两湖短柄大蚊属二新种（双翅目：大蚊科）

短柄大蚊属Nephrotoma为Meigen(1803)建立,模式种是广布于古北区的N.dorsalis(Fabricius),1781。体中型,多呈黄色,有黑斑;翅一般白色透明,Rs基部很短,此乃属的重要识别特征。该属是大蚊科一大属,已知450余种,分布于世界各地。本文记述了湖南和湖北两省短柄大蚊属二新种,模式标本保存在北京农业大学昆虫标本室。     

大稻大蚊生物学特性及防治的研究

大稻大蚊原栖息在低洼冷凉草炭地和泥炭地,主要为害草甸地杂草。近年来,由于水稻种植面积不断扩大,低洼冷凉草炭地也被开荒变成稻田,致使稻大蚊食性转移,危害水稻。目前在尚志、铁力等市新稻区普遍发生,危害严重。作者于1983年在田间发现,1988年开始系统观察,其成虫体大型,无翅痣,以二龄幼虫越冬。翌年5月末进入暴食期,土壤、水分、温度及食料对幼虫生长发育关系密切。采用2.5％甲基对硫磷粉剂或3％呋喃丹每亩1.5～2kg,在播前或插前使用,均能得到较好的效果。     

大劣按蚊四龄幼虫吞食四种按蚊幼虫的实验室观察

大劣按蚊四龄幼虫会吞食其它按蚊的一龄幼虫,在文献中未见有详细报道,在按蚊饲养中,我们对大劣按蚊吞食按蚊幼虫的情况作了较细致的观察,现报道如下。1 材料和方法大劣按蚊(Ancpheles dirus)采自海南,驯化成功后我所引入饲养;中华按蚊(An.sinensis)系1987年采自思茅城郊,实验室驯化品系;嗜人按蚊(An.anthropophagus)由贵阳     

土大蚊的生物学特性观察

土大蚊Nephrotomasp·是鲁西北地区首先发现的一种地下害虫,主要危害粮食作物等。自1981年始,先后在聊城地区高唐县、冠县和聊城市相继发现,其危害日趋严重。我所于1985～1992年对其进行了室内饲养和野外调查,现将结果整理如下。1形态特征成虫：体黄褐色。体长：雌虫19～22mm,雄虫14～18mm。头小,复眼发达黑色,额前上方有1个菱形黑褐斑。上唇基基短,中部有1黑褐色突起,上生鬃毛,下唇发达,呈两瓣状。下额须4节,第4节长,相当前3节之和。触角丝状,互5节。胸部发达,背面隆起,有川1”字形黑斑,中胸背板的盾前为呈“V”形。翅狭…     

中国丽大蚊亚属二新种及世界分种检索表（双翅目：大蚊科）

记述丽大蚊亚属Formotipula 2新种：茂兰丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) maolana sp. nov.,泸定丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) ludingana sp. nov.;以及3新记录种：二叉弯尾丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) decurvans Alexander,指突丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) dikchuensis Edwards,黑尾丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) melanopyga Edwards,并对1已知种黑刺丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) melanomera gracilispina Savchenko作了补充描记。文中还编制了该亚属世界种类检索表。     

大劣按蚊成虫在低温下的活力

大劣按蚊成虫在低温下的活力宋宗臣重庆第三军医大学寄生虫学教研室６３００３８我国海南省的大劣按蚊是热带蚊种。该蚊在实验室自然交配繁殖种群建立成功后,已对其在最适温度（２６±２℃）条件下的交配、吸血及产卵等习性进行了较系统的研究￣［１．２．３］,但对在低...     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.