中国生物多样性e-Science平台建设构想

本文结合国际生物多样性信息学发展趋势和生物多样性e-Science相关平台, 在分析我国前期工作成果和相关问题的基础上, 提出了基于服务架构(Service-Oriented Architecture, 简称SOA)和国际空间标准服务ISO 19119的中国生物多样性e-Science平台的三层结构(资源层、服务层和应用层), 并对e-Science平台建设的几个重要方向进行阐述: 组建强有力的协调组织、数据规范化和扩展、海量数据存储和计算、本体构建和语义分析、专题分析和领域建模、服务标准和服务内容以及科学社区的建设, 为我国进行生物多样性e-Science平台建设提供理论依据。     

生物多样性国际研究态势分析

生物多样性研究是综合性和高度交叉性的跨学科研究领域,是1997年底Science周刊上预测的1998年及近期的6个重大科学热点之一。检索1986—2008年间SCIE文献数据库中关于生物多样性的研究论文(article,proceedings paper和review),利用Thomson Data Analyzer(TDA)分析工具和Aureka分析平台进行数据挖掘。分析表明,该研究涉及多个学科领域,近年来在生态学领域的论文数量增加最多,而生物多样性保护、进化生物学、生物化学与分子生物学方面的论文增长速度较快。生物多样性研究越来越重视全球变化和人类社会对生物多样性的影响,DNA技术和基因工程等先进技术在生物多样性研究和保护中的作用也更加突出。     

生物多样性信息学研究进展

生物多样性信息学是一门蓬勃发展的新学科。它将现代的信息技术带入生物多样性及其相关学科的研究领域。它在生物多样性基础数据的数字化、模型工具和各种工具软件的开发、数据整合, 以及全球、地区和国家尺度生物多样性信息网络等多个方面的发展, 向我们展示了未来在全球范围内自由、免费共享生物多样性数据和信息, 以及人们行动起来共同关注、调查与监测野外生物多样性的前景。目前, 已有大量数字化的物种编目、标本馆标本、多媒体影像、研究文献等生物多样性基础信息可以通过互联网检索和利用。其中, 最值得关注的是一些成功的国际性研究项目, 如物种2000、全球生物多样性信息网络、生命条形码以及网络生命大百科全书。这些项目的成功不仅体现在对大量基础信息和数据的发布, 而且它们通过与生物多样性信息标准TDWG(Biodiversity Information Standards: TDWG)的合作, 推动了达尔文核心标准(Darwin Core)等一些重要的生物多样性信息标准的应用, 以及地区和国家性生物多样性信息节点的建立, 这些都为将来全球范围生物多样性信息的共享和数据交换奠定了重要基础。在数字化信息的基础上, 研究人员也开发了一些在特定研究领域应用的数据挖掘和模型工具, 例如基于数字化标本的地理分布预测工具MAXENT, 分类学专家知识管理的LifeDesk。公民科学理念的发展则向我们展示了公众和科学爱好者广泛参与以互联网为基础的生物多样性信息学研究活动。因此, 生物多样性信息学的发展前景广阔, 它将为我们实现全球保护战略目标, 应对生物多样性危机, 解决全球气候变化条件下生物多样性资源管理和利用建立坚实的信息基础。     

中国陆生脊椎动物野外调查的发展现状与文献分析

新中国成立以来,我国已开展了大量陆生脊椎动物的本底调查和多样性研究项目,取得了一系列成果,并有学者针对兽类、鸟类和两栖爬行类的野外调查监测进行了总结和展望,但尚缺乏对所有陆生脊椎动物类群的调查历史和现状的分析及基于文献收集的研究,特别是对调查方法和技术手段的对比与总结。因此,本文通过文献收集的方法,基于中国知网、Web of Science核心合集和以图书检索为主的读秀学术搜索,以“兽类”“鸟类”“爬行类”“两栖类”“动物资源”“调查”“监测”“新种”“新记录”和“物种多样性”作为检索词,检索并筛选了与兽类、鸟类、爬行类及两栖类陆生脊椎动物调查相关的文献资料共3,504篇,对陆生脊椎动物调查的研究文献在全国各省级行政区、生物多样性热点地区的分布,及其运用的调查方法和技术手段进行了系统的分析和比较。结果表明:相较兽类和两栖爬行类的调查,我国鸟类多样性的调查最多,发表文献占所有文献的70.26%。四川、云南的陆生脊椎动物调查最多,分别发表285篇、260篇文献。分布于我国的4个全球生物多样性热点地区的调查强度存在显著差异,印缅生物多样性热点地区和中国西南山地的研究文献较多,分别为348篇、...     

