Determination of iron, copper, zinc, magnesium and selenium in plasma and erythrocytes in neurosurgical patients.

A direct method for determination of Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg and Se in erythrocytes was developed. The aim of the present study was to establish a method for examining perioperative levels of the above mentioned elements simultaneously in erythrocytes and plasma by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 11 patients undergoing neurosurgery for acute spinal nerve compressions because of intervertebral disk prolapses. Reference values for erythrocytes were 11.49 +/- 3.48 mmol/mmol Hb; 0.82 +/- 0.087 mmol/mmol Hb; 9.01 +/- 2.20 mmol/mmol Hb; 0.104 +/- 0.032 mmol/mmol Hb; 0.07 +/- 0.050 mmol/mmol Hb for iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, and selenium, respectively. Postoperative erythrocyte concentrations did not differ significantly compared to those obtained preoperatively and remained within the reference ranges perioperatively. For plasma the following reference values were used: 19.0 +/- 8.0 mmol/l (Fe); 20.1 +/- 8.2 mmol/l (Cu); 15.4 +/- 4.6 mmol/l (Zn); 0.9 +/- 0.15 mmol/l (Mg); 1.02 +/- 0.3 mmol/l (Se). There was a significant decrease in the concentration of copper in plasma (13.41 +/- 3.46 mmol/l, p < 0.1) and zinc (10.73 +/- 2.73 mmol/l, p < 0.1) immediately postoperative, iron (10.56 +/- 3.91 mmol/l, p < 0.1) and zinc on day 1 (11.28 +/- 1.88 mmol/l, p < 0.10), and a significant postoperative increase of copper on day 5 (18.81 +/- 3.97 mmol/l, p < 0.1), postoperatively. The mean plasma concentrations of iron, copper, zinc magnesium and selenium remained within the reference ranges during the entire period.     

ABA对黑黄檀种子萌发的抑制作用以及其他植物激素对ABA的拮抗作用

以云南特有濒危树种黑黄檀(Dalbergia fusca)的种子为材料,研究了脱落酸(ABA)对种子萌发的抑制作用,以及种子萌发过程中吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉酸(GA_3)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)和乙烯利对ABA的拮抗作用.黑黄檀种子萌发的适宜温度为30℃.交替光照(14 h光照和10 h黑暗)以及黑暗对种子萌发没有明显的影响.0.001～0.1 mmol/L ABA不影响种子的萌发率,但降低种子的萌发进程;1 mmol/L和2.5mmol/L ABA显著地抑制种子的萌发率和萌发进程.种子的萌发率不被0.0001～1 mmol/L IAA和GA3、0.0001～0.1 mmol/L 6-BA、以及0.001～10 mmol/L 乙烯利(乙烯供体)的影响,但被1 mmol/L 6-BA抑制.1mmol/L ABA对种子萌发的抑制作用能被0.01～1 mmol/L IAA、0.01～1 mmol/L GA3、0.001～0.1 mmol/L 6-BA和0.1～10 mmol/L乙烯利所拮抗,而且这种拈扰作用与植物激素的类型和浓度有关.0.01 mmol/L 6-BA和0.1 mmol/L乙烯利对l mmol/L ABA抑制作用的拈抗不能被添加0.001 mmol/L IAA或者O.001 mmol/L GA3加成.但0.1 mmol/L 乙烯利对1 mmol/L ABA抑制作用的拮抗能够被添加O.01 mmol/L 6-BA或者0.1 mmol/L 6-BA加成,导致更高的萌发率和幼苗生长.     

Formation of 6-O-alpha-maltosylcyclomalto-oligosaccharides by transfer action of three debranching enzymes

