钙泊三醇倍他米松软膏联合NB-UVB对掌跖脓疱病患者血清TNF-α,IL-17水平的影响

目的:观察钙泊三醇倍他米松软膏联合窄谱中波紫外线(NB-UVB)治疗掌跖脓疱病的临床疗效及对患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)水平的影响。方法:选取掌跖脓疱病患者63例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组外用钙泊三醇倍他米松软膏联合NB-UVB治疗,对照组单纯照射NB-UVB,两组患者的疗程均为8周,治疗4周及8周后观察临床疗效,并测定血清中TNF-α、IL-17的浓度。结果:治疗4周和8周后,治疗组症状积分较对照组明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗4和8周时,对照组的有效率分别为22.58%和45.16%,治疗组为53.13%和78.13%,两组患者的有效率比较差异显著(P0.05);停药后3个月,对照组复发率为35.48%,治疗组复发率为12.50%,治疗组明显低于对照组;治疗后两组患者血清中TNF-α、IL-17的浓度均较前下降,且治疗组较对照组下降更明显,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:钙泊三醇倍他米松软膏辅助治疗可以更有效提高掌跖脓疱病患者的临床疗效,且安全性较好,这可能与其降低患者外周血中TNF-α和IL-17的水平有关。     

秋水仙碱联合窄谱中波紫外线治疗掌跖脓疱病的临床研究

观察秋水仙碱联合窄谱中波紫外线(NB-UVB)治疗掌跖脓疱病的疗效及对血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的影响。选择我院皮肤科2011年12月~2015年12月收治的掌趾脓疱病患者88例,按照随机表法将88例患者分为对照组(n=44)和观察组(n=44)。对照组采用NB-UVB照射,隔日1次;观察组采用NB-UVB照射,隔日1次,同时口服秋水仙碱片,两组均连续治疗6周。6周后评价两组临床治疗效果,治疗前后测定患者血清中TNF-α和IL-8的水平,并观察治疗的不良反应。结果显示,治疗6周后,观察组患者的有效率79.5%(35/44)明显高于对照组61.3%(27/44)(p0.05);两组患者治疗前的血清TNF-α、IL-8水平之间对比后无明显差异(p0.05),对照组患者治疗后的血清TNF-α、IL-8水平分别为(10.74±3.25)ng/L和(9.52±2.85)ng/L,观察组分别为(6.24±2.33)ng/L和(5.81±2.20)ng/L,以上指标较治疗前均有显著降低,与对照组相比观察组下降幅度更大(p0.05)。本研究结果表明,秋水仙碱联合NB-UVB照射治疗掌跖脓疱病疗效好,不良反应少,可减少血清中炎症因子TNF-α和IL-8的水平,为治疗掌趾脓疱病提供了新思路。     

TNF-alpha、IL-6及IL-8在不同程度溃疡性结肠炎患者血清中的表达及意义

目的：探讨不同严重程度溃疡性结肠炎患者血清TNF-alpha、IL-6 及IL-8 的表达及意义。方法：选择2011 年1 月~2014 年7 月 我院收治的溃疡性结肠炎患者47 例,根据严重程度将患者分为轻度组、中度组和重度组。另选取同期在我院接受健康体检的志 愿者80 例作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测各组患者血清TNF-alpha、IL-6 及IL-8 的水平。结果：溃疡性结肠炎患者 血清TNF-琢、IL-6 及IL-8 水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;不同严重程度溃疡性结肠炎患者的TNF-alpha、IL-6 及IL-8 水平呈显著差异（P<0.05）。结论：检测溃疡性结肠炎患者血清TNF-alpha、IL-6 及IL-8的水平变化有利于预测病情进展。     

美沙拉嗪联合双歧三联活菌对溃疡性结肠炎患者TNF-alpha、IL-8及IL-10 水平的影响

目的：探讨美沙拉嗪联合双歧三联活菌治疗溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的临床疗效及对患者TNF-琢、IL-8 及IL-10 水平的影响。方 法：选择2013 年1 月~2014 年1 月我院收治的UC 患者60 例,随机分为研究组与对照组,每组30 例。对照组患者应用美沙拉嗪 治疗,研究组在此基础上联合双歧三联活菌治疗。观察两组临床疗效、血清TNF-alpha、IL-8及IL-10 水平变化及药物不良反应。结果： 研究组治疗的总有效率为86.67%,显著高于对照组的63.33%（P <0.05）;治疗后,两组TNF-alpha、IL-8 水平显著降低,IL-10 水平显著 升高（均P<0.01）,研究组TNF-alpha、IL-8 显著低于对照组,IL-10 水平显著高于对照组（均P<0.05）;研究组不良反应发生率为 6.67%,明显低于对照组的33.33%（P<0.05）。结论：美沙拉嗪联合双歧三联活菌对UC 患者黏膜的保护作用显著,且有效抑制UC 相关的炎性反应,安全可靠,适于临床推广与应用。     

掌跖脓疱病患者皮损糖皮质激素受体α和β表达的研究

目的:为了解掌跖脓疱病患者皮损中GR表达情况,我们利用免疫组化方法检测患者皮损和正常皮肤标本中GR-α和GR-β的表达,从而探讨其表达在发病中的作用。方法:选择25例临床诊断为掌跖脓疱病患者皮损,26例外科手术切取的健康皮肤作为正常对照。用免疫组化SP法(链酶卵白素-过氧化物酶法)检测掌跖脓疱病患者皮损与正常对照组皮肤GR-α、GR-β的表达数量和强度。结果:两组GR-α表达无显著差异,患者组GR-β表达阳性率及强度明显高于对照组。结论:GR-β在掌跖脓疱病的发病过程中起重要作用。     

