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1.
生物絮凝剂高产菌株的选育 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以野生菌谷氨酸棒杆菌Corynebacterium glutamicumCCTCCM 2 0 10 0 5为出发菌株 ,进行紫外和甲基磺酸乙酯逐级诱变 ,获得一株絮凝剂高产菌XMU YH1111,通过条件优化实验 ,获得突变株XMU YH1111合成生物絮凝剂的最佳发酵条件 :葡萄糖为碳源 ,尿素和酵母膏为氮源 ,培养基初始 pH 4~ 8,种子最佳种龄 16h ,接种量 5 % ,发酵罐通风量 1L/ (L·min) ,搅拌转速 10 0r/min。在此发酵条件下 ,絮凝活性最高可达到 892U/mL ,比原出发菌株CCTCCM 2 0 10 0 5的絮凝活性提高 2倍以上。 相似文献
2.
《基因组学与应用生物学》2017,(1)
从活性污泥中分离筛选得到具有高絮凝活性的微生物絮凝菌JMH 48。采用分子生物学结合经典的生理生化对JMH 48絮凝菌进行鉴定及絮凝体系研究,16S r DNA序列分析、生物化学、生理学特性确定JMH48絮凝菌为一种蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus),使其具有高聚凝活性的最佳碳氮比是葡萄糖与蛋白胨(43:1);最佳培养条件为接种量4%,初始p H 7.0,培养时间3 d,温度20℃;最佳培养基(g/L)为:葡萄糖20 g、K_H_2PO_42 g、K_2HPO_45 g、(NH_4)_2SO_40.2 g、Na Cl 0.1 g、蛋白胨0.5 g、Mg SO_4·7H_2O 0.2 g。最优培养条件下,JMH48的絮凝率可高达98.26%。处理时间为20 min,加入絮凝剂的量为0.6 m L,Ca Cl_2的加入量为1.25 m L,p H值为7时絮凝效果最好。絮凝体系中絮凝率达到96.54%。 相似文献
3.
研究了球衣菌 (Sphaerotilussp.)W991 3 6合成聚羟基烷酸 (PHA)的培养基配方及发酵条件。结果表明 ,W991 3 6适宜发酵培养基配方为 :葡萄糖 1 0 2 5g/L ,蛋白胨 2 6 3g/L ,MgSO4·7H2 O 0 1 7g/L ,CaCl2 0 0 5g/L ,NaH2 PO4·2H2 O 0 0 2g/L ,K2 HPO40 0 4g/L ,KH2 PO40 0 3g/L ;最佳接种量为 0 1 3 8g (干 ) / 1 0 0mL ,培养基适宜初 相似文献
4.
以具有防病促长且抑菌谱广的暹罗芽胞杆菌(Bacillus siamensis)FJAT-45551为出发菌株,分别以生物量和发酵液的青枯雷尔氏菌和尖孢镰刀菌抑菌活性为指标,通过单因子和正交试验对其培养基成分和发酵培养条件进行优化,从而提高其抑菌活性。结果表明,优化后的培养基配方为:麸皮20 g/L,蛋白胨25 g/L,MgSO_4·H_2O 0. 2 g/L,CaCl_20. 1 g/L,FeSO_4·7H_2O 0. 1 g/L,NaH_2PO_4·H_2O 0. 5 g/L,K_2HPO_40. 5 g/L;最适发酵培养条件为:接种量1%、摇床转速130 r/min、温度20℃、装液量50 mL(250 mL的摇瓶装液50 mL)、初始pH值为6. 0。在优化的发酵条件下,FJAT-45551发酵液对番茄青枯病菌(Ralstorinia solanacearum)FJAT-91的抑菌圈直径达30. 82 mm,较优化前的抑菌圈直径增加了9. 09 mm,抑菌活性提高了41. 83%。 相似文献
5.
微生物絮凝剂产生菌的选育及絮凝特性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的:从土壤中筛选具有良好絮凝活性的菌株进行优化培养并研究其絮凝特性。方法:采用平板划线法分离纯化获得目的菌株,通过单因素和正交实验确定最适培养、絮凝条件,考察该菌的生长及产絮凝剂的周期和絮凝活性分布等特征,及其对次甲基兰的脱色能力。结果:得到絮凝活性较高的菌株C5,其最适产絮条件为:初始pH值7.5,温度36℃,培养时间48h;最适培养基为:葡萄糖10g,KH2PO42g,K2HPO45g,(NH4)2SO40.2g,尿素0.5g,酵母膏0.5g,NaCl0.1g,MgSO4.7H2O0.2g,絮凝率可达92.0%;最适絮凝条件为:2.5mL发酵液,pH6.0,5mL CaCl2溶液;絮凝活性成分主要为多糖和蛋白质,多分布于胞外上清液中;发酵液的絮凝活性与细胞生长量均在培养48h时达最大;对次甲基兰的脱色能力优于硫酸铝和聚丙烯酰胺,2min内脱色率可达97%。结论:菌株C5可产高絮凝活性的絮凝剂,具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
6.