从文献计量角度分析中国生物多样性研究现状

以汤森路透科技集团的WEB OF KNOWLEDGE信息平台提供的Science Citation Index Expanded数据库为数据源,检索到从1997年至2009年期间国际生物多样性研究论文文献219773篇,其中11182篇来自于中国学者。利用NoteExpress软件,对这13a间生物多样性研究论文发表的国家分布、年度分布、研究机构、引用情况、期刊分布和学科分类等做的分析与比较表明:1)全球生物多样性研究的论文数量一直呈增长趋势,中国13年间每年发文量占当年全球生物多样性论文总量的百分率逐年增加;2)从论文总被引频次、篇均引用次数和h-index三项论文影响力特征参数分析,中国与国际其他国家相比有一定差距;3)从学科分类来看,与国际相比,中国在生物多样性保护领域、进化生物学和海洋与淡水生物学领域研究略显不足,昆虫学和真菌学研究领域活跃。     

继往开来,积极推动中国生物多样性科学发展——《生物多样性》创刊二十年回顾

《生物多样性》自1993年由中国科学院生物多样性委员会创办以来,一直秉承首任主编钱迎倩先生确定的刊物定位:紧跟国际热点和趋势,反映中国生物多样性科学研究进展;及时报道保护、管理和持续利用生物多样性的经验,包括法律法规和国际履约。时逢《生物多样性》创办20周年,我们总结了刊物的发展历程,分析了创刊以来策划的研究热点、报道对象、作者队伍及产生的影响,以期更好为推动中国生物多样性科学发展服务。这些年,生物多样性科学领域的热点问题,如生物入侵、全球变化下的生物多样性、DNA条形码、生物多样性监测与变化机制、谱系多样性、生物多样性信息学等,以及《生物多样性公约》及其履行进展在本刊上都得到了及时报道,2000年以后出版的13个专刊(专栏)更是热点问题的集中体现。在发表的1,189篇(不包括增刊)文章中物种多样性方面文章最多,遗传多样性方面的文章次之;从研究类群上看,植物和动物方面的文章明显多于微生物方面的文章。研究对象的地理分布则与所属地区的多样性丰富程度或受关注程度有一定的相关性。刊物目前已形成较为稳定的作者群,发表文章最多的前10位作者分别来自中国科学院(6人)、北京大学(2人)和复旦大学(2人);文章的平均作者数从1993年的约1.5人/篇增加到2011年的约4人/篇,一定程度上反映了团队合作的态势;每篇文章的平均页码数也从创刊时的平均5页左右逐渐增加到目前的10页左右,文章的信息量大大增加。发表的论文主要受国家自然科学基金、科技部项目和中国科学院项目资助,表明作者群的层次是比较高的。发表的论文中被引次数大于40的文章超过200篇,最高达970次(中国知网,2012年8月10日检索);被SCI刊物的引用次数也呈逐年递增趋势。《生物多样性》是目前我国发表生物多样性研究成果最多、影响最大、生物多样性科学领域最重要的刊物。但毋庸讳言,《生物多样性》如国内其他中文科技期刊一样,正面临巨大挑战,如优秀稿源匮乏、刊物国际化和国内评价体系的压力、如何协调基础性和应用性、如何兼顾作者和读者的需求等。针对上述问题,我们提出了对策建议,指出《生物多样性》在"立足本土的国际化"和前沿创新与基础支撑兼顾的定位下,继续提高学术质量,并通过数字化平台和新闻媒体宣传发表的重要成果等方式,提高科技信息传播效率,扎实推动中国生物多样性科学的发展。     

