白粉藤的木脂素和三萜成分

从白粉藤（Cissus repens Lank）地上部分分离得到5个木脂素和8个三萜,其中一个木脂素是新化合物,它的结构通过波谱分析和碱水解的方法鉴定为：（＋）-异落叶松树脂醇-9′-（2-对-香豆酰）-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷（1）。其余化合物分别是：（＋）-异落叶松树脂醇-9′-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷（2）,（＋）-Lyoniside（3）,（—）-开环异落叶松树脂醇-9-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷（4）,（7′R,8′S）-4′-hydroxy-3′,5-dimethoxy-7,8′-dihydrobenzofuran-1-propanolneolignan-9′-O-β-D-xylopyranoside（5）,木栓酮（6）,表木栓醇（7）,蒲公英赛醇乙酸酯（8）,熊果酸（9）,2α-羟基乌索酸（10）,积雪草酸（11）,Niga-ichigoside F1（12）,羽扇豆醇（13）。这些化合物都是首次从该植物中分离得到。     

芝麻木脂素超声提取工艺优化及其抗氧化性能

以料液比、超声时间、超声温度和静置时间为考察因素进行单因素试验和正交试验确定芝麻木脂素的最佳提取条件。通过改良邻苯三酚自氧化法测定芝麻木脂素清除O-2·能力来研究芝麻木脂素的抗氧化活性;用H2O2-Fe2＋体系诱导线粒体脂质过氧化,测定芝麻木脂素对丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响。结果表明：芝麻木脂素最佳提取条件为料液比1∶12（g/mL）,超声温度55℃,超声时间30 min,静置时间2 h,超声波辅助法提取芝麻渣中芝麻木脂素的提取量最高达到0.120 g（以100 g芝麻渣计）。芝麻渣提取物能有效清除O-2·,具有良好的抑制脂质过氧化的作用。     

飞龙掌血中三萜酸成分研究

从芸香科植物飞龙掌血中提取分离出4个新三萜酸,经波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为2α,3α,19α-trihydroxy11-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid（1）,2α,3α,11α,19α-tetrahydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid（2）,2α,3α-dillydroxy-19-oxo-18,19-seco-urs-11,13（18）-diene-28-oic acid（3）和2α,3α,19α-trihydroxy-olean-11,13（18）-dien-28-oic acid（4）。还分离鉴定出已知成分野鸭春酸（5）、arjunic acid（6）、飞龙掌血素、勒钩内脂和β-谷甾醇。     

杂色云芝分泌的具有螯合铁离子活性的低分子量成分在木素生物降解中作用机制的研究

从杂色云芝（Coriolus versicolor）培养基中分离到一类低分子量组分,该组分具有螯合Fe^3＋的能力,并能够将Fe^3＋还原为Fe^2＋,推测该组分可能是Fenton反应中的一类电子传递体．将此组分与酶分离木素（cellulolytic enzyme lignin,CEL）作用,并用^1H-NMR,^13C-NMR：离子差光谱及碱性硝基苯氧化方法对作用后CEL的结构变化进行了表征．结果表明,该组分能够破坏非酚型木素中的B-O-4结构,并且能够在非酚型木素结构中添加酚羟基,从而导致木素中形成新的酚型亚结构,使木素更易于被漆酶和锰过氧化物酶降解．因此,该组分可以加速木素降解酶对木素的降解．     

迷迭香水溶性物质及抗菌活性研究

采用硅胶柱色谱等方法对迷迭香水溶性提取物进行分离纯化,用^13C NMR、^1H NMR、Ms等方法鉴定出3个化合物：迷迭香酸（1）、香叶木素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甙（2）、木犀草素（3）,其中香叶木素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甙为首次从该植物中发现。对化合物2进行体外抑菌实验,结果为：对金色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌均有一定的抑菌作用。     

匙叶八角中一个新的倍半木脂素（英文）

从匙叶八角（Illicium spathulatum）果实中分离得到一个新的倍半新木脂素,通过现代波谱技术确定其结构为7′,8′-反式-7″,8″-顺式-5,3′,3″-三甲氧基倍半新木脂素。     

红蓼中木脂素成分的研究

从红蓼（ＰｏｌｙｇｏｎｕｍｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｅＬ．）中分得３个木脂素类化合物,经光谱分析和化学方法鉴定为牛蒡子甙（１）、拉帕酚Ｂ（２）和红蓼脂素（３）。其中化合物３为新化合物,１和２为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Triterpenoids from the Roots of Craibiodendron henryi W. W. Smith

A new triterpenoid, 11a.O.trans-p-coumaroyltaraxerol （1）, along with 11 known triterpenoids, taraxerone （2）, taraxerol （3）, 2α,3β,23,24-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid （4）, oleanolic acid （5）, β-amyrin （6）, 3β,23-dihydroxylursan-12-en- 28-oic acid （7）, 2α,3β-dihydroxyursan-12-en-28-oic acid （8）, 2α,3β,23-trihydroxyursan-12-en-28-oic acid （9）, 2α,3β,24- trihydroxyursan-12-en-28-oic acid （10）, u rsolic acid （11）, and 3-O-acetylursolic acid （12）, was isolated from Craibiodendron henryi W. W. Smith （Ericaceae）. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence. Antioxidant activity and vasodilator effect of compound 1 were assessed.     

