除虫菊细胞的悬浮培养

除虫菊悬浮细胞从培养后第8天开始迅速生长,14 d达到最大生长量,其最适培养基为:MS 4mg·L-12,4-D 0.1mg·L-1NAA 0.3 mg·L-16-BA 30 g·L-1蔗糖,最适接种量为15 g·L-1,摇瓶装液的体积分数为40%,初始培养的最适pH值为5.8,收获时pH下降为4.6±1,最适培养温度为25℃.     

灵芝液体发酵条件的研究

本文采用液体摇瓶培养法,对灵芝（ＧａｎｏｄｅｒｍａＬｕｃｉｄｕｍ）液体发酵的适用温度、摇瓶装量、摇瓶转速、培养基初始ｐＨ、碳、氮源及其最适浓度进行了探讨。结果表明,灵芝液体发酵的适用温度为２５℃,摇瓶装量为１００～１２０ｍｌ／５００ｍｌ三角瓶,摇瓶转速为１２０～１５０ｒｐｍ,培养基初始ｐＨ为４５～５０,适用碳,氮源分别是玉米粉,黄豆饼粉,其最适浓度分别为３％、２５％     

培养基的组成及培养条件对茶树菇多糖产量的影响

本文研究了不同碳源,氮源以及发酵条件对茶树菇多糖产量的影响,并通过正交试验优化了深层发酵培养基。结果表明,茶树菇深层发酵最适的碳源为玉米粉,最适的氮源为酵母粉,最适的发酵条件为温度25℃,摇瓶装液量100mL/250mL,转速150r/min,接种量15%,起始pH自然。     

蔗渣发酵菌剂培养基的筛选及发酵条件的优化

采用单因素和正交试验研究了蔗渣高效发酵菌剂(芽孢杆菌B-A、曲霉菌F-A、链霉菌A-B)的摇瓶发酵最佳工艺条件.结果表明:芽孢杆菌B-A的最佳培养基配方:牛肉膏0.3%、蛋白胨1%、葡萄糖1%、NaCl 0.5%、可溶性淀粉0.5%、3.08%浓度的MnSO4溶液0.1;最适发酵条件为pH7、装液量100 ml(250 ml三角瓶)、36℃培养27 h.曲霉F-A的最佳培养基配方:葡萄糖3%、豆饼粉3%、蛋白胨1.2%、酵母膏0.3%、K2HPO4 0.05%、KH2PO40.05%、CaCl20.08%、MgSO40.04%、MnSO40.04%、ZnSO40.02%;最适发酵条件为pH6、装液量50 ml、30℃培养3 d.链霉菌A-B的最佳培养基配方:可溶性淀粉4.5%、蔗糖1%、豆饼粉3%、NaNO30.2%、ZnSO40.01%、KH2PO40.001%;最适发酵条件为pH7、装液量50 ml、30℃培养3 d.     

金针菇FV908菌株液体培养工艺

通过单因子试验统计分析,优化筛选了适于金针菇(Flammulina velatipes)FV908的适宜培养基和摇瓶培养条件,结果表明,其适宜的液体培养基组成为5.0%玉米粉,2.0%麸皮,0.1%KHOP4,0.05%MgSO4*7H2O,10μgVB1/100ml,50μgVB2/100ml;适宜的摇瓶培养条件为培养基的起始pH6.0～7.0,500ml摇瓶装量为150ml,接种量为10%,培养温度25℃,摇床转速为120r/min,菌丝干收率4.1g/100ml.     

青霉P-1产植酸酶发酵条件的研究

研究了碳源、氮源等对青霉(Penicillium)P-1液体发酵产植酸酶的影响。最佳碳源为蔗糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨和硝酸铵。最适发酵产酶条件为培养温度30℃,发酵培养基最适pH 5,摇瓶装液量10%,接种量4%,摇床转速120 r/min,培养时间96 h,最高酶活性可达78 U/L。     

杏鲍菇液体培养研究初报

采用液体摇瓶培养方法,对杏鲍菇适宜的液体培养基和液全培养条件（适宜温度,摇瓶装量,摇瓶转速,接种量,培养基初始pH等）进行了探讨。结果表明,杏鲍 菇适宜的液体培养基为：葡萄糖3%,蛋白胨0.2%,KH2PO40.05%,MgSO40.05%,pH6.5,适宜的液全培养条件为：培养温度25℃,培养基的初始pH6.5,摇瓶装量100-140ml/500ml,摇瓶转速150r/min,接种量10%,最佳培养时间7d。     

姬松茸摇瓶种子培养初探

对姬松茸(Agaricus bLazei.Murrill)的摇瓶培养作初步探索。结果表明:①适合姬松茸菌丝活化的培养基为:PDA,麸皮100 g/L,pH自然;②摇瓶培养适宜的培养基为:蔗糖2%,黄豆粉1%,玉米粉2%,酵母粉0.2%,(NH4)2SO4 0.1%,MgSO4·7H2O 0.05%,CaCO3 0.1%。     

酵母产γ-氨基丁酸发酵培养基的优化

目的：提高酵母产γ-氨基丁酸的能力。方法：采用单因素及正交设计实验对酵母产γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的培养基进行优化。结果：确定最适碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨和硫酸铵复合氮源,合适的无机盐为KH2PO4;最佳发酵培养基为3%葡萄糖,3%蛋白胨,0.3%（NH4）2SO4和0.1%KH2PO4。在此培养条件下,摇瓶发酵可以获得1.690g.L-1的GABA产量。结论：发酵培养基的优化,提高了菌株产γ-氨基丁酸的能力。     

酵母产γ-氨基丁酸发酵培养基的优化

目的:提高酵母产γ-氨基丁酸的能力。方法:采用单因素及正交设计实验对酵母产γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的培养基进行优化。结果:确定最适碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨和硫酸铵复合氮源,合适的无机盐为KH2PO4;最佳发酵培养基为3%葡萄糖,3%蛋白胨,0.3%(NH4)2SO4和0.1%KH2PO4。在此培养条件下,摇瓶发酵可以获得1.690g.L-1的GABA产量。结论:发酵培养基的优化,提高了菌株产γ-氨基丁酸的能力。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.