纳米SiO2对poss复合树脂弯曲和抗压强度的影响

目的：观察纳米SiO2填料对纳米复合树脂poss的弯曲强度和抗压强度的影响,探究纳米SiO2的最佳添加比。方法：将经过硅烷偶联化的纳米SiO2颗粒加入poss复合树脂中,合成SiO2质量分数分别为0．5％,1％,1．5％和2％的Si02／poss复合树脂,分别为BCDE四组,纯poss组为A组（对照组）。每组试件固定于万能材料测试机上,以1．0mm／min的速度垂直加压直至试样破坏,采用SPSSl6．0软件对结果做单因素方差分析。结果：弯曲强度测试结果：C组最高,与其他四组均有统计学差异（P〈0．05）;A、B、D三组无显著性差异,与E组差异明显（P〈0．05）。抗压强度测试结果：D组最高,与其他四组均有统计学差异（P〈0．05）;B组和E组与A组差异显著（P〈0．05）,与C组无显著差异。结论：纳米SiO2在一定范围内能够提高poss复合树脂的弯曲强度和抗压强度。     

硫辛酸通过激活PI3K/Akt通路保护帕金森小鼠神经元的作用研究

目的:明确硫辛酸(lipoic acid,LA)是否通过活化脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B(Phosphoinositide 3-kinases/Protein kinase B,PI3K/Akt)通路保护小鼠帕金森(Parkinson's disease,PD)神经元损伤。方法:将130只健康C57BL雄性小鼠随机分为PD模型组(A组)、PD模型自然恢复组(B组)、硫辛酸干预组(C组)、硫辛酸加阻滞剂干预组(D组),对照组(E组)。采用免疫组化方法检测黑质内酪氨酸羟化酶(Tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)阳性细胞数,Western Blot方法检测中脑TH、总Akt和p-Akt蛋白表达,相应试剂盒检测中脑内GSH(Glutathione)和MDA(Malondialdehyde)的含量。结果:(1)与E组比较,A组TH阳性细胞数显著减少(P0.01),B组、D组明显减少(P0.05),C组无明显统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)与E组比较,A组、B组TH蛋白表达显著减少(P0.01),C组、D组TH表达明显减少(P0.05);分别与A组、B组比较,C组TH表达显著增多(P0.01),D组无明显统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)与E组比较,A组、B组、D组中脑内p-AKT表达显著减少(P0.01),C组差异无明显统计学意义(P0.05);分别与A组、B组比较,C组pAkt表达显著增多(P0.01),D差异无明显统计学意义(P0.05)。(4)与E组比较,C组中脑GSH水平明显增加(P0.05),A组、B组明显减少(P0.05),D组差异无统计学意义(P0.05;与E组比较,A组、B组MDA表达显著增加(P0.01),C组、D组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:硫辛酸可能通过激活PI3K/Akt通路,减轻氧化应激损伤,进而发挥其保护神经元的作用。     

乳酸杆菌DM8909胞壁肽聚糖对小鼠阴道感染的免疫调节作用

目的 通过对小鼠阴道组织的细胞因子测定来反映乳酸杆菌肽聚糖对阴道局部的免疫调节作用.方法 6～8周龄昆明小鼠共36只,随机分为6组,每组6只,A组为正常对照组,其余各组用抗生素和大肠埃希菌EPEC104造成小鼠阴道感染模型后分别给予不同处置,其中B组为患病组,C组为自然恢复组,D组为生理盐水治疗组,E组乳酸杆菌治疗组,F组乳酸杆菌肽聚糖治疗组;对各组采用ELISA(酶联免疫吸附法)来测定小鼠阴道局部组织的细胞因子IL-2及IL-10的水平.结果 (1)各研究组中IL-2的水平:与A组比较,B、C、D组IL-2的水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),E、F组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与B组比较,A、E、F组IL-2水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),C、D组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);而E组和F组比较差异也无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(2)各研究组中IL-I0的水平:与A组比较,B组IL-10的水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.0l),C、D组IL-10水平下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),E、F组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与B组比较,A、E、F组明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),B、D组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);而E组和F组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 乳酸杆菌肽聚糖作为乳酸杆菌免疫调节主要成分,通过影响细胞因子的表达,对阴道感染起到了免疫调节作用.     