短的化学成分

从短（ＰｉｐｅｒｍｕｌｅｓｕａＤ．Ｄｏｎ．）地上部分甲醇粗提取物中分离得到７个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为：β－谷甾醇（１）,ｒｅｔｒｏｆｒａｃｔａｍｉｄｅＡ（２）,ｃｈｉｎｇｃｈｅｎｇｅｎａｍｉｄｅＡ（３）,ｎｅｃｔａｎｄｒｉｎＢ（４）,（－）－ｎｅｃｔａｎｄｒｉｎＡ（５）,ｇａｌｇｒａｖｉｎ（６）。其中木脂素（４）、（５）系首次由胡椒属植物中分得。     

马来叉柱花叶中的一个新甜味甙的结构

从爵床科马来叉桂花植物的叶中分离到一个新甜味甙I,通过波谱分析（UV,IR,GLC,1H-NMK．13C-NMK,2D-NMK和MS）及衍生物的研究,其结构鉴定为3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸基-3β,21β,22β,23,29-五羟基齐墩果-12-烯-21-O-α-(2,3,4-O-三乙酸基)-L-鼠李糖甙．命名为马来叉柱花素（strogin）（I）．     

nor-Oleanene type triterpene glycosides from the leaves of Acanthopanax japonicus

Three new (1-3) and two known (4-5) triterpene glycosides were isolated from the leaves of Acanthopanax japonicus (Araliaceae) and elucidated structurally by mass, 1D, and 2D NMR spectroscopy. All the compounds possessed a nor-oleanene triterpene skeleton as the aglycone. The structures of 1-5 were established as 28-O-alpha-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester of 3beta-hydroxy- 30-nor-olean-12,20(29)-diene-23,28-dioic acid, designated as acanjaposide A, 3beta- hydroxy-23-oxo-30-nor-olean-12,20(29)-diene-28-oic acid, named acanjaposide B, 3beta,20alpha-dihydroxy-23-oxo-30-nor-olean-12-en-28-oic acid, named acanjaposide C, and nipponoside E, a known saponin, respectively.     

Chemical constituents of leaves and stem bark of Plumeria obtusa

The continued studies on the constituents of the fresh leaves and stem bark of Plumeria obtusa Linn. have led to the isolation and characterization of four new triterpenoids, dammara-12,20(22)Z-dien-3-one (1), dammara-12,20(22)Z-dien-3beta-ol (2), olean-12-en-3beta,27-diol (3), and 27-hydroxyolean-12-en-3-one (4) and 12 known compounds, which included eight triterpenoids; dammara-3beta,20(S),25-triol (5), urs-12-en-3beta-hydroxy-27-Z-feruloyloxy-28-oic acid (6), 3beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (7), 3beta,27-dihydroxylupan-29-ene (8), 3beta-hydroxylupan-29-en-28-oic acid (9), 3beta-hydroxyursan-12-en-28-oic acid (11), 3beta-hydroxy-27-p-coumaroyloxy-olea-12-en-28-oic acid (12) and urs-12-en-3-one (15); an iridoid 1alpha-plumieride (10); a cardenolide 3alpha,14beta-dihydroxy-17beta-card-20(22)-enolide (13); a fatty acid ester methyl n-octadecanoate (14) and a steroid 3beta-hydroxy-delta5-stigmastane (16). The new constituents were characterized through spectroscopic studies including 1D (1H and 31C NMR) and 2D (COSY-45, NOESY, J-resolved, HMQC and HMBC) NMR and chemical transformations. This is the first report on the isolation of dammarane triterpenoids from P. obtusa. Compounds 5 and 6 are hitherto unreported from P. obtusa. The known compounds were identified by comparison of their spectral data with those reported in the literature.     

Oligosaccharide polyester and triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Polygala japonica

An oligosaccharide polyester, 1-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-(3-O-benzoyl)-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)-[6-O-(E)-feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-[6-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-(4-O-acetyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-4-O-[4-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (polygalajaponicose I), and four triterpenoid saponins, 3beta, 23, 27-trihydroxy-29-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (polygalasaponin XLVII), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-fucopyranosyl ester (polygalasaponin XLVIII), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->5)-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (polygalasaponin XLIX) and 2beta, 27-dihydroxy-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl 11-oxo-olean-12-en-23, 28-dioic acid 28-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->5)-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-fucopyranosyl ester (polygalasaponin L), in addition to five known compounds have been isolated from the roots of Polygala japonica.     