中国生物多样性研究文献计量分析

生物多样性是人类赖以生存的重要物质基础，中国在生物多样性研究领域做了大量的工作，发表了众多有价值的学术论文。通过文献计量方法，对2009-2018年中国生物多样性研究领域WOS（Web of Science）和CNKI（中国知网）数据库收录论文的数量及被引情况、载文期刊分布等进行统计；并借助CiteSpace文献可视化软件，分析论文的作者合作、合作机构、国家（地区）合作和研究热点等。结果表明：2009-2018年间，中国生物多样性研究领域共发表论文17035篇，其中CNKI收录文献13365篇，WOS收录文献3670篇；年度发文总量以及WOS年度发文量总体呈上升趋势；CNKI文献被引频次最高的论文是于2009年发表在《生物多样性》上的"植物群落清查的主要内容、方法和技术规范"，WOS文献被引频次最高的论文是于2011年发表在Global Change Biology上的"TRY-a global database of plant traits"；朴世龙教授、骆亦其教授和唐志尧教授等是基于WOS文献的生物多样性研究领域核心作者，王得祥教授、马克平研究员和张文辉教授等基于CNKI文献的生物多样性研究领域主要作者；WOS文献与CNKI文献发文量最多的机构均为中国科学院所属相关科研院所；与中国合作的国家或地区共有106个，包括美国、英国、澳大利亚等；《生态学报》和Global Change Biology分别是该领域中文和外文文献的重要期刊载体；基于WOS文献的研究热点为气候、土壤等环境因子变化对物种多样性的影响研究以及基于微卫星分子标记技术的物种遗传多样性研究，基于CNKI文献的研究热点为环境因子与群落结构的关系研究。上述研究结果从收录论文的角度，定量、客观、科学地描述了2009-2018年中国生物多样性研究状况及研究热点，以期促进中国生物多样性的深入研究，并为相关领域学者凝练研究动向和科学问题等提供参考信息。     

中国半翅目等29目昆虫2020年新分类单元

以中国半翅目等29目昆虫类群(除鞘翅目、双翅目、鳞翅目、膜翅目之外的其他目)为研究对象, 基于2020年度发表的新分类单元与文献资料, 编制了物种名录, 分析了新分类单元的地理分布与模式标本存放情况等。2020年, 中国半翅目等29目昆虫共描述349个新分类单元, 包括新属35个, 新种311个, 新亚种3个; 新种发表的热点地区在我国的西南山地及其邻近地区。模式标本存放单位多达69家, 其中正模标本主要存放在国内保藏机构, 而境外机构保藏的标本较少且以副模标本为主。本年度描述的349个新分类单元由356位作者所贡献, 共发表文献182篇; Zootaxa和ZooKeys是发表的主要期刊。本次调查为进一步深入研究物种演化的时空格局及生物多样性保护提供了基础数据。同时, 由于人类面临生物多样性急剧下降的威胁, 应加快大数据平台的建设及其多样化信息的挖掘, 支撑生物多样性的研究和保护。     

《生物多样性公约》企业与生物多样性全球平台的发展情况及对中国的政策建议

《生物多样性公约》(以下简称《公约》)是国际社会协力保护生物多样性最主要的公约, 也是中国参与和引领全球生态文明建设的重要平台。《公约》一直不断推动企业参与生物多样性保护的相关工作和国际体系建设。该国际体系主要包括两大支柱: 一是“企业与生物多样性全球伙伴关系”国际机制(Global Partnership on Business and Biodiversity, 以下简称GPBB机制); 二是“企业与生物多样性全球伙伴关系”资源平台(Global Platform for Business and Biodiversity, 以下简称GPBB平台)。前者是工作组织和资金机制, 后者是前者的技术支持和保障机制, 二者相辅相成, 协同增效。总体来看, 自1996年《公约》第三次缔约方大会(COP-3)以来, GPBB平台的相关概念和机制不断发展完善, 至今已形成了一个GPBB平台在线数据库, 可为我国推进相关工作提供技术支撑。通过梳理总结GPBB平台及其相关机制等的发展情况, 得出: (1)企业参与生物多样性保护的意愿及对GPBB平台的需求日益增强; (2)《公约》对企业参与的要求更加明确; (3)《公约》对如何促进企业参与生物多样性的路线图更加清晰; (4) GPBB机制已基本建立; (5) GPBB平台已基本完善。展望未来, GPBB平台发展将有望继续保持以下三大趋势: (1)平台建设力度将不断加强; (2)平台的影响将不断提升; (3)平台发展将向重点部门倾斜。目前, GPBB平台可提供相关最新研究成果、方法学、工具、自愿性标准和指引、简报、最佳实践案例等免费信息, 以及一系列项目实施过程中的企业参与机会, 以支持企业在决策和运营中纳入生物多样性, 并鼓励支持各国政府、企业、非政府组织和学术科研机构等多利益相关方共同参与、贡献与受益。中国自2015年正式加入GPBB机制后, 对各成员国的企业参与倡议开展了较为深入的研究, 为成立发起“中国企业与生物多样性伙伴关系”(CBBP)联盟倡议做出有益探索。但总体而言, 对GPBB平台的研究借鉴以及参与建设还有很多工作可做。我们建议: (1)在制度贡献方面, 应加强政策研究, 研提COP-15企业参与新决议草案; (2)在机制建设方面, 积极参与和逐渐引领GPBB机制建设, 协力支撑一带一路等中国倡议; (3)在人员保障方面, 加强人才队伍建设, 提升引领能力; (4)在GPBB平台方面, 加强研究借鉴和技术参与, 为GPBB平台建设提供技术支持。     