不同藻类对成熟前文蛤的生长及其生化成分的影响

为了找到适于文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)暂养、育肥的藻类,通过实验观察了不同藻类对成熟前文蛤生长的影响.实验共分为5组,分别单独投喂4种单胞藻,包括海水小球藻(CMorella vulgaris)(A组)、球等边金藻(Isochrysis golbana)(B组)、青岛大扁藻(Platymonas halgolandica)(C组)和牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros müelleri)(D组),及混合投喂海水小球藻、球等边金藻与牟氏角毛藻(E组).结果表明,单胞藻无论是单独投喂还是混合投喂,对成熟前文蛤的壳长和体重增长没有显著影响(P>0.05),其常规生化成分如蛋白质、脂肪、总糖及各种脂肪酸含量在某些实验组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05).E组蛋白质含量(63.57%)最低,与其他组之间存在显著性差异;E组脂肪含量(8.17%)除低于D组(8.64%)外,高于其他3组,但与其他组间无显著性差异;E组总糖含量(7.08%)除低于C组(7.62%)外,高于其他3组,与其他组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05).亚油酸(C18:2)、亚麻酸(C18:3)和花生四烯酸(C20:4)均为C组最高,含量分别为2.06%、2.28%和6.50%,与其他组之间存在显著性差异.EPA以D组为最高(8.51%),DHA以B组为最高(10.33%).     

金双歧联合四联疗法对幽门螺杆菌感染的治疗

目的观察金双歧联合四联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)的临床疗效。方法选取福建省立金山医院南院2015年8月1日至2017年8月1日300例H.pylori感染患者,随机分为A组(50例,采用雷贝拉唑、枸橼酸铋钾、克拉霉素和阿莫西林治疗)、B组(50例,在A组基础上联用金双歧治疗)、C组(50例,采用雷贝拉唑、枸橼酸铋钾、阿莫西林和呋喃唑酮治疗)、D组(50例,在C组基础上联用金双歧治疗)、E组(50例,采用雷贝拉唑、枸橼酸铋钾、呋喃唑酮和四环素治疗)、F组(50例,在E组基础上联用金双歧治疗)。观察各组患者的临床疗效及不良反应。结果 A、B、C、D、E和F组患者的H.pylori根除率按PP分析分别为81.4%、95.7%、82.2%、95.8%、97.9%和97.9%,而各组患者H.pylori根除率按ITT分析分别为70.0%、88.0%、74.0%、92.0%、92.0%和94.0%,A组和B组,C组和D组H.pylori根除率的PP分析和ITT分析比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);E组和F组根除率的PP分析和ITT分析比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A、B、C、D、E和F组的总不良反应率分别为30.2%、10.9%、31.1%、10.4%、53.2%和22.9%,其中A组和B组,C组和D组,E组和F组总不良反应率差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论金双歧联合四联疗法可提高H.pylori根除率,减少患者不良反应,可推荐用于H.pylori感染患者的根除治疗。     

感觉再训练及口服弥可保片剂对周围神经修复术后患者感觉功能的影响

目的:探讨感觉再训练及口服弥可保片剂对周围神经修复术后患者感觉功能的影响。方法:选取2009年10月至2011年10月我院收治的腕部损伤患者128例,随机分为A、B、C、D四组,每组各32例,在神经修复术及常规治疗的基础上,D组不采取其他任何措施治疗;C组给予弥可保片剂口服治疗;B组采取感觉再训练治疗;A组采取感觉再训练联合弥可保片剂口服治疗。对比患者术后1年及2年的感觉功能恢复情况及m2-PD检测结果。结果:A、B、C组术后1年及2年的感觉功能分级情况均优于D组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。其中,以A组与D组相比,差异最为显著(P0.05)。并且,A组的感觉功能随着时间的延长不断改善。A、B、C组的m2-PD检测结果均优于D组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。其中,A组术后1年及2年的检测结果分别为(6.79±2.08)mm、(4.98±2.05)mm,相比于D组的(13.31±1.64)mm、(11.94±2.37)mm,差异最为显著(P0.05);且术后2年的的检测结果明显低于术后1年,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:将感觉再训练与弥可保口服治疗相结合用于周围神经损伤患者的神经修复术后,治疗效果更佳。能够最大限度的促进患者感觉功能的恢复。     

