云南松上散斑壳属一新种

根据子囊果的形态及其在基质中的位置和松针上线纹的特征,鉴定出四川二郎山云南松针上散斑壳属的一个新种,即四川散斑壳。文中对该新种的形态特征作了汉文和拉丁文描述。     

华山松上散斑壳属一新种

根据子囊果的形态及埋生位置和松针上线纹的特征,鉴定出四川二郎山华山松Pinus armandii上散斑壳属一新种,即二郎山散斑壳Lophodermium erlangshanense。对该新种进行了形态学特征的拉丁文和中文描述,并附有形态结构图。模式标本存于四川农业大学林木真菌标本室(FMSAU)。     

云南松针上散斑壳的培养类型

四川二郎山云南松松针上散斑壳种有四川散斑壳、针叶树散斑壳、松针散斑壳。印度散斑壳,对主要种经单孢分离在２％ＭＡ（ｐＨ５．０）平板上２５℃黑暗培养,按菌落形态特征、产孢状况,将Ｌ．ｓｉｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｅ培养物划分为二个培养类型,Ｌ．ｃｏｎｉｇｅｎｕｍ划分五个培养类型,Ｌ．ｐｉｎａｓｔｒｉ划分二个培养类型。在散斑壳种间及同一种的不同培养类型间,各培养物的生长适宜温度、适宜ｐＨ、适宜培养基以及产孢时间、     

云南松针上散斑壳的培养类型

四川二郎山云南松（Pinusyunnanensis）松针上散斑壳种有四川散斑秃（Lophodermiumsichuanense）、针叶树散斑壳（Lconigenum）、松针散斑壳（Lpinastri）印度散斑壳（Lindianum）,对主要种经单抱分离在2％MA（pH5.0）平板上25℃黑暗培养,按菌落形态特征、产孢状况,将L.sichuanense培养物划分为二个培养类型,Lconigenum划分五个培养类型,Lpinastri划分二个培养类型。在散斑壳种间及同一种的不同培养类型间,各培养物的生长适宜温度、适宜pH、适宜培养基以及产孢时间、产孢量等方面都存在着差异。     

散斑壳属一新种及两个中国新记录种

报道散斑壳属的3个分类单元,其中微毛柃Eurya hebeclados上的柃木散斑壳Lophodermium euryae sp.nov.是新种,多寄主种贝壳杉散斑壳L.agathidise和小散斑壳L.minus为中国新记录。对各种进行了汉文描述和讨论,新种附有拉丁文特征简介和形态结构图。供研究标本存放在安徽农业大学森林保护教研室(AAUFP)。     

松树上的七种散斑壳*

本文报道松树上散斑壳属(Lophodermium Chev)的7个种,其中3个新种:安徽散斑壳(L.anhuiense Y.R.Lin sp.nov.)、白皮松散斑壳(L.pini—bungeanae Y.R.Lin sp.nov.)及奇异散斑壳(L.mirabile Y.R.Lin sp.nov.);2个我国新记录种:针叶树散斑壳(L.conigenum(Brunaud)Hilitz.)和南方散斑壳(L.australe Dearn.);2个国内已记载的种:松针散斑壳(L.pinastri(schrad.)Chev.)和乔松散斑壳(L.pini-excelsae Ahmad)。文中列出了分种检索表,对新种作了拉丁文和汉文描述,对新记录种的主要特点以及已知种的寄主新记录和地理新分布分别作了记载。     

松树上的七种散斑壳

本文报道松树上散斑壳属(Lophodermium Chev)的7个种,其中3个新种:安徽散斑壳(L.anhuiense Y.R.Lin sp.nov.)、白皮松散斑壳(L.pini—bungeanae Y.R.Lin sp.nov.)及奇异散斑壳(L.mirabile Y.R.Lin sp.nov.);2个我国新记录种:针叶树散斑壳(L.conigenum(Brunaud)Hilitz.)和南方散斑壳(L.australe Dearn.);2个国内已记载的种:松针散斑壳(L.pinastri(schrad.)Chev.)和乔松散斑壳(L.pini-excelsae Ahmad)。文中列出了分种检索表,对新种作了拉丁文和汉文描述,对新记录种的主要特点以及已知种的寄主新记录和地理新分布分别作了记载。     