生物DNA条形码:十年发展历程、研究尺度和功能

DNA条形码为现代生物学研究提供了丰富的分子信息、标准的数据平台和通用的技术规程。本文从动物、植物和微生物等三方面简要梳理了生物DNA条形码近十年来的兴起和发展历程。参照DNA条形码特征,将其生物学功能归纳为基本功能(如储备数据、鉴别物种)、延伸功能(如构建系统发育关系、服务特定行业、编制新一代生物图志)以及潜在功能(如物种整合)等三类。根据研究尺度,划分出类群(主要是专科专属类研究)、群落(以自然保护区和大型固定样地构成的生物群落)和区域(生物多样性热点地区)等三个水平。列出了国际生命条形码组织开展的十大类研究项目,从系统与分类学、生物多样性保护、系统发育进化生态学和数字化平台建设等四个方面分析了DNA条形码方法涉及的若干重要科学议题,并指出在各学科应用时可能遇到的问题。DNA条形码技术在生物科学领域潜力巨大,但还需在研究和论证过程中不断完善。     

国际生物多样性研究科学计划与热点述评

生物多样性与人类生活密切相关.近年来不断加剧的人类活动,对生物多样性造成了严重破坏.已有研究表明,地球上的物种正以前所未有的速度丧失.为了遏止这种状况,目前,世界上许多国际组织和国家都对生物多样性及其相关问题展开研究,并制定了与生物多样性保护相关的法规和战略计划,也采取了许多保护生物多样性的行动.DIVERSITAS是国际全球环境变化(GEC)四大研究计划之一,也是生物多样性领域最大的国际科学计划, DIVERSITAS于2001年开始启动了第Ⅱ阶段研究并确定了新的核心研究计划和跨学科交叉网络计划.世界自然保护联盟(The World Conservation Union,IUCN)在2008年发布了<塑造可持续的未来:IUCN 2009～2012年计划>,提出了5个优先主题领域.欧盟于2006年通过了一项保护生物多样性的新战略--<2010年及未来阻止生物多样性丧失:人类福祉的可持续生态服务>.此外,很多国际/国家基金组织还发起了一些全球性的生物多样性计划,如国际海洋生物普查计划、生命之树计划、国际生命条码计划等.本文对上述生物多样性保护和研究的国际计划予以概要介绍和评述,并指出当前国际上生物多样性研究的主要热点,即:生物多样性变化与生态系统功能;生物多样性和生态系统服务的价值评估;生物多样性与气候变化;生物多样性长期动态监测;生物多样性的评价指标等.     

Biodiversity at the global scale: the synthesis continues

Traditionally, the generation and use of biodiversity data and their associated specimen objects have been primarily the purview of individuals and small research groups. While deposition of data and specimens in herbaria and other repositories has long been the norm, throughout most of their history, these resources have been accessible only to a small community of specialists. Through recent concerted efforts, primarily at the level of national and international governmental agencies over the last two decades, the pace of biodiversity data accumulation has accelerated, and a wider array of biodiversity scientists has gained access to this massive accumulation of resources, applying them to an ever-widening compass of research pursuits. We review how these new resources and increasing access to them are affecting the landscape of biodiversity research in plants today, focusing on new applications across evolution, ecology, and other fields that have been enabled specifically by the availability of these data and the global scope that was previously beyond the reach of individual investigators. We give an overview of recent advances organized along three lines: broad-scale analyses of distributional data and spatial information, phylogenetic research circumscribing large clades with comprehensive taxon sampling, and data sets derived from improved accessibility of biodiversity literature. We also review synergies between large data resources and more traditional data collection paradigms, describe shortfalls and how to overcome them, and reflect on the future of plant biodiversity analyses in light of increasing linkages between data types and scientists in our field.     