O-Maltosylcyclomaltohexaoses (G2-cG6) were formed in yields of 24.3 and 23.2 mmol from 40 mmol of alpha-maltosyl fluoride (alpha-G2F) and 90 mmol of cyclomaltohexaose (cG6) by the transfer action of pullulanase from Aerobacter aerogenes (A-pullulanase) and isoamylase from Pseudomonas amyloderamosa, respectively. These yields were three times that given by pullulanase from Bacillus acidopullulyticus (B-pullulanase). The yields of O-maltosylcyclomalto-oligosaccharides were changed according to the origin of the enzymes and the kind of cyclomalto-oligosaccharide (cG6, cG7, or cG8) used as the acceptor. By the reaction with 40 mmol of alpha-G2F and 90 mmol of cG6, 20 mmol of alpha-G2F and 30 mmol of cG7, or 40 mmol of alpha-G2F and 90 mmol of cG8, the amounts of O-maltosylcyclomalto-oligosaccharides produced and the transfer ratios of alpha-G2F to the acceptors were as follows. By A-pullulanase, 24.3 mmol of G2-cG6 was produced in a 60.8% transfer ratio, whereas the yields of G2-cG7 and G2-cG8 were 1.7 mmol (8.5%) and 8.4 mmol (21.0%), respectively. The yields of G2-cG6, G2-cG7, and G2-cG8 by B-pullulanase were 8.8 mmol (22.0%), 1.2 mmol (6.0%), and 11.7 mmol (29.3%), respectively. In the case of isoamylase, G2-cG7 (9.2 mmol, 46.0%) and G2-cG8 (20.9 mmol, 52.3%) were produced, as much as for G2-cG6 (23.2 mmol, 58.0%). It was suggested that the difference in the amounts of G2-cG6 produced by these three debranching enzymes is based on the difference in the mode of action on the alpha-G2F used as the substrate, either a transfer action or a hydrolytic action.     

氟代柠檬酸对体外培养的神经胶质瘤细胞G422增殖的抑制效应

为研究氟代柠檬酸(Fluorocitrate)对体外培养的神经胶质瘤细胞生长的影响,采用MTT法研究不同的氟代柠檬酸浓度(0.0025mmol/L,0.005mmol/L,0.01 mmol/L,0.025mmol/L和0.1 mmol/L)和作用时间(36h,48h和60h)对神经胶质瘤细胞G422增殖的影响.结果发现:(1)氟代柠檬酸可抑制G422细胞的增殖,并且其抑制作用随氟代柠檬睃浓度的增加而增强;(2)高浓度(0.01 mmol/L,0.025 mmol/L和0.1 mmol/L)氟代柠檬酸对G422细胞的增殖抑制作用随作用时问的延长而增强:(3)低浓度(0.0025mmol/L和0.005mmol/L)氟代柠檬酸对G422细胞的增殖抑制作用不随作用时间的延长而改变.实验表明,氟代柠檬酸能够抑制神经胶质瘤细胞的增殖,其抑制能力随氟代柠檬酸浓度的增加和作用时间的延长而加强.     

兰州地区健康体检者血脂水平分析

目的:通过检测兰州地区健康体检者空腹血脂水平了解本地区人群血脂水平现状及血脂异常情况,建立本地区血脂参考值。方法:采用全自动生化分析仪检测兰州市2328名健康体检者,血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。比较不同年龄、性别血脂水平差异。结果:本地区2328名被检者,女性TC平均(4.54±0.94)mmol/L,TG中位数1.24mmol/L、HDL-C平均(1.34±0.26)mmol/L、LDL-C平均(2.61±0.76)mmol/L;男性TC平均(4.52±0.84)mmol/L、TG中位数1.56mmol/L mmol/L、HDL-C平均(1.20±0.23)mmol/L LDL-C平均(2.76±0.72)mmol/L,血脂水平随年龄增加逐渐升高(P<0.05)。血脂参考范围为女性TC:2.70~6.38 mmol/L、TG:0.52~3.66 mmol/L、HDL-C:0.83~1.85 mmol/L、LDL-C:1.12~4.10 mmol/L男性:TG:2.87~6.17 mmol/L、0.65~4.00 mmol/L、0.75~1.65 mmol/L、1.35~4.17 mmol/L。男性高TC、高TG、低HDL-C和高LDL-C患病率为18.2%、42.8%、19.6%和28%,女性高TC、高TG、低HDL和高LDL的患病率分别为22.1%、25.5%、2.7%和23.5%。结论:兰州地区血脂水平随年龄、性别、地区不同存在较大差异,临床上不能采用统一标准衡量,而应根据本地区建立的参考值诊断高脂血症。积极控制血脂水平、降低高脂血症患病率预防心脑血管疾病发生。     

Ionic composition of endolymph and perilymph in the inner ear of the oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau

The concentrations of free Na+, K+, Ca(+, and Cl(-)in endolymph and perilymph from the inner ear of the oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau, were measured in vivo using double-barreled ion-selective electrodes. Perilymph concentrations were similar to those measured in other species, while endolymph concentrations were similar to those measured previously in elasmobranch fish, though significantly different from concentrations reported in mammals. Perilymph concentrations (mean +/- std. dev.) were as follows: Na+, 129 mmol l(-1) +/- 20; K+, 4.96 mmol l(-1) +/- 2.67; Ca2+, 1.83 mmol l(-1) +/- 0.27; and Cl(-), 171 mmol l(-1) +/- 20. Saccular endolymph concentrations were Na+, 166 mmol l(-1) +/- 22; K+, 51.4 mmol l(-1) +/- 16.7; Ca2+, 2.88 mmol l(-1) +/- 0.27; and Cl(-), 170 mmol l(-1) +/- 12; and semicircular canal (utricular vestibule) endolymph concentrations were Na+, 122 mmol l(-1) +/- 15; K+, 47.7 mmol l(-1) +/- 13.2; Ca2+, 1.78 mmol l(-1) +/- 0.48; Cl(-), 176 mmol l(-1) +/- 27. The relatively high concentrations of Ca2+ and Na+ in the endolymph may have significant implications for the physiological function of the mechanoelectrical transduction channels in the vestibular hair cells of fish compared to those of their mammalian counterparts.     

ABA 对黑黄檀种子萌发的抑制作用以及其他植物激素对ABA 的拮抗作用

以云南特有濒危树种黑黄檀( Dalbergia fusca) 的种子为材料, 研究了脱落酸(ABA) 对种子萌发的抑制作用, 以及种子萌发过程中吲哚乙酸( IAA) 、赤霉酸(GA3 )、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA) 和乙烯利对ABA的拮抗作用。黑黄檀种子萌发的适宜温度为30℃。交替光照(14 h 光照和10 h 黑暗) 以及黑暗对种子萌发没有明显的影响。0 . 001～0 . 1 mmol/L ABA 不影响种子的萌发率, 但降低种子的萌发进程; 1 mmol&#1089839;L 和2 . 5mmo&#1089839;l L ABA 显著地抑制种子的萌发率和萌发进程。种子的萌发率不被0 . 0001 ～ 1 mmo&#1089839;l L IAA 和GA3 、0 . 0001～0 . 1 mmol/L 6-BA、以及0 . 001～10 mmol/L 乙烯利( 乙烯供体) 的影响,但被1 mmol&#1089839;L 6-BA 抑制。1mmol/L ABA 对种子萌发的抑制作用能被0 . 01～1 mmol/L IAA、0 . 01～1 mmol/L GA3 、0 . 001～0 .1 mmol/L 6-BA 和0 . 1～10 mmol&#1089839;L 乙烯利所拮抗, 而且这种拮抗作用与植物激素的类型和浓度有关。0. 01 mmol/L 6-BA 和0 . 1 mmol/L 乙烯利对1mmol/L ABA 抑制作用的拮抗不能被添加0 . 001 mmol/L IAA 或者0 .001 mmol/L GA3 加成。但0 . 1mmol/L 乙烯利对1 mmol/L ABA 抑制作用的拮抗能够被添加0 . 01 mmol/L 6-BA 或者0 .1 mmol/L 6-BA 加成, 导致更高的萌发率和幼苗生长。     

Donnan potentials from striated muscle liquid crystals. A-band and I-band measurements.

A-band and I-band potentials are measured selectively in crayfish skinned long-tonic muscle fibers. The microelectrode tip diameters used in this study are shown to be sufficiently small to permit the discrete placement of an electrode into either an A-band or I-band. Random and directed impalements into mechanically skinned fibers with microelectrodes yields reproducible trimodal distributions of potentials where the modalities represent the A-band (-1.80 mV), the I-band (-0.76 mV), and the Z-line vicinity (-3.63 mV). In conjunction with Donnan equilibrium theory, fixed charge concentrations are calculated from the measured potentials for the A-band (25.9 mmol e-/l), I-band (10.9 mmol e-/l), and Z-line vicinity (52.3 mmol e-/l). When skinned fibers are treated with Triton X-100, the mean potentials (and charge concentrations) decrease: A-band to -1.71 mV (24.6 mmol e-/l), I-band to -0.71 mV (10.2 mmol e-/l), and the Z-line vicinity to -3.40 mV (49.0 mmol e/l). In the A-band this represents a loss of 1.3 mmol e-/l while in the I-band 0.7 mmol e-/l are lost; both decreases are attributed to the removal of internal membranous structures. In the rigor condition the A-band increases to -2.18 mV (33.1 mmol e-/l) and the I-band increases to -0.88 mV (13.3 mmol e-/l). Relative to the relaxed condition, this represents an increase of 8.5 mmol e-/l and 3.1 mmol e-/l in the A-band and I-band, respectively. The evidence shows that it is practical to measure A-band and I-band potentials selectively. Further, it is demonstrated that similar measurements can be obtained from agar, another polyelectrolyte gel system (see Appendix).     