四种不同手术方式治疗肝包虫病患者合并术后胆漏的疗效评价

目的:探讨四种不同手术方式治疗肝包虫病患者合并术后胆漏的疗效。方法:选取2015年12月至2017年6月间我院收治的肝包虫病患者103例,根据手术方式的不同将患者分为A组(行内囊摘除术,n=26例)、B组(行外囊完整剥除术,n=28例)、C组(行外囊次全切除术,n=25例)、D组(行肝部分切除术,n=24例)。比较各组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后带管时间、住院时间。统计并比较四组患者手术后胆漏的发生率及并发症情况。结果:四组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后带管时间、住院时间的整体比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);A组的手术时间、术中出血量明显少于B组、C组、D组,B组和C组的手术时间、术中出血量明显少于D组(P0.05);A组的术后带管时间明显多于B组、C组、D组,D组的术后带管时间明显多于B组、C组(P0.05);D组的住院时间明显多于A组、B组、C组,A组的住院时间明显多于B组、C组(P0.05)。A组的术后胆漏的发生率明显高于B组、C组、D组(P0.05)。四组的膈下感染、胸腔积液发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组残腔感染、残腔积液发生率高于B组、C组、D组(P0.05);D组的术后肝功能损害的发生率显著高于A组、B组、C组(P0.05)。结论:外科手术是治疗肝包虫病的主要方式,四种手术方式各有利弊,临床上应结合患者的实际情况选择最合适的手术方式。     

可吸收性止血颗粒在鼻内镜下经口腺样体吸切术中的应用

目的:探讨可吸收性止血颗粒(Arista AH)在鼻内镜下经口腺样体吸切术创面止血上的应用效果。方法:54例腺样体肥大患者行鼻内镜下经口腺样体吸切术,随机分为四组,A组20例(压迫止血后喷洒Arista AH),B组15例(压迫止血后双极电凝止血),C组7例(压迫止血后Merocel高膨胀海绵填塞),D组12例(仅压迫止血)。比较四组患者的止血时间、术后出血、咽痛持续时间、恢复正常通气时间等指标,同时采用视觉模拟评分法记录止血难度的主观评估。结果:A组手术时间、止血难度均低于B组、D组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),与C组无统计学差异(P0.05)。而A组术后出血发生率低于D组(P0.05),与B组、C组无统计学差异。A组咽痛持续时间低于B组、C组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),与D组无统计学差异(P0.05)。而A组恢复正常通气时间与B组、D组无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:可吸收性止血颗粒可用于鼻内镜下经口腺样体吸切术创面止血,具有快速简便、安全有效的特点。     

比较不同浓度舒芬太尼靶控输注在清醒气管插管中的应用

目的:比较清醒气管插管中不同浓度舒芬太尼靶控输注对血流动力学及应激反应的影响,探讨舒芬太尼应用于清醒气管插管中的最适靶控浓度。方法:择期困难气道患者80例,随机分为四组,每组20例:A组为对照组,静注生理盐水,B、C、D组分别接受舒芬太尼0.1 ng/m L、0.3 ng/m L、0.5 ng/m L效应室靶控输注,记录入室后(T0),达到设定血药浓度时(T1)、气管插管时(T2)和气管插管后(T3)的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(Sp O2),分别于入室后、插管后3 min、5 min采血测皮质醇浓度。结果:1SBP:T1时,B、C、D组均有不同程度的降低(P0.05),T3时A、B组明显升高(P0.05);2DBP:T2时A、B组升高显著(P0.05),C、D组无较大变化(P0.05);3HR:T1时B、C、D均下降,D组下降最明显,与A、B、C三组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);T2时A、B组HR升高(P0.05),C、D组插管前后变化不明显(P0.05);4Sp O2:组间、组内比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);5皮质醇:插管后三分钟C、D组较A组降低(P0.05),C、D组内五分钟、三分钟同入室后比较皮质醇降低(P0.05)。结论:0.3 ng/m L效应室浓度(ce)的舒芬太尼靶控输注可以有效的减弱清醒气管插管所致的应激反应,0.3ng/ml以上效应室浓度的舒芬太尼能将心血管反应抑制得更加完全。     