红松上的散斑壳

根据子囊果在寄主组织中的位置、生态学特性和松针上线纹有无等特点,将中国东北红松(Pinns koraiensis Sieb et Zucc.)上的散斑壳(Lophodermium Chev.)鉴定为5个种,其中2个新种:寄生散斑壳(Lophodermium parasiticum B. Z.He et Yang),大散斑壳(L.maximumB.Z.He et Yang);3个为我国新记录种:光亮散斑壳(L.nitens Darker)、偃松散斑壳(L.pini-pumilae Sawada)和乔松散斑壳(L.pini-excelsae Abmad)。引起红松落针病的病原菌主要是大散斑壳,其次是寄生散斑壳。     

斑痣盘菌科一新种

本文报道了一于油松上的斑痣盘科１新种：杨陵散斑壳并对新种的形态特征作了中文、拉丁文描述和图解。     

黄山产散斑壳属二新种

散斑壳属的两个新种,即生于黄山杜鹃Rhododendron maculiferum ssp.anhweiense上的纠丝散斑壳Lophodermium implicatum和强壮散斑壳L.validum。对它们作了拉丁文特征简介,汉文描述和图解,模式标本于安徽农业大学森林保护教研室（AAUFP）,合肥。     

斑痣盘菌科一新种及一中国新记录种

报道斑痣盘菌科的2个分类单元,其中生于八角Illiciumverum上的八角生散斑壳Lophodermiumilliciicolasp.nov.是新种,寄生于柳属植物Salixspp.上的脐突斑痣盘菌Rhytismaumbonatum为中国新记录种。对此二种进行了汉文描述、图解和讨论,新种附有拉丁文特征简介。供研究标本保藏于安徽农业大学森林保护教研室(AAUFP)。     

散斑壳属一新种

本文报道了松树上散斑壳属(Lophodermium Chev)的1个新种,即新疆五针松散斑壳(Lophodermium pini-sibiricum Hou et S．Q．Liu sp．nov．)。 文中对该新种的形态特征作了汉文和拉丁文的描述。     

Phylogenetics of Lophodermium from pine

Lophodermium comprises ascomycetous fungi that are both needle-cast pathogens and asymptomatic endophytes on a diversity of plant hosts. It is distinguished from other genera in the family Rhytismataceae by its filiform ascospores and ascocarps that open by a longitudinal slit. Nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA were used to infer phylogenetic relationships within Lophodermium. Twenty-nine sequences from approximately 11 species of Lophodermium were analyzed together with eight sequences from isolates thought to represent six other genera of Rhytismataceae: Elytroderma, Lirula, Meloderma, Terriera, Tryblidiopsis and Colpoma. Two putative Meloderma desmazieresii isolates occurred within the Lophodermium clade but separate from one another, one grouped with L. indianum and the other with L. nitens. An isolate of Elytroderma deformans also occurred within the Lophodermium clade but on a solitary branch. The occurrence of these genera within the Lophodermium clade might be due to problems in generic concepts in Rhytismataceae, such as emphasis on spore morphology to delimit genera, to difficulty of isolating Rhytismataceae needle pathogens from material that also is colonized by Lophodermium or to a combination of both factors. We also evaluated the congruence of host distribution and several morphological characters on the ITS phylogeny. Lophodermium species from pine hosts formed a monophyletic sister group to Lophodermium species from more distant hosts from the southern hemisphere, but not to L. piceae from Picea. The ITS topology indicated that Lophodermium does not show strict cospeciation with pines at deeper branches, although several closely related isolates have closely related hosts. Pathogenic species occupy derived positions in the pine clade, suggesting that pathogenicity has evolved from endophytism. A new combination is proposed, Terriera minor (Tehon) P.R. Johnst.     

