国家南药基因资源库(国家基本药物所需中药材种质资源库)

正资源库简介国家南药基因资源库(国家基本药物所需中药材种质资源库),是我国唯一的、收集保存顽拗性药用植物种质资源的国家级综合性种质资源库,位于海南省海口市国家高新区,由国家中医药管理局立项,依托中国医学科学院药用植物研究所海南分所建设和运行。国家南药基因资源库是在结合我国生态环境和中药资源特点的基础上,对我国南部热带和亚热带地区中药资源普查工作收     

植物种质资源库的设计与建设要求

我国植物种质资源保存越来越受到重视,不少单位正在筹备建设植物种质资源库。由于植物种质资源库具有较强的专业特点,且至今还没有种质资源库的设计与建设规范,致使一些新建种质资源库需经几次改造和调试后才能投入使用。本文就有关植物种质资源库特点、设计原则和技术指标要求以及建设经验作一概述,以供参考。     

植物种质资源库的设计与建设要求

我国植物种质资源保存越来越受到重视, 不少单位正在筹备建设植物种质资源库。由于植物种质资源库具有较强的专业特点, 且至今还没有种质资源库的设计与建设规范, 致使一些新建种质资源库需经几次改造和调试后才能投入使用。本文就有关植物种质资源库特点、设计原则和技术指标要求以及建设经验作一概述, 以供参考。     

生物资源库的建设、开放与共享——重要生理功能和重大疾病相关蛋白质研究公共资源库简介

海量科学数据的获得为探索生命科学提供了前所未有的研究靶标和工具。在此基础上建立的信息资源和实物资源库,极大地拓展了研究思路,成为原创性科研的资源宝库,是实现生物医药产业源头创新的宝贵资源。重点介绍国内、外生物资源库的建设、开放与共享现状,特别是"重要生理功能和重大疾病相关蛋白质研究公共资源库"的建设情况,为我国生命科学研究和生物学教育提供新的生物资源和科普资源。     

实验动物信息资源网站（2）

（一）国内实验动物信息资源网站 （3）国家遗传工程小鼠资源库 名称：国家遗传工程小鼠资源库 网址：http：／／www．nicemice．org 维护机构：南京大学模式动物研究所 简介：现有小鼠品系264种,在养小鼠达到3万余只。这些小鼠品系中包括糖尿病、肥胖症、白内障、肢体残疾、发育缺陷和心血管系统障碍等多种人类疾病的动物模型。项目组科学家还在研究中发现了一些致病基因。     

山东省农作物种质资源库的建设与运转

山东省农作物种质资源丰富多样,但长久以来缺乏统一、有效的保存管理,许多珍贵的种质资源面临丢失和灭绝的危险。本文简要阐述了建设山东省农作物种质资源库的必要性,详细介绍了山东省农作物种质资源库的类型、功能、技术指标及入库保存和运行服务情况,以期为其他单位建设种质资源库提供参考。     

生物科技快讯

最近,由中国科学院和云南省共同建设的云南省首个国家重大科学工程项目——中国西南野生生物资源库,在中国科学院昆明植物研究所落成竣工。该种质资源库将建设成为国际上有重大影响、亚洲一流的野生生物种质保存设施和科学研究平台．为我国野生生物种质资源的保护、研究及合理利用提供技术支撑条件。     

我国建成首个野生生物种质资源库

最近．由中国科学院和云南省共同建设的云南省首个国家重大科学工程项目——中国西南野生生物资源库,在中国科学院昆明植物研究所落成竣工。该种质资源库将建设成为国际上有重大影响、亚洲一流的野生生物种质保存设施和科学研究平台．为我国野生生物种质资源的保护、研究及合理利用提供技术支撑条件。     

我国冬瓜、节瓜种质资源研究现状及建议

冬瓜及其变种节瓜原产我国南部地区,是我国传统的重要菜药兼用型蔬菜品种,现广泛分布于亚洲的热带、亚热带和温带地区。目前我国国家种质资源库中保存的冬瓜和节瓜种质资源分别只有299份和69份,且仅对几个种质特征进行了简单描述,许多重要的种质特征信息尚为空白,种质资源的遗传多样性也众说不一。建议今后我国冬瓜和节瓜种质资源研究应重点开展以下几个内容:(1)搜集与抢救散落在民间的大量冬瓜、节瓜种质资源,扩充国家种质资源库;(2)系统、完整地对冬瓜、节瓜种质资源的特征特性进行鉴定;(3)创建我国冬瓜、节瓜种质资源的分子身份证产权保护系统;(4)鉴别和区分冬瓜种质资源中的同名异物或同物异名资源,构建核心冬瓜、节瓜种质资源库。     

《微生物学》精品资源共享课程建设的体会

优质资源的共享建设是服务学习型社会建设的重要载体。本项目通过构建学科教师、教育技术专任教师和学生三位一体的特色课程团队,借助教育技术的手段,搭建Moodle教学平台,录制微课等新型资源,通过双平台开展混合式教学改革,有利于在线学习、自主学习、碎片化学习和快速学习,提高了课程网站和教学互动平台的利用率,实现了优质资源的有效共享。本课程在考研资源库等拓展资源建设、课程团队组建上体现特色,实现了教学模式和育人机制的创新。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The mechanism of hatching of eggs of Haemonchus contortus

Fluid collected from hatching eggs of Haemonchus contortus contained a lipase which hydrolysed 2-naphthyl laurate (about 0·7 μmol naphthol freed /h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid also hydrolysed l-leucinamide (about 2·3 μmol leucine freed/h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid when added to normal or heated eggs caused ‘hatching’. ‘Hatching’ also occurred in exsheathing fluid from infective juveniles and in a preparation of pancreatic lipase containing leucine aminopeptidase. A purified mammalian leucine aminopeptidase in combination with several different lipases did not attack egg shells.The ‘spontaneous’ hatching of eggs of H. contortus was strongly inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, 10^?3M, and this inhibition was reversed by Zn²⁺. However, the inhibition of ‘hatching’ of eggs in externally applied hatching fluid, or the hydrolysis of leucinamide in hatching fluid was generally less marked.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.