淫羊藿黄酮对被动吸烟大鼠骨组织肿瘤坏死因子-α和白介素1-α表达的影响

目的:探讨淫羊藿黄酮对被动吸烟大鼠骨组织肿瘤坏死因子-α白介素1-α达的影响.方法:选用2月龄Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠60只,随机分为6组,每组10只,各组雌雄各半,雌雄分笼饲养.A组:空白对照组,常规方法饲养,不给予被动吸烟;B组:被动吸烟组,不给予灌服药物;C组:被动吸烟+钙组.灌服高效钙(75mg·kg-1·d-1)+维生素D3 21 IU·kg-1·d-1;D组:被动吸烟+低剂量,灌服淫羊藿黄酮(75mg·kg-1·d-1);E组:被动吸烟+中剂量,灌服淫羊藿黄酮(150mg·kg-1·d-1);F组:被动吸烟+高剂量,灌服淫羊藿黄酮(300mg·kg-1·d-1).按"密室熏烟法"给予实验组(B组、C组、D组、E组、F组)大鼠被动吸烟4个月.实验动物干预完毕后取出胫骨,制备标本,RT-PCR法检测TNF-αmRNA和IL-1mRNA表达,并应用曲线拟合分析其相关性.结果:应甩淫羊藿黄酮明显抑制TNF-αmRNA和IL-1-αmRNA在骨组织中的表达,其中TNF-αmRNA表达中A组、D组、E组、F组与B组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),C组与B组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),D组、E组、F组与A组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),D组、E组、F组随淫羊藿黄酮剂量的增加而降低,但组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);其它各组比较无统计学意义(P0.05);而IL-1-αmRNA表达中A组、C组、D组、E组、F组与B组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),D组、E组、F组与A组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),D组、E组、F组随淫羊藿黄酮剂量的增加而降低,但组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);其它各组比较无统计学意义(P0.05).二者在淫羊藿黄酮干预下的相关性从二者的曲线拟合图中,TNF-αIL-1-α表达的相互作用关系经曲线拟合为Y=0.82115+0.09343X-0.01781X2.结论:淫羊藿黄酮可抑制被动吸烟大鼠骨组织TNF-αIL-1-α表达.     

Strength and robusticity of the Neandertal tibia

Three Neandertal tibias are naturally broken at or near midshaft allowing calculation of geometrical and mechanical parameters. Comparisons are made with a sample of 15 modern human tibias using identical methods. Relative torsional and bending strengths of the Neandertal specimens were twice those of the comparative sample. Basic morphometrics of the Neandertal tibia are also included.     

改善固定化微生物细胞粒子机械强度的研究

以膨润土、碳酸钙和二氧化硅为添加材料,以固定化粒子在一定时间的开裂数量为指标研究固定化粒子的机械强度。结果表明:向固定化载体配方中添加CaCO3粉末可以显著提高粒子的机械稳定性,添加量以0.8%为宜。     

Strength determines coalitional strategies in humans

Coalitions enhance survival and reproductive success in many social species, yet they generate contradictory impulses. Whereas a coalition increases the probability of successfully obtaining rewards for its members, it typically requires a division of rewards among members, thereby diminishing individual benefits. Non-human primate data indicate that coalition formation is more likely when an individual''s probability of success is low when competing alone. No comparable studies exist for humans. Here we show using a computerized competitive game that humans exhibit a systematic, intuitive strategy for coalition formation based on their own and others'' levels of perceived strength, a pattern that resembles coalition formation in chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes. Despite equal expected pay-offs for all strategies, subjects were more likely to form coalitions as their own level of perceived strength waned. Those chosen as coalition partners tended to be stronger individuals or arbitrarily designated ‘friends’. Results suggest a heuristic for human coalitionary decisions that rests on the perception of relative power rather than on the assessment of pay-offs.     

Biomechanical Strength of Large Diaphyseal Deep-frozen Allografts

The aim of this paper is to study the biomechanical strength of deep-frozen allografts as they heal. Twenty-eight adult cats were used with the tibia as the experimental model site. Deep-frozen allografts stored at -80°C were used to reconstruct a large tibial defect (at least two-thirds of the diaphysis). An intra-medullary rod was used for fixation. The healing was studied by X-ray at observation periods of 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 and 36 weeks. Post-transplantation biomechanical testing was performed using the Shimadzu Universal Testing Machine DCS series with a torsion test device of 50kg force metre. Parameters studied included maximum torque, torsional stiffness and energy of absorption. The transplanted grafts were compared to the mechanical properties of the internal controls of the normal opposite tibia of each cat. The results of the mechanical tests demonstrated that deep-frozen allografts did not regain normal strength. At nine months, only about 60% of normal torque strength and about 80% of normal torsional stiffness was achieved. Clinically, it is important to employ strong and rigid internal fixation using intra-medullary nailing rather than plating to allow for immediate mobilisation and reduce the rate of graft fracture.     

A Study on the Importance of Core Strength and Coordination Balance during Basketball Based on Biomechanics

When basketball players play against each other in a game, better coordinated balance can give them a better advantage. This paper briefly introduces the coordination balance and core strength of basketball players. Twenty basketball varsity members were selected from Chengdu College of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China as subjects for the test. The athletes were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group received regular strength training, and the experimental group received core strength training in addition to regular training. Both groups underwent isometric muscle strength test, coordination and balance test and shooting percentage test before and after training. The results demonstrated that muscle group strength increased in the control group after conventional training, but the experimental group showed more significant improvement in muscle group strength after additional core strength training; the experimental group had better coordination and balance ability after core strength training; the experimental group had a significantly higher shooting percentage after core strength training due to the improvement of coordination and balance ability.     

