐色,绝不带任何红色;额达单眼三角宽;翅褐色。中股腹面、背面和后股背面分别具褐黑色条条妙蝇,新种M.vittata sp.nov.………………………………………………4.中、后股呈黄褐色,有时中股腹面具黑褐色条毛眼妙蝇M.lasiophthalma(Emden,1965)…………………………………………中、后股黑褐色,端半黄褐色亚毛眼妙蝇,新种M.paralasiophthalma sp.nov.………………………………………………………5.前股除端部黄色外呈黑色,中、后股黄或不完全黄。眼裸或实际裸……………………………………………………………………6前股及中、后股节呈淡铁锈色。眼具零星短毛亚毛眼妙蝇,新种M.paralasiophthalma sp.nov.……………………………………6.中、后股黄褐色……………………………………………………7中、后股不完全呈黄褐色…………………………………………97.雄额较狭,约如前单眼宽的1.5倍;阳茎呈宽的三角形;第5腹板侧叶宽,向外伸展黄胫妙蝇M.flavitibia Guan,Feng et Ma,2007………………………………………………………………………雄额较宽,至少如前单眼宽的2倍;阳茎不呈宽的三角形;第5腹板侧叶狭或宽,端部弯曲或直……………………………………88.转节黑褐色。雄尾器:后面观侧尾叶直,侧面观肛尾叶扁薄,阳茎端部后缘呈角形突出,膜质的端部短三角形;雄第五腹板瘦狭,侧叶显著狭窄,向内弯曲亚黄胫妙蝇,新种M.subflavitibia sp.nov.………………………………………………………………………转节褐色。雄尾器:后面观侧尾叶弯曲,侧面观肛尾叶宽厚,阳茎条形,膜质的端部长条形;第5腹板宽大,侧叶显著宽,向外伸展,决不向内弯曲…………………余妙蝇,新种M.cetera sp.nov.9.后股黄;中股基半黑褐色。雄侧尾叶前缘具平的、其上具3个刺状鬃的突起……亚毛爪妙蝇,新种M.piliungulisoides sp.nov.后股不全黄,至少基部黑褐色;其余特征不如上述……………1010.后股除基部黑褐色外呈黄褐色基妙蝇,新种Myospila basilara sp.nov.………………………………………………………………后股基部2/3褐黄色或黑褐色…………………………………1111.中股基部1/2至2/3褐色;后股基部2/3褐黄色。侧尾叶前缘具尖锐角形突起……毛爪妙蝇M.piliungulis Xue et Yang,1998中股和后股基部2/3黑褐色。侧尾叶前缘具钝平的突起亚转妙蝇,新种M.paratrochanterata sp.nov.………………………1基妙蝇,新种Myospila basilara sp.nov.(图1～4)雄体长约4.5mm。雌不详。眼裸,前内方小眼面显著扩大;额略狭于两后单眼外缘间距;下后头毛黑色。沟前背中鬃列间小毛约10列;气门黑色。足黄褐色,基节和转节黑褐色,跗节黑色,前股约基部2/3黑褐色,中股约基半黑色,后股基部略带黑色。新种类似毛爪妙蝇M.piliungulis Xue et Yang,1998、亚毛爪妙蝇Myospila piliungulisoides sp.nov.和亚转妙蝇M.paratrochanterata sp.nov.等。根据上述检索表这4个种类可予明确而肯定的区别。正模♂,贵州关岭断桥(25°53’N,105°38’E;海拔600m),2008年3月18日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵、金伟等采。副模:1♂,贵州安顺甘堡林场,海拔1250m,2009年2月21～25日,魏濂艨、蒋绍贵、曹维平采;1♂,贵州紫云浪风关林场,海拔1200m,2009年2月25～28日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵、吴建霖、刘美华等采。词源:新种种名源自拉丁词"basilara",意为"基部",在此意指新种后股基部黑褐色。2褐妙蝇,新种Myospila brunneusa sp.nov.(图5～8)雄体长约4.5mm。雌未采获标本。眼具黄色密毛,前内方小眼面显著扩大;额、侧颜、下侧颜和颊褐红色;额狭,Apr.2012W ei:Study of the genus Myospila and eight new species of the newly defined M.trochanterata-group约为前单眼宽的1.3倍;下后头毛黑色。沟前背中鬃列间小毛约12列;前气门金黄色,略带褐色;翅灰色,透明,绝不带褐色。足黄褐色,基节、转节和跗节黑褐色;前股除端部腹面黄外几乎全呈黑色;中股腹面略带黑色。根据雄眼具毛,前气门黄至褐色等特征,新种与毛眼妙蝇M.lasiophthalma(Emden,1965)、条妙蝇M.vittata sp.nov.和亚毛眼妙蝇M.paralasiophthalma sp.nov.等十分相似,但根据上述检索表它们可被明确而肯定地予与区分。正模♂,贵州安顺轿子山林场(26°20’N,105°57’E;海拔1400m),2009年12月6日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵、龙彪、刘美华等采。副模1♂,贵州花江峡谷,海拔640m,2009年10月17日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵、刘美华等采。