Establishing Baseline Indices for the Quality of the Biodiversity of Restored Habitats Using a Standardized Sampling Process

The need for standardized biodiversity assessment methods to enable biodiversity quality to be measured is outlined. A general approach to sampling is suggested. The results of the use of this sampling process are given for two case studies of different taxonomic groups. The data assessment is made easier by the use of a bespoke computer program. Examples of the program output are presented. The advantage of this standardized measurement of biodiversity compared to species lists and the use of indicator species are outlined in the case studies macrofungi and butterflies. It was shown that the biodiversity quality of sites can be compared by the use of a range of measured biodiversity indices in a way that allows sites to be compared through time or between sites/treatments. In one case (butterflies), data that have been collected systematically in a recording scheme have been analyzed retrospectively and yielded valuable information on changes in biodiversity quality. The uses of this method in establishing baselines in restoration ecology are discussed. The importance of restoration ecology in the conservation of biodiversity could be underlined by the use of the methods presented in this article.     

A suite of essential biodiversity variables for detecting critical biodiversity change

Key global indicators of biodiversity decline, such as the IUCN Red List Index and the Living Planet Index, have relatively long assessment intervals. This means they, due to their inherent structure, function as late‐warning indicators that are retrospective, rather than prospective. These indicators are unquestionably important in providing information for biodiversity conservation, but the detection of early‐warning signs of critical biodiversity change is also needed so that proactive management responses can be enacted promptly where required. Generally, biodiversity conservation has dealt poorly with the scattered distribution of necessary detailed information, and needs to find a solution to assemble, harmonize and standardize the data. The prospect of monitoring essential biodiversity variables (EBVs) has been suggested in response to this challenge. The concept has generated much attention, but the EBVs themselves are still in development due to the complexity of the task, the limited resources available, and a lack of long‐term commitment to maintain EBV data sets. As a first step, the scientific community and the policy sphere should agree on a set of priority candidate EBVs to be developed within the coming years to advance both large‐scale ecological research as well as global and regional biodiversity conservation. Critical ecological transitions are of high importance from both a scientific as well as from a conservation policy point of view, as they can lead to long‐lasting biodiversity change with a high potential for deleterious effects on whole ecosystems and therefore also on human well‐being. We evaluated candidate EBVs using six criteria: relevance, sensitivity to change, generalizability, scalability, feasibility, and data availability and provide a literature‐based review for eight EBVs with high sensitivity to change. The proposed suite of EBVs comprises abundance, allelic diversity, body mass index, ecosystem heterogeneity, phenology, range dynamics, size at first reproduction, and survival rates. The eight candidate EBVs provide for the early detection of critical and potentially long‐lasting biodiversity change and should be operationalized as a priority. Only with such an approach can science predict the future status of global biodiversity with high certainty and set up the appropriate conservation measures early and efficiently. Importantly, the selected EBVs would address a large range of conservation issues and contribute to a total of 15 of the 20 Aichi targets and are, hence, of high biological relevance.     

Things We Like: Human Preferences among Similar Organisms and Implications for Conservation

Human preferences will increasingly determine many species’ prospects for survival. However, aside from a small number of survey-based studies of preference among disparate taxa, human species preferences have received little attention. I determined human aesthetic preferences among a relatively homogenous group, the penguins, from representation in all recently published, comprehensive, popular books of photographs of penguins (n = 4 books; 304 photographs). Representation of visually distinguishable types of penguins, measured by total photograph area, was highly skewed and rankings were highly concordant across books, suggesting large and commonly held differences in aesthetic appeal. Multiple regression analysis indicated that amount of warm color was the only significant determinant of representation, and warm color was highly correlated (r ² = 0.96) with mean representation of the penguin types. Body size and neotenic form, traits found to influence human preferences among other animals, were not significant, suggesting that the bases of human species preferences differ by species type. The results of this study indicate that human aesthetic preferences discriminate finely among species and may be based on minor features. Conservationists must be vigilant to the potential for aesthetic responses to influence conservation efforts.     