一株寡营养细菌胞外多糖的摇瓶发酵研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从新疆的寡营养环境——古尔班通古特沙漠中分离到一株寡营养细菌Azotobacter sp.(1~15mg碳/L培养基),通过进行Azotobacter sp.菌的单因子优化培养基的试验、摇瓶培养工艺条件的优化试验(培养温度、培养时间、初始pH值、溶氧量),确定了菌种生长与营养需求等主要因子与胞外多糖产量、粘度的关系,结果表明,摇瓶发酵的最适宜条件为:以蔗糖为碳源,碳酸钙含量为2g/L,初始pH值为7左右,种龄72~84h,磷酸二氢钾、硫酸镁的含量分别为0.3g/L、0.1g/L,接种体积分数15%,于37℃摇瓶培养72h,250mL摇瓶装液量为50mL,在适宜条件下粘多糖的产量最大可达到1145.94μg/mL,粘性可达9200 mPa·s。 相似文献
7.
从数株红酵母中选出 1株产类胡萝卜素能力较强的红酵母RY 98(生物量、类胡萝卜素含量和产量分别为19.9g/L ,334 .8μg/ g和 6 .7mg/L) ;研究了该菌株产类胡萝卜素的最适营养与环境条件 ,获得了最佳的发酵生理学条件 :葡萄糖 40 g/L ,(NH4 ) 2 SO4 10 g/L ,酵母膏 3g/L ,蕃茄汁 2mL/L ,花生油 0 .5mL/L ,接种量 30mL/L ,初始pH 6 .0和通气量 (培养基装量 ) 4 0mL/ 2 5 0mL。在此初步优化的培养条件下 ,红酵母RY 98经 72h摇瓶发酵其生物量、类胡萝卜素含量和产量分别可达 2 6 .8g/L ,386 .9μg/ g和 10 .4mg/L ,依次比初筛中提高了 34 .7% ,15 .6 %和 5 5 .2 %。 相似文献
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9.
以稻草粉和麸皮为主要原料,对白腐菌(White-rot fungi) NS75、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)NS83和絮凝酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)SP5混合菌固态发酵产纤维素酶进行研究.实验结果显示,在白腐菌和黑曲霉双菌混合培养2d后接入絮凝酵母,培养到第7d产酶达到峰值;三菌混合发酵产纤维素酶酶活明显高于白腐菌和黑曲霉双菌混合培养,其β-葡萄糖苷酶(β-G)和羧甲基纤维素酶(CMCase)酶活比白腐菌(White-rot fungi) NS75和黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)NS83双菌发酵产酶分别提高了143.3%和68.2%.单因素实验和正交实验结果表明,当稻草粉麸皮质量比为8∶2,料水比为1∶2,白腐菌NS75、黑曲霉NS83和絮凝酵母SP5的接种比例为1:2∶1.5 (v/v/v)时,于30℃培养7d,固态发酵基中β-G和CMCase酶活分别达到62305 U/g和30241 U/g. 相似文献
10.
青海高原降解纤维素微生物的调查、分离、鉴定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从青海高原林区分离筛选 3 0 0余株分解纤维素的细菌及 3 1株降解纤维素的真菌。测定纤维素分解菌含量土样为 2 6× 1 0 5 g。对纤维素酶水解圈较大的 1 1株真菌 ,根据其滤纸酶活筛选出一株分离自互助北山森林的高产纤维素酶的真菌No 0 1 43菌株 ,根据其形态学及培养特征鉴定为康氏木霉 (TrichodermakoningiiQudem) ,该菌湿固体发酵物含滤纸酶活力(FPA)为 1 5u g。该菌无毒副作用 ,可用于饲料业 相似文献
11.
从广西大学食用菌废弃料中分离出7株絮凝剂产生菌,以发酵液对高岭土悬浮液絮凝效果为指标衡量其絮凝活性及产絮凝剂能力,经过初筛与复筛,筛选到一株絮凝剂高产菌F00,初步确定属曲霉属(Aspergillus),并对其产生絮凝剂的条件进行优化. 相似文献
12.
Extracellular biopolymeric flocculants. Recent trends and biotechnological importance 总被引:80,自引:0,他引:80
Many microorganisms secrete extracellular biopolymeric flocculants (EBFs) in the culture broth. This work reviews the development of EBF research and applications. Aspects discussed include a comparison of the chemical and biological flocculating agents, isolation of EBF-producing microorganisms, culture conditions, mechanisms of flocculation, the chemical structure of EBFs, and the role of physicochemical factors in the flocculating activity. 相似文献
13.
14.