微流控芯片电泳分离血清高密度脂蛋白亚类的研究

描述了一种微流控芯片电泳快速分离血清高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)亚类的方法.利用自制的微流控芯片,结合激光诱导荧光检测系统,40mmol/L Tricine、50mmol/L甲基葡胺(MEG)、0.2mmol/LSDS(pH8.5)为样品缓冲液,40mmol/L Tricine、50mmol/LMEG、0.01mmol/L SDS(pH8.5)为分离缓冲液,4min内HDL3和HDL2两种亚类得到基线分离.该法操作过程简单,重复性较佳,测试费用低廉,在临床HDL亚类的检测中具有较好的应用前景.     

低氮胁迫诱导木薯幼苗花青素积累及其基因表达

为明确氮素浓度和形态与木薯花青素产生和积累的关系,基于氮素胁迫能够在拟南芥等植物中促进花青素产生的研究结果,以木薯品种Arg7为研究对象,研究木薯无菌幼苗在添加了(1)40 mmol/L NO₃^-+20 mmol/L NH₄⁺,(2)40 mmol/L NO₃^-,(3)20 mmol/L NH₄⁺,(4)0.4 mmol/L NO₃^-+0.2 mmol/L NH₄⁺,(5)0.4 mmol/L NO₃^-,(6)0.2 mmol/L NH₄⁺,(7)1 mmol/L(N),(8)5 mmol/L(N),(9)9 mmol/L(N),(10)13 mmol/L(N)10种氮素浓度和形态的MS培养基中生长40 d的农艺性状,以及对花青素合成相关结构基因的诱导和花青素积累的差异。结果表明,木薯品种Arg7无菌幼苗在添加有40 mmol/L NO₃^-+20 mmol/L NH₄⁺,40 mmol/L NO₃^-和20 mmol/L NH₄⁺的MS缺氮培养基中生长至40 d,没有观察到花青素产生;与40 mmol/L NO₃^-+20 mmol/L NH₄⁺处理条件相比,在40 mmol/L NO₃^-条件下的株高和初生根根长没有显著差异,但初生根根数显著减少,而在20 mmol/L NH₄⁺条件下其株高、初生根根长和初生根根数都受到极显著抑制;木薯品种Arg7无菌苗在含有0.4 mmol/L NO₃^-+0.2 mmol/L NH₄⁺,0.4 mmol/L NO₃^-和0.2 mmol/L NH₄⁺的MS缺氮培养基中生长至40 d,3种处理条件下的木薯茎秆和叶柄中花青素积累明显,花青素合成相关结构基因被诱导表达;与40 mmol/L NO₃^-+20 mmol/L NH₄⁺条件下相比,在0.4 mmol/L NO₃^-+0.2 mmol/L NH₄⁺,0.4 mmol/L NO₃^-和0.2 mmol/L NH₄⁺条件下的株高、初生根根长和根数极显著降低,而花青素含量极显著增加,且花青素含量随着氮素浓度增加呈负相关关系(R²=0.96)。由此表明,木薯品种Arg7无菌幼苗植株中花青素的诱导表达只与氮素浓度有关,而与氮素形态无关。     

不同氮营养水平下草莓叶片光合作用对高CO2浓度的适应

研究了不同氮素水平（12mmol／L,4mmol／L,0、4mmol／L）下生长的‘丰香’草莓在富C02（700μL/L）和大气CO（390μL/L）下的光合作用。结果表明,高氮（12mmol／L）下,在富CO2环境中生长的‘丰香’草莓叶片未出现光合作用下调,富CO2下草莓叶片的净光合速率、最大羧化速率（Vc.max）、最大电子传递速率（Jmax）、碳同化的电子传递速率（Jc）和光化学猝灭系数（qp）等均显著提高;而在中氮（4mmol／L）、低氮（0．4mmol／L）下,富CO2下生长的草莓叶片的上述参数均出现不同程度的下降。富CO2下,无论氮素水平如何,草莓叶片的光呼吸电子传递速率（Jo）均降低高氮草莓叶片的非光化学猝灭系数（qN或NPQ）降低,光抑制降低,而低氮则相反。上述结果说明,氮素供应不足时草莓叶片在富CO2下光合作用出现下调,因此生产上进行CO2施肥时应适度增加氮素的供应。     