Interactive effects of global change drivers as determinants of the link between soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning

Biodiversity, both aboveground and belowground, is negatively affected by global changes such as drought or warming. This loss of biodiversity impacts Earth's ecosystems, as there is a positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF). Even though soils host a large fraction of biodiversity that underlies major ecosystem functions, studies exploring the relationship between soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (sBEF) as influenced by global change drivers (GCDs) remain scarce. Here we highlight the need to decipher sBEF relationships under the effect of interactive GCDs that are intimately connected in a changing world. We first state that sBEF relationships depend on the type of function (e.g., C cycling or decomposition) and biodiversity facet (e.g., abundance, species richness, or biomass) considered. Then, we shed light on the impact of single and interactive GCDs on soil biodiversity and sBEF and show that results from scarce studies studying interactive effects range from antagonistic to additive to synergistic when two individual GCDs cooccur. This indicates the need for studies quantitatively accounting for the impacts of interactive GCDs on sBEF relationships. Finally, we provide guidelines for optimized methodological and experimental approaches to study sBEF in a changing world that will provide more valuable information on the real impact of (interactive) GCDs on sBEF. Together, we highlight the need to decipher the sBEF relationship in soils to better understand soil functioning under ongoing global changes, as changes in sBEF are of immediate importance for ecosystem functioning.     

都江堰地区──横断山北段生物多样性交汇、分化和存留的枢纽地段

都江堰地区位于四川盆地西缘山地、西藏高原向成都平原的过渡,位置特殊,是大尺度复合性的生态过渡中地理要素在此交汇过渡。气候处于中亚热带,植被基带为 阔叶林。由于气候温润,加上地形崎岖,岭谷相同,物种交汇,分化强烈,境内最高山光光山海拔４５８２ｍ,高于附近平源３８８０ｍ,植被垂直带谱清晰完整,是横断山北段生物多样性保护关键区的代表。     

Multivariate mapping of spatial variation in biodiversity in Peruvian Amazonia

Abstract. Variation of biodiversity over 72 600 km² of tropical rain forest was mapped by multiple characteristics using a new combined nominal–numerical classification system. Three hundred and sixty-nine tree genera were grouped into classes by eight taxonomic, geographical, phylogenetic and ecological characteristics. Each grid cell was assigned to a nominal biodiversity type by its dominant classes and classified numerically by its share of total variation in study area biodiversity. Differentiation of 0.5° cells by nominal classification was inferior to numerical classification, but improved at higher resolution. The nominal and numerical classifications were shown to have potential for complementary roles in conservation planning.     

Biogeographic distribution of the Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata)

More than 1982 species in 90 genera were included in an analysis of the biogeography of the Phytoseiidae, a family of predatory mites. Seven biogeographic regions were taken into account: Nearctic, Neotropical, Ethiopian, West Palaearctic, East Palaearctic, Oriental, and Australasian. The number of species was particularly high in the Neotropical, Oriental, and West Palaearctic regions. These regions also present the highest levels of species endemism. The number of genera was quite similar in all regions except for the Neotropics, which also had a high level of endemism. The possible Gondwanian (Neotropical, Ethiopian, Australasian, and Oriental regions) origin of the Phytoseiidae, most probably in the Neotropics, and their possible radiation to Laurasia (Nearctic, West Palaearctic, and East Palaearctic regions) are discussed. The comparison between genera and species in the different biogeographic regions indicate the importance of both dispersal and vicariance events in the evolution of the group. Dispersal is assumed to have been most important between Neotropical and Nearctic regions and between East Palaearctic and Oriental regions, whereas vicariance could have been the dominating process between Australasian, Ethiopian, and Oriental regions, as well as between West and East Palaearctic regions. A parsimony analysis of endemicity showed the Neotropical and the Nearctic regions to be isolated from the other regions. This is certainly due to a diversification after the continents drifted apart and then a high dispersal between Nearctic and Neotropical regions. Different phylogenetic hypotheses and scenarios are proposed for each subfamily based on the results obtained and further investigations are proposed.  © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2008, 93 , 845–856.     

生物多样性信息学:一个正在兴起的新方向及其关键技术

生物多样性科学和生物信息学是生命科学中两个极为重要也是十分活跃的交叉学科,生物多样性信息学则是目前正在兴起的一个新方向,基发展必将进一步深化信息技术在生物多样性研究中的应用。本文简要介绍了国内外该领域的主要目标与进展,讨论了有关的关键技术（如数据库间的互操作与数字图书馆）,并列出了两个原型系统（Ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ２０００和ＧＢＩＦ）和其他相关系统的网址。