Biotransformation of betulinic and betulonic acids by fungi

Betulinic acid (1), a triterpenoid found in many plant species, has attracted attention due to its important pharmacological properties, such as anti-cancer and anti-HIV activities. The closely related, betulonic acid (2) also has similar properties. In order to obtain derivatives potentially useful for detailed pharmacological studies, both compounds were submitted to incubations with selected microorganisms. In this work, both were individually metabolized by the fungi Arthrobotrys, Chaetophoma and Dematium, isolated from the bark of Platanus orientalis as well as with Colletotrichum, obtained from corn leaves; such fungal transformations are quite rare in the scientific literature. Biotransformations with Arthrobotrys converted betulonic acid (2) into 3-oxo-7beta-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (3), 3-oxo-7beta,15alpha-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (4) and 3-oxo-7beta,30-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (5); Colletotrichum converted betulinic acid (1) into 3-oxo-15alpha-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic (6) acid whereas betulonic acid (2) was converted into the same product and 3-oxo-7beta,15alpha-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (4); Chaetophoma converted betulonic acid (2) into 3-oxo-25-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (7) and both Chaetophoma and Dematium converted betulinic acid (1) into betulonic acid (2). Those fungi, therefore, are useful for mild, selective oxidations of lupane substrates at positions C-3, C-7, C-15, C-25 and C-30.     

Triterpenoids from Sanguisorba officinalis

Seven triterpenoids, i.e., 3beta-[(alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-19beta-hydroxyurs-12,20(30)-dien-28-oic acid (1), 3beta-[(alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-urs-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 2alpha,3alpha,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-24,28-dioic acid 28-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), 3beta-[(alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-urs-12,19(20)-dien-28-oic acid (4), 3beta-[(alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-urs-12,19(29)-dien-28-oic acid (5), 3beta-[(alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-19alpha-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (6), 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-28-norurs-12,17,19(20),21-tetraen-23-oic cid (7), together with three known ones (8-10), were isolated from the roots of Sanguisorba officinalis. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compounds 7 and 10 showed marginal inhibition activity against the growth of tumor cell lines.     

A triterpenoid and its saponin from Phytolacca esculenta.

A new triterpenoid, esculentagenin, and its glycoside, esculentoside M, were isolated from the roots of Phytolacca esculenta and characterized as 11-oxo-3-O-methyloleanata-12-en-2β,3β,23-trihydroxy-28-oic acid and 3-O-[β - -glucopyranosyl (1→4)-β- -Xylopyranosyl]-28-O-β- -glucopyranosyl-11-oxo-30-methyloleanate-12-en-2β,3β,23-trihydroxy-28-oic acid by spectral and chemical evidence.     

野桂花化学成分研究

从野桂花（Osmanthus yunnanensis）地上部分95％乙醇提取物中首次分离得到18个化合物,应用波谱方法及与已知品对照的手段鉴定它们为：E-阿魏酸二十烷基酯（1）、β-谷甾醇（2）、羽扇豆醇（3）、齐墩果酸（4）、7-oxo-β—sitosterol（5）、乙酰齐墩果酸（6）、（6＇-O－palmitoyl）－sitosterol-3-O-β—D—glucoside（7）、rotundioic acid（8）、地榆糖甙II（9）、3β-hydroxy－27-p－（E）－eoumaroyloxyolean－12－en-28－oicacid（10）、3β—laydroxy-27-p－（Z）－coumaroyloxy－olean－12－en-28-oicacid（11）、hycandinic acid ester（12）、绿原酸丁酯（13）、4,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸丁酯（14）、28-O-β-D—glueopyranosyl rottmdioic acid（16）以及三个半萜类化合物：4,5-dihydroxyprenyl caffeate（15）、4-（6-O-caffeoyl -β-D—glucopyranosyloxy）-5-hydroxyprenyl caffeate（17）、4-β-D—glucopyranosyloxy5-hydroxyprenyl caffeate（18）。     

Long-chain α-hydroxy-(ω-1)-oxo fatty acids and α-hydroxy-1,ω-dioic fatty acids are cell wall constituents of Legionella (L. jordanis, L. maceachernii and L. micdadei)

Abstract Four long-chain fatty acids, 2-hydroxy-27-oxo-octacosanoic acid ( n 28:0(2-OH,27-oxo)), 2-hydroxy-29-oxo-triacontanoic acid ( n 30:0(2-OH,29-oxo)), 2-hydroxy-heptacosane-1,27-dioic acid (27:0(2-OH)-dioic) and 2-hydroxy-nonacosane-1,29-dioic acid (29:0(2-OH)-dioic) were identified by GLC-MS analysis in the phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether (PCP) extracts of Legionella jordanis, L. maceachernii and L. micdadei indicating that they are constituents of lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, five long-chain fatty acids (28:0(27-OH), 28:0(27-oxo), 30:0(29-oxo), 27:0-dioic and 29:0-dioic) previously identified in L. pneumophila (Moll, H. et al., FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 97 (1992), 1–6) were also found in these species. This is to our knowledge the first report on the existence of long chain 2-hydroxylated (ω-1)-oxo fatty acids and 2-hydroxylated 1,ω-dioic fatty acids.     

Triterpenoids from enkianthus campanulatus

From the leaves of Enkianthus campanulatus were isolated three new triterpenes, 3-oxo-19,23,24-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3β,6β, 19,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid and 3β,6β,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid.