海边月见草

月见草为柳叶菜科,月见草属植物。通过长期的研究,肯定了γ-亚麻酸的存在使月见草油具有降压、降血脂、减肥、抗癌等独特的营养及医疗作用。国内外学者为应用这一植物油作了大量的工作,已组成各种配方治疗各种疾病。与月见草相比,海边月见草的开发利用则还没有引起人们的．足够重视。海边月见草（oenotheralittaralis）与月见草是同属植物,产于福建、广东等地,生于海边沙滩地,资源丰富。具有耐旱,耐盐碱、抗风力强、易繁殖、果期长等特性。海边月见草花黄色,大而艳丽,花期长匕一8月）,是不可多得的观赏植物。雄蕊8枚,花药长,花…     

月见草种子油开发利用简史

近年来,路旁野草月见草(Oenothera biennis L. )引起世界各国极大兴趣。荷兰、联邦德国、意大利和英国四处求购月见草种子。日本民众掀起食用月见草油制品(保健胶囊、糖果等)热潮。全球约有三十个国家重视月见草种子油的研究与利用。国外,生产经销月见草油制品已有专门公司,     

神奇的月见草

月见草在各种恶劣的环境里均可生长:路边、河岸、海边以及其它贫瘠的土地上都可见到野生的月见草。月见草花一般在傍晚6点到7点左右开放,散发出淡淡的幽香。月见草原产北美洲,1619年初次引入欧洲。     

温州裂叶月见草入侵群落和土壤种子库种类组成的季节动态

通过野外调查和萌发实验,研究了浙江温州地区裂叶月见草(Oenothera laciniata)入侵群落和土壤种子库种类组成的季节动态,结果表明:裂叶月见草土壤种子库中共有种子植物46种,种子库各层储昔与物种数量不同,呈现为上层(0～2 cm)>中层(2～5 cm)>下层(5～10 cm),层间差异较明显;裂叶月见草入侵群落地上植被与土壤种子库群落组成相似性系数为0.632,表明该群落裂叶月见草入侵时间不长,处在演替的初期阶段;裂叶月见草种子具有休眠特性,并在萌发的过程中阶段性破除休眠;裂叶月见草的重要值与群落的物种多样性存在着正相关性,但未达显著水平(P>0.05);在每年的11月至次年4月裂叶月见草营养生长期铲除是控制裂叶月见草传播和扩散的有利时机.     

以月亮命名的植物

<正>八月十五中秋佳节,皎洁的明月无疑是这个节日最佳的代表。在植物界中,也有很多以月亮命名的物种。月桂:植物学中的月桂通常是指原产地中海地区的樟科月桂属植物,但是传说中月亮上的月桂树通常是指木犀科的桂花。月见草:因常在傍晚、深夜或清晨开放而得名,常作为一、二年生草本花卉栽种,拥有众多观赏品种。月见草作为柳叶菜科月见草属植物的通称,在我国通常包括10种植物,常见的有月见草、美丽月见草、海滨月见草、粉花月见草等。这一属原产美洲地区,在我国部分地区已逸为     

一种新的药用油料植物——月见草

近年来,国外对月见草的研究极为重视,尤其是对月见草种子中油的成分及应用研究更为深入。月见草(Oenothera odorata Jacq)又名待宵草。系柳叶菜科多年生草本植物。原产南美智利、阿根廷等国。多为野生,分布在向阳山坡、荒地、河岸及路旁。月见草主根发达、木质化,茎高一米左右,花呈鲜黄色,具有茉莉、白兰花的浓郁香气,通常是     

月见草油治疗精神分裂症

科研人员对服用月见草油,改善前列腺素的代谢而达到治疗精神分裂症的目的这一课题进行研究,发现它对治疗该病确有积极作用。月见草油的治疗效果不同于一般的精神松弛剂,具有较长的作用潜伏期。此外,它不会引起急性或慢性锥体束外的毛病,而服用传统的精神松弛剂却通常会引起这类并发症。月见草油通常含有9％γ-亚麻酸,但是,如果使用特殊的加工方法,可以将月见草油中     

新油料作物—拉马克月见草

目前英、美、加拿大、南非及阿根廷等国的医学界都在积极研究月见草的化学成分和生理作用。他们发现月见草种子油中含有大量的不饱和脂肪酸(70%),特别是一种γ-亚麻油酸,含量约8—9%,为月见草油特有成分;一致认为γ-亚麻油酸对减少胆固醇和动脉粥状硬化有显著的效果,它给心血管病患者带来了福音,还可以治疗多种硬化症,风湿性关节炎和精神分裂症等,月见草油是医学上重要用油。我国著名植物学家俞德浚教授曾撰文,介绍新油料作物月见草,并呼吁植物引种工作者将它引种。为此,我们     

海边月见草的开发利用

海边月见草的开发利用吴文珊（福建师大生物系福州３５０００７）月见草属（Ｏｅｎｏｔｈｅｒａ）是隶属于柳叶菜科（Ｏｎａｇｒａｃｅａｅ）的双子叶植物。此属植物共约２００种,颁上于美洲等地,我国引入栽培的约１０多种,其中有些种类逸出野生,海边月见草（Ｏｅｎｏ...     

月见草不同品系种子油的成份测定

月见草不同品系种子油的成份测定赵占英于翠兰张俊兰田洪（吉林省通化市园艺研究所１３４００１）月见草俗名山芝麻,夜兰香,属柳叶菜科一年生或二年生草本植物。月见草种子油中含有γ—亚麻酸,具有特别的生理活性,可以降低血液中的胆固醇,以γ—亚麻酸为主要成份生产...     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。