凡纳滨对虾对吉林西部盐碱水的适应性

采用淡化虾塘水添加天然盐碱水的方法,进行盐碱水环境下凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生存能力实验,探讨吉林西部盐碱水域对虾养殖技术.结果表明,未驯化幼虾在碱度为515～19.24 mmol·L^-1的盐碱水体存活时间大于96 h,在23.41～38.78 mmol·L^-1的盐碱水体生存时间小于0.75 h;驯化幼虾在碱度为5.15～38.78 mmol·L^-1的盐碱水体存活时间大于24 h.未驯化幼虾适应的盐碱水碱度上限在10 mmol·L^-1左右,对递增碱度差的适应能力小于8 mmol·L^-1.提高驯化水平,可增强幼虾对盐碱水环境的综合适应能力.碱度驯化至30 mmol·L^-1的幼虾对递增碱度差和递减碱度差的适应能力分别为2～4 mmol·L^-1及3～25 mmol·L^-1,可以在吉林西部碱度小于32 mmol·L^-1的盐碱水域养殖凡纳滨对虾.     

乳酸堆积和二氯乙酸钠对肝癌细胞凋亡及bax、bcl-2 表达 和caspase-3 活性的影响

目的：探讨乳酸堆积和二氯乙酸钠(DCA)对肝癌细胞(HepG2)凋亡和bax、bcl-2 表达及caspase-3 活性的影响。方法：通过体 外培养HepG2,建立稳定的体外培养模型,配制成终浓度分别为0 mmol/L、1.0 mmol/L、2.0 mmol/L、4.0 mmol/L、8.0 mmol/L的乳 酸培养液以及在不同浓度乳酸组中加入终浓度为10-3mmol/L DCA 培养液与HepG2共同培养,其中以0 mmol/L 乳酸组为对照 组。采用MTT法检测乳酸对HepG2 的抑制率,流式细胞仪检测乳酸和DCA 对HepG2的凋亡百分率,用Real-time PCR法测定 bax 及bcl-2 mRNA的表达,用免疫荧光法检测caspase-3 的活性。结果：乳酸对HepG2 的IC50值为13.6 mol/L,与对照组比较,随 着乳酸浓度的增加,HepG2 凋亡率增加,bax mRNA 表达升高,bcl-2 mRNA 的表达降低,caspase-3活性增加,其中1.0 mmol/L 乳 酸组与对照组比较(P>0.05),2.0 mmol/L,4.0 mmol/L 和8.0 mmol/L乳酸组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。加入DCA 后,HepG2 凋亡减少,2.0 mmol/L 乳酸+DCA 组、4.0 mmol/L乳酸+DCA 组、8.0 mmol/L乳酸+DCA 组与同浓度的乳酸组比较, bax mRNA 表达减少（P<0.05）,bcl-2 mRNA 表达增加（P<0.05）,caspase-3 活性减低（P<0.05）。结论：乳酸可诱导HepG2凋亡,且随 着乳酸浓度的增高,HepG2 的凋亡率增加,其机制可能是通过对bcl-2 及bax mRNA 表达的改变以及激活caspase-3 活性而实现, DCA可以降低HepG2 凋亡,对乳酸堆积造成的HepG2凋亡有抑制作用。     

Effect of in vitro glucose and diabetic hyperglycemia on mouse kidney protein synthesis: relevance to diabetic microangiopathy

