光周期对光敏胞质不育小麦花药发育过程中Ca^2＋—ATPase分布的影响

应用铅沉淀法研究了不同光照条件下泖负质不育小麦Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ Ｌ．）可育花药和不育药药发育过程中Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ的分布。短日可育条件下,单核早期至成熟花粉,Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ在花粉表面,外壁内先增加后 和,在花粉内壁及质膜上逐渐增加,在南内分布较少,成熟花粉的营养细胞核仁内有大量Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ会面２。精细胞核仁内亦有Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ分布。乌氏体上     

线粒体Ca^2＋转运与细胞代谢调节

线粒体具有一套完整的Ｃａ＾２＋转运系统,包括两条摄取途径和三条释放途径。生理条件下,它们在细胞胞质与线粒体钙稳态维持以及细胞能量代谢中起重要作用,线粒体从胞质摄取的Ｃａ＾２＋可激活某些Ｃａ＾２＋敏感的呼吸酶和代谢过程。病理条件下,线粒体Ｃａ＾２＋转运发生紊乱,通过线粒体通透性转换导致细胞坏死或凋亡。     

小鼠卵母细胞成熟和受精过程中Ca^2＋分布变化的研究

用焦锑酸钾原位定位法、膜结合Ｃａ＾２＋荧光探针金霉素标记法,分别在电镜和光镜水平对小鼠卵成熟和卵受精过程中结合态Ｃａ＾２＋的分布及其变化进行了研究,发现：１）Ｃａ＾２＋分布于线粒体、胞质、内质网囊泡、微绒毛和透明带等部位,其中以线粒体基质中分布密度为最大;２）减数分裂Ｉ中、后期于纺锤体极区结合有较多的Ｃａ＾２＋;３）生发泡、纺锤体和原核内膜结合态Ｃａ＾２＋含量很少,但纺锤体和原核周围分布较多;４）     

钙在植物乙烯生成及信号传递中的生理作用

Ｃａ＾２＋对植物乙烯生成的调节与作用位点有关,胞外Ｃａ＾２＋在维持质膜功能的同时,抑制乙烯生成,延缓衰老;过量Ｃａ＾２＋进入胞质,胞内Ｃａ＾２＋促进乙烯生成和衰老。内源ＣａＭ与乙烯生成关系密切,介入了乙烯代谢和外源激素对乙烯的调控。此外,Ｃａ＾２＋是乙烯信号传递所必需的。     

花药培养过程栽培稻花粉不育杂种F1与亲本台中65的细胞学研究

利用活体压片、半薄及超薄切片技术,对栽培稻(Oryza sativa L.)花粉不育杂种F1及育性正常的亲本台中65离体培养前后的小孢子及花药壁进行细胞学研究.结果表明:与台中65相比,杂种F1的花粉小孢子在发育至单核中-晚期,出现比例较高的胞质凝聚小孢子和少量星型小孢子,正常小孢子和淀粉化小孢子比例降低.在离体条件下,胞质凝聚小孢子、星型小孢子、正常小孢子、液泡化小孢子、淀粉化小孢子的发育主要沿着胞质凝聚败育过程、孢子体发育过程、配子体发育过程、液泡化过程和淀粉化过程进行;药壁组织在离体条件下,杂种F1比台中65的绒毡层降解速度快,中层膨大程度高.杂种F1与台中65在离体培养下小孢子发育及药壁细胞学的差异主要是受到S-a座位内等位基因互作及离体培养环境的影响.     

低温逆境中黄瓜幼苗细胞内钙离子水平变化的细胞化学研究

采用改进的焦锑酸钙沉淀的细胞化学方法,探讨了Ｃａ＾２＋在黄瓜幼苗细胞中超微结构定位分布及在低温逆境条件下Ｃａ＾２＋水平的动态。结果表明：在适宜温度下生长的黄瓜幼苗,其细胞中Ｃａ＾２＋主要定位于液泡及细胞间隙内,说明液泡是植物细胞内的主要钙库,并显示质外体中存在大量的Ｃａ＾２＋分布。当黄瓜幼苗在１℃下冷胁迫２８ｈ后,质膜内侧钙沉淀颗粒明显增加,同时观察到液泡内Ｃａ＾２＋分布变得比较集中,并趋向于液泡     

水分胁迫及复水过程中小麦幼苗叶片内Ca^2＋的定位

展现了冬小麦幼苗在干旱胁迫及干旱后复水过程中叶肉细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋的动态分布：在正常水分条件下生长的小麦幼苗,其细胞中的Ｃａ＾２＋主要位于液泡内,同时,细胞间隙中有大量的Ｃａ＾２＋分布。在水分胁迫下,随着胁迫时间的加长,液泡和细胞间隙的Ｃａ＾２＋逐渐进入细胞质,导致细胞质中自由Ｃａ＾２＋浓度过高,并对细胞造成伤害。复水后,细胞质中高浓度Ｃａ＾２＋迅速排入液泡和细胞间隙,细胞质中Ｃａ＾２＋浓度又基本恢     

牛磺酸对心肌细胞钙离子的调节作用

牛磺酸占心肌游离氨基酸的５０％以上,它对心肌细胞许多依赖于Ｃａ＾２＋的生理两全是现象具有明显的调节作用。牛磺酸能增加高亲和力Ｃａ＾２＋转驼系统转运Ｃａ＾２＋的量和速度,对要和力Ｃａ＾２＋转运系统的调节作用依胞外Ｃａ＾２＋浓度的不同而不同,具有稳态调节细胞内的Ｃａ＾２＋作用;另外,牛磺酸尚能抑制各种原因经起的胞内Ｃａ＾２＋超负荷,显示其具有细胞保护作用。     

钙调素mRNA和蛋白在水稻花药和雌蕊发育过程中的原位定位

利用ＲＮＡ原位杂交和免疫组织化学定位技术分别检测了钙调素ｍＲＮＡ和钙调素蛋白在水稻（ＯｒｙｚａｓａｔｉｖａＬ．）花药和雌蕊发育过程中的时空分布特征。钙调素基因在绒毡层、柱头、花粉管生长途径、退化助细胞以及维管薄壁细胞中大量表达,也可在小孢子母细胞、小孢子、花粉、反足细胞、卵细胞以及中央细胞中检测到。钙调素基因的表达强度随不同的发育阶段而变化：花药发育早期表达强,以后逐渐减弱并向特定部位集中,如绒毡层和花粉萌发孔等。胚胎发育早期,钙调素基因在胚乳细胞中的表达比原胚中强,而后期则在分化胚中比胚乳细胞中强。推测在有性生殖过程中,钙调素可能通过Ｃａ２＋ＣａＭ信号途径调节小孢子发育、花粉萌发、花粉管生长、受精以及物质运输等生理过程     

血小板激活时胞质游离钙浓度与两种颗粒数变化的相关性

用电镜形态计量法检测血小板α颗粒（αＧ）和致密颗粒（ｄＧ）的数密度,用钙荧光指示剂Ｆｕｒａ２检测血小板胞质游离Ｃａ＾２＋浓度（「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ）,观察到在钙离子导体Ａ２３１８７作用下,血小板「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ明显升高。凝血酶与ＡＤＰ也都分别引起「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ升高,且有浓度依赖性,选用三种激动剂的不同量以反映血小板不同程度激活时,测定「Ｃａ＾２＋」与颗粒数密度,分析两者间的相关性,发现αＧ和ｄＧ的数     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.