词源:新种种名源自拉丁词"brunneusa",意为"褐色",在此意指新种额、侧颜、下侧颜和颊呈褐红色。3余妙蝇,新种Myospila cetera sp.nov.(图9～12)雄体长约6.2mm。眼裸,前内方小眼面显著扩大;额宽略狭于两后单眼外缘间距;下后头毛黑色。沟前背中鬃列间小毛约10列;气门黑色;足黄色,基节和跗节黑色,转节褐色;前股除端部黄外黑色;中股腹面略带褐色。雌未采获标本。根据中、后足黄色,新种与黄胫妙蝇M.flavitibia Guan,Feng et M a,2007和亚黄胫妙蝇M.subflavitibia sp.nov.是彼此更为近似的一个类群。但据上述的检索表此3种可彼此相互鉴别。正模♂,贵州安顺轿子山(26°20’N,105°57’E;海拔1400m),2009年6月1日,魏濂艨、曹维平、刘美华、龙彪等采。副模:2♂♂,贵州平坝城关林场,海拔1200m,2009年2～3月,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵、刘美华和吴建霖等采;1♂,安顺蔡官龙天村,海拔1400m,2009年6月1～30日,魏濂艨、刘美华、蒋绍贵、陈林等采。词源:新种种名源自拉丁词"cetera",意为"剩余的,另外的",在此意指与黄胫妙蝇类似的另一个种。4亚毛眼妙蝇,新种Myospila paralasiophthalma sp.nov.(图19～22)雄体长约7mm。眼具黄色短密毛,前内方小眼面扩大;额宽约如两后单眼外缘间距;下后头具黄色毛。沟前背中鬃列间小毛约12列;前气门黄褐色。足黄褐色,基节和跗节黑色,转节褐黑色,前股除端部腹面黄色外几乎全黑;中、后股基部2/5黑色。雌不详。根据雄眼具毛,前气门黄至褐色等特征,新种与褐妙蝇M.brunneusa sp.nov.、毛眼妙蝇M.lasiophthalma(Emden,1965)和条妙蝇,新种M.vittata sp.nov.等十分相似,但据上述检索表它们可被明确而肯定地予与区分。正模♂,贵州紫云浪风关林场(25°42’N,106°3’E;海拔1200m),2009年3月22日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵等采。副模:2♂♂,贵州花江峡谷,海拔640～1000m,2009年1～2月,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵、刘美华等采。词源:新种种名源自拉丁词"lasiophthalma",意为"眼具毛的","para"意为"类似",在此指新种类似毛眼妙蝇。5亚转妙蝇,新种Myospila paratrochanterata sp.nov.(图23～26)雄体长约5.5～6.5mm。眼裸,前内方小眼面显著扩大;额宽略狭于两后单眼外缘间距;下后头毛黑色。沟前背中鬃列间小毛约8列;气门黑色。足黄褐色,基节和跗节黑色,转节黑色,几乎不带褐色,前股除端部很下地黄外几乎全黑;中、后股基部2/3(有时1/2)黑色。新种类似毛爪妙蝇M.piliungulis Xue et Yang,1998、基妙蝇Myospila basilara sp.nov.和亚毛爪妙蝇Myospila piliungulisoidessp.nov.等。根据上述检索表这4个种类可予明确而肯定的区别。正模♂,贵州安顺轿子山(26°20’N,105°57’E;海拔1400m),2009年6月1日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵、刘美华和龙彪等采。副模:15♂♂,同正模,2009年5～11月;1♂,安顺鸡场,海拔1200m,2008年4月6日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵等采;1♂,贵州安顺旧州老落坡林场,海拔1300m,2008年4月19日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵等采;1♂,贵州安顺甘堡林场,海拔1250m,2009年2月21日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵、吴建霖和刘美华等采;1♂,同上,2011年5月29日,魏濂艨、曹维平和李鸿等采;3♂♂,贵州安顺对门山,海拔1300m,2009年2～3月,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵采;1♂,采集地及采集人同上,2008年12月21日;6♂♂,贵州安顺凤凰山林场,海拔1300m,2009年3月7～31日,魏濂艨、曹维平、蒋绍贵和刘美华等采;1♂,贵州安顺龙宫,海拔1200m,     

中国四川有瓣蝇类四新种(双翅目:厕蝇科,蝇科,丽蝇科)

记述分布于中国四川西部的有瓣蝇类中的4新种：天府枵蝇Coelomyia tianfuensis sp．nov．(厕蝇科);蜀圆蝇Mydaea shuensis sp．nov(蝇科);中华重毫蝇Dichaetomyla sinica sp．nov(蝇科);西部变丽蝇Paradichosia xibuica sp．nov(丽蝇科)。模式标本存中国科学院上海生命科学研究院,植物生理生态研究所。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.