To test the possible roles of diabetic hyperglycemia, we studied the in vitro effect of increasing glucose concentrations (5.0-27.5 mmol/L) on protein synthesis (PS) of the kidneys from "adult" male albino Swiss mice. In mouse kidney cortex slices, PS (3H-leucine incorporation into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material), measured as cpm/mg protein/45 minutes, was already stimulated by 5.0 mmol/L of glucose (+24%, P < .05). At supraphysiologic glucose concentrations, PS was stimulated by 48% at 8.8 mmol/L of glucose and 31% at 13.6 mmol/L of glucose (P < .05, compared with the value observed at 5.0 mmol/L of glucose). However, the highest glucose levels (15.4 mmol/L and 27.5 mmol/L) were no longer effective. Other substrates (1.25 mmol/L or 6.26 mmol/L palmitic acid and 100 mcmol/L sorbitol) were without effect. Similar results were obtained when data were expressed as cpm/mg DNA/45 minutes. In contrast to adult mice, "young" mice showed the maximum stimulatory effect (+86%, P < .02), with a glucose concentration still in the nondiabetic range (6.6 mmol/L). However, in the "older" mice maximum stimulation was observed in the presence of high glucose concentrations (15.4 mmol/L and 27.5 mmol/L) with 52% (P < .02) and 26% (P < .05) increases, respectively, vs the value recorded at 5 mmol/L of glucose. With regard to the in vivo effect of diabetic hyperglycemia, the renal PS of 3-day streptozotocin diabetic mice was moderately increased, whereas the liver PS was markedly reduced. The effects of in vitro glucose and in vivo diabetic hyperglycemia, as modulated by both the concentration of glucose and the age, may lead to diabetic renal hypertrophy and the increased formation/accumulation of glycoproteins, thus contributing to microangiopathy.     

Glycogen loading alters muscle glycogen resynthesis after exercise.

This study compared muscle glycogen recovery after depletion of approximately 50 mmol/l (DeltaGly) from normal (Nor) resting levels (63.2 +/- 2.8 mmol/l) with recovery after depletion of approximately 50 mmol/l from a glycogen-loaded (GL) state (99.3 +/- 4.0 mmol/l) in 12 healthy, untrained subjects (5 men, 7 women). To glycogen load, a 7-day carbohydrate-loading protocol increased muscle glycogen 1.6 +/- 0.2-fold (P < or = 0.01). GL subjects then performed plantar flexion (single-leg toe raises) at 50 +/- 3% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) to yield DeltaGly = 48.0 +/- 1.3 mmol/l. The Nor trial, performed on a separate occasion, yielded DeltaGly = 47.5 +/- 4.5 mmol/l. Interleaved natural abundance (13)C-(31)P-NMR spectra were acquired and quantified before exercise and during 5 h of recovery immediately after exercise. During the initial 15 min after exercise, glycogen recovery in the GL trial was rapid (32.9 +/- 8.9 mmol. l(-1). h(-1)) compared with the Nor trial (15.9 +/- 6.9 mmol. l(-1). h(-1)). During the next 45 min, GL glycogen synthesis was not as rapid as in the Nor trial (0.9 +/- 2.5 mmol. l(-1). h(-1) for GL; 14.7 +/- 3.0 mmol. l(-1). h(-1) for Nor; P < or = 0.005) despite similar glucose 6-phosphate levels. During extended recovery (60-300 min), reduced GL recovery rates continued (1.3 +/- 0.5 mmol. l(-1). h(-1) for GL; 3.9 +/- 0.3 mmol. l(-1). h(-1) for Nor; P < or = 0.001). We conclude that glycogen recovery from heavy exercise is controlled primarily by the remaining postexercise glycogen concentration, with only a transient synthesis period when glycogen levels are not severely reduced.     

INS-1E细胞葡萄糖毒性模型的建立

目的:建立胰岛细胞系INS-1E细胞的葡萄糖毒性模型。方法:将INS-1E细胞分别在不同葡萄糖浓度(5.5 mmol/L、16.7mmol/L、25 mmol/L、30 mmol/L)的1640完全培养基中培养不同时间(48 h、72 h、96 h、120 h),分别在不同时间点取细胞进行细胞功能检测,实时荧光定量PCR法检测胰岛素m RNA的表达,ELISA检测葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素的分泌。结果:与对照组相比,高糖浓度(5.5 mmol/L、16.7 mmol/L、25 mmol/L、30 mmol/L)培养基中培养48 h后,INS-1E细胞的胰岛素合成和分泌的功能均增加(P均0.05),随着培养基中葡萄糖浓度的升高以及培养时间的延长,INS-1E细胞胰岛素合成及分泌的功能逐渐下降,当在葡萄糖浓度为30 mmol/L的培养基中培养120 h后,胰岛素m RNA合成及葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌均显著降低(P均0.01)。结论:INS-1E细胞在30 m M的葡萄糖中培养120 h形成稳定的葡萄糖毒性模型。     

