粪产碱杆菌青霉素G酰化酶在大肠杆菌中组成型表达及分离纯化

将粪产碱杆菌青霉素G酰化酶基因构建重组表达质粒pKKFPGA ,pKKFPGA再转化宿主菌DH5α,所得重组菌不需诱导便能高效表达青霉素G酰化酶 ,表达量达 2590u L ,比野生型粪产碱杆菌表达量高432倍 ,其菌体比活力达300 (u L) A₆₀₀。菌体破碎后的上清液经DEAE-SepharoseCL 6B离子交换层析和Butyl-SepharoseCL 4B疏水层析 ,即可得纯度提高 20倍、比活为 686u mg的青霉素G酰化酶 ,两步纯化的总收率达 91%。Western印迹分析表明5%的原前体青霉素酰化酶在胞内形成了包涵体 ,说明其成熟的限速步骤在胞内的运输阶段.     

重组青霉素G酰化酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达条件优化

 为获得巨大芽孢杆菌青霉素 G酰化酶 (PGA)的高产菌株和条件 ,构建了分泌表达 PGA的基因工程枯草杆菌菌株 ,对表达条件进行了优化 .以 LB作为初始培养基 ,考察了温度、苯乙酸、装液量、碳源对于工程菌 PGA产量的影响 .实验发现重组细胞产酶不再需要变温和苯乙酸诱导 .充足的通气量和适当浓度的淀粉可使细胞密度及 PGA表达量大为提高 .表达条件优化后 ,菌体 A60 0由 3提高到 2 0 ,PGA的表达量由 3～ 6U/ml提高到 35～ 40 U/ml,为目前生产用巨大芽孢杆菌表达量的 6倍 .     

嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌高温中性蛋白酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达、纯化及其酶学性质的研究

本文中嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(B. stearothermophilus)的高温中性蛋白酶基因在sacB基因启动子的调控下, 以蛋白酶自身或sacB基因的序列为信号肽, 分别实现了在枯草芽孢杆菌DB104中的高效表达. 表达产物经纯化后, 酶的比活力可达16530 U/mg, 纯化倍数达到3.8倍, 分子量约为35 kD. 对酶学性质的研究结果表明, 此酶的最适反应温度为65℃, 最适作用pH为7.5, 在65℃下反应1 h后, 仍可保留约80%的活力.     

产木聚糖酶枯草芽孢杆菌构建及表达条件优化

枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)具有很强的分泌能力,产酶能力强,属于食品级安全微生物.以枯草芽孢杆菌为宿主菌异源表达木聚糖酶,采用同源重组的方法将木聚糖酶基因连接到载体pWB980上,构建表达载体pWB980-xynZF-2,电击转化枯草芽孢杆菌WB600,获得重组工程菌WB600-pWB980-xynZF-2.对重组工程菌进行单因素发酵条件优化和正交试验.结果表明:重组枯草芽孢杆菌摇瓶发酵的最适接种量1％、种龄14 h、装液量50 mL、温度34℃,转速160 r/min、发酵时间192 h.在摇瓶发酵条件下,木聚糖酶产量可达到0.168 U/mL.     

耐碱性木聚糖酶基因在巨大芽孢杆菌中的表达及其酶学性质

摘要：【目的】从耐碱性木聚糖酶高产短小芽孢杆菌中克隆得到带有自身启动子的木聚糖酶基因,将其在巨大芽孢杆菌中进行表达,并对表达产物进行性质分析。【方法】将克隆得到的木聚糖酶基因xynA以及带有自身启动子序列的结构基因, 构建在芽孢杆菌表达载体pWH1520和改造后的载体pWG03中,得到重组质粒pWTEJX和pWGXYN,分别转化到巨大芽孢杆菌BM70中,获得重组巨大芽孢杆菌BMJXH9和BMGpp12;经过诱导产酶培养,均得到分泌表达。【结论】重组巨大芽孢杆菌BMGpp12比BMJXH9产酶活力提高了三倍     