Lophodermium pini-mugonis sp. nov. on needles of Pinus mugo from the Alps based on morphological and molecular data

Lophodermium pini-mugonis, collected on needles of Pinus mugo from German Alps, is described as a species new to science. It is characterized by subcuticular ascomata with a wrinkled surface and a somewhat untidy outline, a complex structure of lip cells, and ellipsoidal conidia. An analysis of the internal transcribed spaces of rDNA showed that Lophodermium pini-mugonis is, sister to Lophodermium autumnale and distantly related to other Lophodermium species on pines. The hypothesis of cospeciation of Lophodermium species with members of the Pinaceae is discussed.     

基于rDNA-ITS序列的散斑壳属系统发育学初步研究

对散斑壳属Lophodermium 22个种的40个rDNA-ITS序列进行分析,研究了该属种间系统发育关系。对以简约法构建的系统进化树分析表明,散斑壳属种间亲缘关系与其寄主有很大的相关性,针叶树和阔叶树上的散斑壳可能是亲缘关系较远的两大类群,寄主和产地的不同导致了L.agathidis、L.australe和L.conigenum等种内遗传变异。同时,子囊果的开口机构和唇细胞的有无及特征在种水平分类上具有重要意义,而rDNA-ITS序列系统学分析并不能证实子囊果埋生位置在散斑壳属分类上的重要性。     

我国南部地区一些针叶树上的斑痣盘菌

本文报道从我国南部地区针叶树上采集的斑痣盘菌,共5属9种。其中小双梭孢盘菌属(Bifusella v.Hhn.)是我国新记录属;杉生小双梭孢盘菌Bifusella cunninghamiicolaKorf & Ogimi)和落叶松散斑壳(Lophodermium laricinum Duby)为国内新记录种。对新记录属、种作了简要记述,记载了已知种的寄主新记录、地理新分布和生态习性,并对一些种的同物异名问题进行了必要的讨论。     

斑痣盘菌科一新种

本文报道了寄生于油松(Pinus tabuleaformis Carr.)上的斑痣盘菌科(Rhytismataceae Chev.)1新种:杨陵散斑壳(Lophodermium yanglingense Z.M.Cao et C.M.Tian),并对新种的形态特征作了中文、拉丁文描述和图解。     

Fungi in Living Symptomless Needles of Pinus sylvestris with Respect to Some Observed Disease Processes

The mycoflora in living symptomless needles of Pinus sylvestris was investigated in three 5–8 year-old plantations in Southern Poland from 1987 to 1990. The needles from trees with symptoms of the autumn needle cast and from trees without such symptoms were treated separately. In total 960 of the current year and 720 of the previous year needles were collected. Fungi were isolated from 80.1 % of needles and 3671 cultures belonging to 86 fungal taxa were obtained. Seven species of fungi showed the rate of infection above 5%: Anthostomella formosa, Lophodermium seditiosum, Cydaneusma minus, Cenangium ferruginosum, Lophodermium pinastri, Sclerophoma pythiophila and Anthostomella pedemontana. The frequency of infection of needles by these species depended on needle age, season of the year, calendar year and site. The spread of fungi in needles was not too high. They were found in 35.8 % of needle sections (isolations were made from 10,080 sections). The needle base, middle and top were infected with more or less similar frequency, but the differences were considerable for the individual fungal species. Anthostomella formosa and A. pedemontana generally occurred slightly more frequently on needles of trees without symptoms of the autumn needle cast, while the other four common species ( Cenangium ferruginosum, Cyclaneusma minus, Lophodermium pinastri, Lophodermium seditiosum ) generally occurred more frequently on needles of trees showing such symptoms. There were considerable differences in this respect among plantations investigated.     

黄山产散斑壳属二新种*

散斑壳属的两个新种,即生于黄山杜鹃Rhododendron maculiferum ssp. anhweiense上的纠丝散斑壳Lophodermium implicatum和强壮散斑壳L. validum。对它们作了拉丁文特征简介、汉文描述和图解。模式标本保藏于安徽农业大学森林保护教研室(AAUFP),合肥。