落叶松幼苗光合特性对氮和磷缺乏的响应

为探讨落叶松幼苗光合特性对氮、磷营养缺乏的响应规律,在温室内用砂培方法培养和处理落叶树幼苗,测定了净光合速率和叶绿素荧光等反映其光合能力的参数,分析了落叶松幼苗的光合特性对氮、磷营养缺乏的响应规律.结果表明,氮素供应不足(1mmol·L^-1)时,落叶松幼苗针叶的全氮含量、叶绿素含量和净光合速率与对照相比都显著降低,分别下降了37%、31%和59%,同时,F_v/F_m(反映光系统II最大光能转换效率)和F_v/F_o(反映光系统II潜在活性)也分别下降了22%和57%,而叶片可溶性蛋白含量只有微弱下降.磷素供应不足(1/8mmol·L^-1)时,叶片全氮和全磷含量、叶绿素含量、叶片可溶性蛋白含量和F_v/F_m与对照相比差异均不显著,净光合速率和F_v/F_o下降13%.氮、磷同时缺乏时,上述各项指标的变化与单独缺氮处理的相似,这意味着本实验中缺磷处理(1/8mmol·L^-1)对落叶松幼苗光合特性影响相对较小.     

东北红豆杉细胞培养生产紫杉醇的调控研究

研究了诱导子、前体及抑制剂的协调作用对东北红平杉生产紫杉醇的影响。结果表明,向培养基中加入80mg/L水到、80mg/L茉莉酸甲酯、0.5mmol/L乙酸钠、2mmol/L苯丙氨酸、0.5mmol/L丝氨酸、0.1mmol/L甘氨酸、10mg/L肉桂酸、0.5mmol/L苯甲酸钠、5mmol/L丙酮酸钠、10mg/L氯化氯胆碱、和1mg/L赤霉酸可使紫杉醇含量提高368.65%。并且证明交互作用对紫杉醇合成有显著作用。     

模拟酸雨胁迫下钙对龙眼光合功能的调节作用

以福建省主栽品种乌龙岭龙眼为材料研究了模拟酸雨胁迫下钙对龙眼光合功能的调节作用 .结果表明 ,叶绿体的反应介质中Ca2 + 浓度在 0～ 5mmol·L-1范围内可增加其光还原活性 ,以 3 .5mmol·L-1的活性最高 ,比对照增加 41.90 % ;而 2mmol·L-1EGTA会使其活性下降 2 6 .0 6 % ;Mn2 + 和Mg2 + 对光还原活性均有抑制作用 .0～ 6mmol·L-1的Ca2 + 可提高叶绿体的光合磷酸化活性 ,最适的浓度为 4.5mmol·L-1;0～ 8mmol·L-1的Ca2 + 可提高叶绿体超氧物歧化酶 (SOD)活性 ,最适浓度为 6mmol·L-1.pH 3 .0的酸雨胁迫下 ,10mmol·L-1和 15mmol·L-1Ca(NO3) 2 均可减缓叶绿素的降解 ,稳定叶圆片的膜结构 ,降低膜透性 ,以 15mmol·L-1的效果较佳 ;Ca(NO3) 2 浓度超过 2 0mmol·L-1加剧了酸雨对叶片的伤害作用 .喷15mmol·L-1Ca(NO3) 2 可增加叶片光合速率 ,表现出模拟酸雨胁迫下钙对龙眼叶片的良好保护作用 .     

香蕉不同成熟度果实活性氧、乙烯与淀粉酶活性相关性研究

采用各种活性氧诱发剂(0.5g/L百草枯、10mmol/L H₂O₂和10mmol/L H₂O₂+10mmol/L FeSO₄·7H₂O)及相应的清除剂(20mmol/L没食子酸丙酯、10个单位CAT和70mmol/L DMSO)、外源乙烯(750μl/L乙烯利)、乙烯生成先导物(合成前体,1mmol/L ACC)和乙烯合成抑制剂(10mmol/L AOA)处理香蕉果肉切片。结果表明,在不同成熟度的香蕉果实中,只有O₂^·存在及乙烯合成不受抑制时,淀粉酶活性才能呈现,果实才能软化、成熟;而O₂^·及OH^·可能在乙烯合成中所起的作用有所不同。