重组枯草芽孢杆菌发酵廉价原料生产普鲁兰酶

[目的]构建长野芽孢杆菌普鲁兰酶突变体枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌株,优化发酵条件,筛选廉价的培养基原料生产普鲁兰酶。[方法]利用分子生物学手段,将基因pul324和表达载体p WB980连接,构建表达质粒p WB-pul324并转化Bacillus subtilis WB600;对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE分析和初始酶活的测定。进一步优化发酵条件,对不同碳源和氮源进行发酵培养基的筛选,同时研究不同金属离子的添加和培养基初始p H、接种量对发酵产酶的影响。[结果]获得基因工程菌B.subtilis WB600/p WB-pul324,SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示在89 k Da处有特异性条带,发酵初始酶活为12.34 U/ml;筛选得到玉米淀粉水解液和玉米浆干粉为培养基最适碳源和氮源,其最适浓度分别为50 g/L和30 g/L。Mn~(2+)、Fe~(3+)、Fe~(2+)和Tween-80的添加能提高发酵产酶活力。在最适初始p H 6.5,以最适5%接种量接种于优化后的培养基中,摇瓶发酵80 h普鲁兰酶的酶活达到414.48 U/ml。[结论]实现了普鲁兰酶突变体在枯草芽孢杆菌中的高效表达,筛选获得的培养基主要原料经济低廉,经过发酵条件优化后,重组菌酶活达到414.48 U/ml,是之前研究结果(20.16U/ml)的20倍。     

极端耐热木聚糖酶基因在枯草芽孢杆菌中的整合表达

目的:为了在枯草芽孢杆菌中整合表达极端耐热木聚糖酶。方法:将嗜热网球菌(Dictyoglomus thermophilum)Rt46B.1的极端耐热木聚糖酶基因xynB通过穿梭载体pDL整合到B.subtilis168染色体上,使其实现表达。结果:极端耐热木聚糖基因在枯草芽孢杆菌中成功整合并表达。结论:基因工程菌B.subtilis168-xynB能外泌表达极端耐热木聚糖酶,且表达水平为0.732IU/mL,比在大肠杆菌中的高。酶学性质表明,此酶分子量约为24kD,其最适反应温度为85℃,最适反应pH值为6.5,且在弱碱性条件下稳定。     

产碱性蛋白酶嗜碱芽孢杆菌的筛选及其研究

利用造纸黑液对土样进行富集,筛选出3株碱性蛋白酶酶活力较高的嗜碱芽孢杆菌X1、X2、X3。对它们的生长曲线,产酶曲线,在不同C、N源、pH值、盐浓度下的产酶活力进行的研究表明:3株嗜碱芽孢杆菌(Bacillussp.JBX1、X2、X5)酶活力较高(达到100U/mL),X2最高酶活可达140U/mL。最适pH值为9.5,碳源中的蔗糖,氮源中的酵母浸提物和硝酸钠均利于产酶。X1、X5两株嗜碱芽孢杆菌均表现出较强的耐盐耐高渗透压的能力。X1在11%的NaCl浓度下生长良好,酶活仍然达到80U/mL以上。而X2和X5对温度的耐受性比较强,在经70℃处理15min后依然保持了80%以上的酶活力,所产蛋白酶为高温碱性蛋白酶,从而为进一步的应用和研究奠定了基础。     

枯草芽孢杆菌WHNB02植酸酶的酶学性质研究

从118份样品中分离到1株产植酸酶的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis,WHNB02),其发酵液经乙醇沉淀、硫酸铵分级沉淀及Sephadex G-100柱层析等步骤后分离纯化了该酶,纯化倍数约为31.5倍,回收率为13.0%。该酶为单体酶,SDS-PAGE测得的分子量约为43ku,以植酸钠为底物的Km值为0.5mmol/L,酶反应的最适温度为60℃,80℃作用10min酶活保存61%,最适pH为7.0,在pH6.0~10.0范围内稳定,酶活性及稳定性都需Ca2 存在。EDTA、Mn2 、Ba2 (5mmol/L)对酶活具有很大的抑制作用。     

枯草芽孢杆菌内切木聚糖酶的分离纯化与鉴定

目的：建立一种简便、快速的木聚糖酶分离和提取方法。方法：采用活性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和均质提取法相结合,分离纯化枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)固体培养基发酵产物中的木聚糖酶,进一步用薄层色谱和高压液相色谱对木聚糖酶进行鉴定。结果：采用活性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和均质提取法相结合,从枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)固体培养基发酵产物中分离得到了两种内切木聚糖酶,酶解桦木木聚糖的产要产物以木二糖和木三糖为主。结论：活性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和均质提取法相结合是一种新的分离纯化木聚糖酶的简便、有效方法。     

巨大芽孢杆菌青霉素酰化酶在枯草杆菌中的表达及其分离纯化

青霉素酰化酶（ＰＧＡ）在医药工业起着重要的作用,它能够水解青霉素Ｇ产生６－氨基青霉烷酸（６－ＡＰＡ）和苯乙酸,６－ＡＰＡ是半合成青霉素的关键中间体．该酶广泛存在于各种微生物中如真菌和细菌中．国际上对Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ、Ａｒｔｈｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｖｉｓｃｏｓｕ...     

Molecular cloning of Bacillus sphaericus penicillin V amidase gene and its expression in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis

The Bacillus sphaericus gene coding for penicillin V amidase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of penicillin V to yield 6-aminopenicillanic acid and phenoxyacetic acid, has been isolated by molecular cloning in Escherichia coli. The gene is contained within a 2.2-kilobase HindIII-PstI fragment and is expressed when transferred into E. coli and Bacillus subtilis. The expression in B. subtilis carrying the recombinant plasmid is approximately two times higher than in the original B. sphaericus strain. A comparison of the purified enzyme from B. sphaericus and the expressed gene product in E. coli minicells suggests that the native enzyme consists of four identical subunits, each with a molecular weight of 35,000.     

Molecular cloning of Bacillus sphaericus penicillin V amidase gene and its expression in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.

The Bacillus sphaericus gene coding for penicillin V amidase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of penicillin V to yield 6-aminopenicillanic acid and phenoxyacetic acid, has been isolated by molecular cloning in Escherichia coli. The gene is contained within a 2.2-kilobase HindIII-PstI fragment and is expressed when transferred into E. coli and Bacillus subtilis. The expression in B. subtilis carrying the recombinant plasmid is approximately two times higher than in the original B. sphaericus strain. A comparison of the purified enzyme from B. sphaericus and the expressed gene product in E. coli minicells suggests that the native enzyme consists of four identical subunits, each with a molecular weight of 35,000.     

Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase from Alcaligenes faecalis.

The extracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase gene from Alcaligenes faecalis T1 was cloned into Escherichia coli DH1 by using the plasmid pUC8. An A. faecalis T1 genomic library was prepared in E. coli from a partial Sau3AI digest and screened with antibody against the depolymerase. Of the 29 antibody-positive clones, 1 (pDP14), containing about 4 kilobase pairs of A. faecalis T1 DNA, caused expression of a high level of depolymerase activity in E. coli. The enzyme purified from E. coli was not significantly different from the depolymerase of A. faecalis in molecular weight, immunological properties, peptide map, specific activity, or substrate specificity. Most of the expressed enzyme was found to be localized in the periplasmic space of E. coli, although about 10% of the total activity was found in the culture medium. Results of a deletion experiment with pDP14 showed that a large SalI fragment of about 2 kilobase pairs was responsible for expression of the enzyme in E. coli. The nucleotide sequence of the large SalI fragment has been determined. Comparison of the deduced amino terminus with that obtained from sequence analysis of the purified protein indicated that poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase exists as a 488-amino-acid precursor with a signal peptide of 27 amino acids.     

Expression and purification of extracellular penicillin G acylase in Bacillus subtilis

Penicillin G acylase (PGA) is one of the most important enzymes for the production of semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotics and their key intermediates. To enhance its expression, the PGA gene from Bacillus megaterium was amplified by PCR and subcloned into an expression vector under the control of the P43 promoter. The resulting construct was transferred into Bacillus subtilis WB600 and the transformant producing the most PGA was selected and designated SIBAS205. In contrast to the parent cells, which have to be induced by phenylacetic acid and cultured at 28 and 25 degrees C successively to produce PGA, the recombinant cells needed neither induction nor thermoregulation during fermentation at 37 degrees C. PGA was secreted and reached an expression level of 40 U/mL under optimized conditions. The enzyme was separated by centrifugation and purified by Al(2)O(3) adsorption and phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B hydrophobic chromatography with a yield of 85%. The purified enzyme had a specific activity of 45 U/mg protein.     