Reliability of Foot Intrinsic Muscle Strength Testing and Correlation with Corresponding Muscle Morphology in Elderly Adults

Age-related loss of foot intrinsic muscle (FIM) strength may be associated with disability, falls, and inability to perform daily activities. Previous studies have determined the reliability of FIM strength testing and evaluated the relationship between FIM strength and corresponding muscle morphology in young adults. However, few studies have measured FIM strength in the older. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the intra- and inter-reliability of FIM strength tests and the relationship between FIM strength and FIM size in the older. A total of 61 participants aged 60–75 years were recruited, and 18 of them were selected randomly for the verification of FIM strength test reliability. A portable dynamometer was used in evaluating FIM strength, particularly the 1st (FT1), 2nd–3rd (FT2-3), and 2nd–5th (FT2-5) toes flexion, and doming. A portable musculoskeletal ultrasound device was used in measuring the cross-sectional area (CSA) and thickness of FIMs, namely, flexor digitorum brevis (FDB), abductor hallucis (AbH), flexor hallucis brevis, quadratus plantae (QP), and abductor digiti minimi (AbDM). Intra- and interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used in evaluating the reliability of the FIM strength tests, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used in determining the relationship between FIM strength and FIM size. All FIM strength tests showed good to excellent intratester reliability (ICCs: 0.793–0.920). Doming, FT2-3, and FT2-5 tests exhibited good intertester reliability (ICCs: 0.809–0.861). Doming strength was only correlated positively significantly with the thickness of AbH (r = 0.257, p = 0.046), FT1 strength was correlated negatively with AbDM thickness (r = −0.375, p = 0.003), FT2-3 strength was significantly positively correlated with the CSA of FDB (r = 0.359, p = 0.004) and the thickness (r = 0.273, p = 0.033) and CSA (r = 0.287, p = 0.025) of QP. FT2-5 strength was positively correlated with the CSA of FDB (r = 0.297, p = 0.020) and the thickness (r = 0.258, p = 0.045) and CSA (r = 0.319, p = 0.012) of QP but negatively correlated with the thickness of AbDM (r = −0.296, p = 0.020). The correlation between FIM strength and FIM size was weak. The findings suggested that foot muscle size should be cautiously used as a surrogate in evaluating FIM strength in the older.     

不同处理方法对钛瓷结合强度影响的研究

目的:观察微弧氧化表面处理方法在钛瓷结合方面的作用。方法:将试样分为三组,微弧氧化组,预氧化组,光滑组:对各组钛试件表面进行瓷粉烧结。根据ISO 9693标准,对钛瓷间的三点弯曲结合强度进行测试,并对钛瓷结合界面和瓷剥脱面进行SEM和EDX观察与分析。结果:处理方法不同,钛表面形貌及相结构也不同。钛试样微弧氧化组,预氧化组,光滑组与瓷的结合强度分别是:42.40±4.35Mpa,34.28±2.84Mpa和28.58±2.74Mpa,微弧氧化组的钛瓷结合强度与不进行微弧氧化处理组的钛瓷结合强度相比在统计学上有显著差异(P<0.05);预氧化组的钛瓷结合强度大于光滑组(P<0.05),但明显小于微弧氧化组(P<0.01);未进行微弧氧化处理组的钛瓷界面间可见有明显裂隙;而微弧氧化组的钛瓷界面瓷与钛基体结合紧密,无任何气泡、孔隙存在。结论:钛表面微弧氧化处理后可有效提高钛瓷的结合强度。     

Time Dependent Strength and Stiffness of PCC Bottom Ash-Bentonite Mixtures

Utilization of bottom ash from burning of pulverized coal in construction-related applications has received some attention within the last decade. Its use in geotechnical engineering applications is still very limited, however. Within the last few years several studies have been completed to evaluate strength, stiffness, and durability properties of pulverized coal combustion (PCC) bottom ash mixed with various admixtures. Studies have shown that the physical properties of bottom ash obtained from burning of pulverized coal are similar to that of natural sand with particle sizes ranging from fine gravel to fine sand and low percentages of silt and clay sized particles. However, unlike sand, chemical composition of bottom ash results in change of strength and stiffness characteristics of the bottom ash-admixture mixtures with time. In this study, change in strength and stiffness characteristics of Illinois PCC bottom ash and bentonite mixtures with time are evaluated. A series of unconfined compression tests on bottom ash-bentonite mixtures at various curing ages was performed in the laboratory. Results presented show that strength and stiffness of bottom ash-bentonite mixtures changed significantly with time.