Simphiwe P. Buthelezi Ademola O. Olaniran Balakrishna Pillay 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》2010,15(5):874-881
Bioflocculants produced by six bacteria obtained from activated sludge at a wastewater treatment plant were quantified, purified,
and characterized. Effects of pH, temperature, cationic salt content, and specific potential inhibitors on the flocculating
activities of the bioflocculants were also determined. Bioflocculants produced by the different bacterial isolates ranged
between 6.33 and 27.66 g/L in concentration and were composed of both carbohydrate and protein in varying amounts, as well
as a relatively high concentration of uronic acid. The flocculating activity of the broth culture increased during the logarithmic
phase of bacterial growth with a maximum ranging from 2.395 to 3.709/OD. Optimum pH for the flocculating activity of the bioflocculants
was between 8 and 9, with generally higher flocculating activity observed at 28°C. Of the cations tested, Mg2+ and Mn2+ improved flocculating activity up to 5.2 fold. The stability of these bacterial bioflocculants under various environmental
and nutritional conditions suggests their possible use in the industries and environmental applications. Therefore, this study
details important implications in providing a safer alternative flocculation method for wastewater treatment. 相似文献
15.
微生物絮凝剂产生菌的筛选及培养条件的优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:从好氧活性污泥、土壤和河泥中分离筛选具有较高活性的絮凝剂产生菌,并优化其培养条件;方法:通过常规分离获得目的菌株,运用单因素法考察培养时间、培养温度、发酵液初始pH值及摇床转速对菌株絮凝活性的影响;结果:得到了絮凝活性较高的菌株,经过优化得出,其最佳培养时间和温度分别为48h和30℃,发酵液最佳初始pH值为7.0,最佳摇床转速为120r/min,在最佳培养条件下,RF-32对高岭土悬浊液絮凝率为84.32%。结论:从活性污泥中可筛选出较高活性的絮凝剂产生菌,研究发现,菌株的絮凝活性与其生长量呈同步增长趋势,并在一段时间后达到一稳定值。培养时间、培养温度、发酵液初始pH值及摇床转速均能通过一定的作用因素对菌株生长情况产生影响,进而影响其絮凝活性。 相似文献
16.
I Koujima H Hayashi K Tomochika A Okabe Y Kanemasa 《Applied and environmental microbiology》1978,35(3):467-470
Adaptation of Staphylococcus aureus to a change in salinity was studied by estimating the intracellular content of water and proline after alteration of the salt concentration of the culture medium. The intracellular water content of S. aureus cultured in normal broth was 1.70 g/g (dry weight). After transfer to 1.8 M NaCl-containing broth, the water content decreased to 0.80 g/g (dry weight) within 1 min. After changing the salt concentration of the medium, intracellular free proline (assumed to be one of the osmoregulators in S. aureus) increased gradually from 0 to 1,400 mumol/g (dry weight) during 30 min of incubation at 37 degrees C. The water content rose to 0.88 g/g (dry weight) in 30 min. Proline was not taken up at 0 to 4 degrees C, suggesting that the process was one of active transport. The salt tolerance of S. aureus, therefore, appears to occur initially by dehydration of the cell after transfer from a medium of low salinity to one of high salinity and then by accumulation of proline, which carries water into the cell with it. 相似文献
17.
Adaptational change in proline and water content of Staphylococcus aureus after alteration of environmental salt concentration. 总被引:10,自引:5,他引:5 下载免费PDF全文
Adaptation of Staphylococcus aureus to a change in salinity was studied by estimating the intracellular content of water and proline after alteration of the salt concentration of the culture medium. The intracellular water content of S. aureus cultured in normal broth was 1.70 g/g (dry weight). After transfer to 1.8 M NaCl-containing broth, the water content decreased to 0.80 g/g (dry weight) within 1 min. After changing the salt concentration of the medium, intracellular free proline (assumed to be one of the osmoregulators in S. aureus) increased gradually from 0 to 1,400 mumol/g (dry weight) during 30 min of incubation at 37 degrees C. The water content rose to 0.88 g/g (dry weight) in 30 min. Proline was not taken up at 0 to 4 degrees C, suggesting that the process was one of active transport. The salt tolerance of S. aureus, therefore, appears to occur initially by dehydration of the cell after transfer from a medium of low salinity to one of high salinity and then by accumulation of proline, which carries water into the cell with it. 相似文献
18.
利用多孔聚酯泡沫为载体,进行微生物絮凝剂产生菌的固定化及连续生产絮凝剂的研究。研究发现,利用多孔聚酯泡沫可吸附固定XN1菌丝细胞,且能较长时间保持高的活性。固定化XN1菌在三相流化床反应器中连续发酵运行13d无发现菌膜脱落现象,且发酵液絮凝活性均维持在90%以上,说明利用多孔聚酯泡沫颗粒作为固定化载体,连续生产絮凝剂的方法是可行的。另外,研究还发现,该菌所产生絮凝剂具有较高的热稳定性,在反应器中室温下保存数日仍可维持较高的絮凝活性。 相似文献
19.
Extracellular biopolymer flocculants (EBFs) are flocculating substances, consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids, which are secreted in the culture broth by many microorganisms. Some of EBFs have attracted much attention as biodegradable and nontoxic substitutes for conventional chemical flocculants. This paper reviews the recent development of EBFs. Aspects discussed include an introduction to conventional chemical flocculants and EBFs, isolation of novel bioflocculant-producing microorganisms, culture conditions, chemical structure and molecular weight of EBFs, the physico-chemical factors affecting flocculating activity, fermentation process design and recent and emerging application fields of EBFs. 相似文献