Extracellular production of human cystatin S and cystatin SA by Bacillus subtilis

We herein describe the development of a Bacillus subtilis system that can be used to produce large quantities of recombinant (r-) human salivary cystatins, a cysteine protease inhibitor of family 2 in the cystatin superfamily. The B. subtilis that lacked the alkaline protease E gene (DeltaaprE type mutant strain) was prepared by homologous recombination. The cDNA fragments coding for mature cystatins (S and SA) were ligated in frame to the DNA segment for the signal peptide of endoglucanase in the pHSP-US plasmid vector that was then use to transform the DeltaaprE type mutant strain of B. subtilis. The transformants carrying the expression vectors were cultivated in 5-L jar fermenters for 3 days at 30 degrees C. Both r-cystatin S and r-cystatin SA were successfully expressed and secreted into the culture broth, and were purified using a fast performance liquid chromatography system. The first use of DeltaaprE type mutant strain of B. subtilis made it possible to obtain a high yield of secreted protein, which makes this system an improvement over expression in Escherichia coli. We conclude that this system has high utility for expression of commercial quantities of secreted proteins.     

Cloning of the Bacillus subtilis glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase gene in Escherichia coli. Nucleotide sequence determination and properties of the plasmid-encoded enzyme

The Bacillus subtilis gene encoding glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase (amidophosphoribosyltransferase) was cloned in pBR322. This gene is designated purF by analogy with the corresponding gene in Escherichia coli. B. subtilis purF was expressed in E. coli from a plasmid promoter. The plasmid-encoded enzyme was functional in vivo and complemented an E. coli purF mutant strain. The nucleotide sequence of a 1651-base pair B. subtilis DNA fragment was determined, thus localizing the 1428-base pair structural gene. A primary translation product of 476 amino acid residues was deduced from the DNA sequence. Comparison with the previously determined NH2-terminal amino acid sequence indicates that 11 residues are proteolytically removed from the NH2 terminus, leaving a protein chain of 465 residues having an NH2-terminal active site cysteine residue. Plasmid-encoded B. subtilis amidophosphoribosyltransferase was purified from E. coli cells and compared to the enzymes from B. subtilis and E. coli. The plasmid-encoded enzyme was similar in properties to amidophosphoribosyltransferase obtained from B. subtilis. Enzyme specific activity, immunological reactivity, in vitro lability to O2, Fe-S content, and NH2-terminal processing were virtually identical with amidophosphoribosyltransferase purified from B. subtilis. Thus E. coli correctly processed the NH2 terminus and assembled [4Fe-4S] centers in B. subtilis amidophosphoribosyltransferase although it does not perform these maturation steps on its own enzyme. Amino acid sequence comparison indicates that the B. subtilis and E. coli enzymes are homologous. Catalytic and regulatory domains were tentatively identified based on comparison with E. coli amidophosphoribosyltransferase and other phosphoribosyltransferase (Argos, P., Hanei, M., Wilson, J., and Kelley, W. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 6450-6457).     

Expression of the Arthrobacter viscosus penicillin G acylase gene in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis

The penicillin G acylase gene cloned from Arthrobacter viscosus 8895GU was subcloned into vectors, and the recombinant plasmids were transferred into Escherichia coli or Bacillus subtilis. Both E. coli and B. subtilis transformants expressed the A. viscosus penicillin G acylase. The enzyme activity was found in the intracellular portion of the E. coli transformants or in the cultured medium of the B. subtilis transformants. Penicillin G acylase production in the B. subtilis transformants was 7.2 times higher than that in the parent A. viscosus. The A. viscosus penicillin G acylase was induced by phenylacetic acid in A. viscosus, whereas the enzyme was produced constitutively in both the E. coli and B. subtilis transformants carrying the A. viscosus penicillin G acylase gene.     

Expression of the Arthrobacter viscosus penicillin G acylase gene in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.

The penicillin G acylase gene cloned from Arthrobacter viscosus 8895GU was subcloned into vectors, and the recombinant plasmids were transferred into Escherichia coli or Bacillus subtilis. Both E. coli and B. subtilis transformants expressed the A. viscosus penicillin G acylase. The enzyme activity was found in the intracellular portion of the E. coli transformants or in the cultured medium of the B. subtilis transformants. Penicillin G acylase production in the B. subtilis transformants was 7.2 times higher than that in the parent A. viscosus. The A. viscosus penicillin G acylase was induced by phenylacetic acid in A. viscosus, whereas the enzyme was produced constitutively in both the E. coli and B. subtilis transformants carrying the A. viscosus penicillin G acylase gene.