连续肾脏替代治疗对脓毒症患者血清中TNF-alpha、IL-6 和IL-8 表达的影响

目的：探讨连续肾脏替代治疗（CRRT）对脓毒症患者血清中肿瘤坏死因子alpha（TNF-alpha）、白介素-6（IL-6）和白介素-8（IL-8）的 影响。方法：将我院2013 年1 月-2014 年6 月间收治的80 例脓毒症患者随机分为观察组与对照组各40 例,两组患者均给予脓毒 症常规治疗,观察组另给予CRRT 治疗。观察比较两组患者治疗前1 天,治疗后24 h,72 h空腹静脉血TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平。结 果：观察组治愈率为85.0%（34/40）,明显高于对照组的55.0%（22/40）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗24h、72h 后两组患者 TNF-alpha、IL-6和IL-8 水平均明显下降,其中观察组下降更显著,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：CRRT 能有效降低脓毒症患 者血清中TNF-alpha、IL-6 和IL-8 水平,有助于对炎症反应的正向调节。     

桔梗皂苷对烟雾致矽肺患者血清IL-8 和TNF-alpha水平的影响

目的：探究桔梗皂苷对烟雾致矽肺患者血清白介素-8(IL-8)和肿瘤坏死因子-alpha(TNF-alpha)水平的影响。方法：选取我院呼吸科 2012 年6 月到2013 年6 月收治的68 例男性矽肺患者,并将其随机分为2 组。对照组34 例,给于矽肺宁片4 片/ 次,3 次/d,口 服;氨茶碱片0.1 g/ 次,3 次/d,口服;必漱平片16 mg/ 次,3 次/d,口服;舒喘灵片4.8 mg/ 次,3 次/d,口服;疗程24 周。实验组34 例,在常规治疗的基础上应用加用桔梗皂苷胶囊10 g/ 次,3 次/d,口服;疗程24 周。治疗结束后,检测和比较治疗前后两组患者 SaO2、PaO2、PaCO2、血清IL-8 和TNF-alpha的变化情况。结果：治疗后,两组患者的SaO2、PaO2、PaCO2水平均得到改善,实验组以上指 标较改善更为显著,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的IL-8 和TNF-alpha水平均较治疗前显著下降,且实验组IL-8 和TNF-alpha水平显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：桔梗皂苷辅助治疗能够显著改善烟雾致矽肺患者的呼吸功 能,降低血清IL-8 和TNF-alpha含量。     

卡泊三醇对白癜风患者血清和皮肤组织中IL-18 及IFN-r水平的影响

目的：探讨卡泊三醇对白癜风患者血清和皮肤组织中IL-18 及IFN-r水平的影响。方法：收集我院收治的白癜风患者122例, 随机分为实验组和对照组。对照组予外用补骨脂酊治疗,实验组给予外用卡泊三醇软膏。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后皮损面 积、不良反应发生情况以及血清和皮肤组织液中IL-18 及IFN-r水平的变化情况。结果：与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后白斑皮损 面积均显著缩小(P＜0.05),血清及皮肤组织液IL-8 与INF-酌水平均明显降低(P＜0.05)。与对照组相比,实验组治疗后白斑皮损面 积更小(P＜0.05),血清及皮肤组织液IL-18及IFN-r含量较低(P＜0.05)。结论：卡泊三醇能够有效改善白癜风患者的临床症状,且 安全性较高,值得临床推广应用,这可能与其降低白癜风患者血清及皮肤组织液中IL-18 及IFN-酌水平有关。     

卡泊三醇对白癜风患者血清和皮肤组织中IL-18及IFN-γ水平的影响

目的:探讨卡泊三醇对白癜风患者血清和皮肤组织中IL-18及IFN-γ水平的影响。方法:收集我院收治的白癜风患者122例,随机分为实验组和对照组。对照组予外用补骨脂酊治疗,实验组给予外用卡泊三醇软膏。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后皮损面积、不良反应发生情况以及血清和皮肤组织液中IL-18及IFN-γ水平的变化情况。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后白斑皮损面积均显著缩小(P0.05),血清及皮肤组织液IL-8与INF-γ水平均明显降低(P0.05)。与对照组相比,实验组治疗后白斑皮损面积更小(P0.05),血清及皮肤组织液IL-18及IFN-γ含量较低(P0.05)。结论:卡泊三醇能够有效改善白癜风患者的临床症状,且安全性较高,值得临床推广应用,这可能与其降低白癜风患者血清及皮肤组织液中IL-18及IFN-γ水平有关。     

窄谱中波紫外线联合他克莫司软膏对银屑病患者血清因子水平的影响

目的:观察窄谱中波紫外线(NB-UVB)结合他克莫司软膏治疗寻常型银屑病患者临床相关指标(TNF-α、IL-13、IFN-γ和IL-4)的变化.方法:将60例寻常型银屑病患者随机分为NB-UVB治疗组、他克莫司软膏治疗组和NB-UVB结合他克莫司软膏治疗组,其中NB-UVB治疗组给予窄谱紫外线照射,辐射波长为311 nm;他克莫司软膏治疗组给予0.1%他克莫司软膏,涂搽惠处;联合治疗组给予窄谱紫外线照射,且患处涂搽0.1%他克莫司软膏.ELISA法测定血清中TNF-α、IL-13、IFN-γ和IL-4的变化.结果:联合治疗组患者血清中IFN-γ/IL-4比值为1.39±0.23,而TNF-α和IL-13的水平分别为17.28±1.22 pg/mL和46.75±3.19pg/mL,均显著低于其它两组(P<0.05).结论:窄谱中波紫外线(NB-UVB)结合他克莫司软膏治疗寻常型银屑病,可以提高紫外线光疗及免疫抑制剂的疗效,起到协同治疗的作用,从而缩短病人的用药周期和治疗疗程.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细