研究生高级生物化学课程教学改革的实践与思考

高级生物化学是食品科学与工程等相关专业研究生教学过程中的一门重要的专业基础课。针对目前研究生高级生物化学课程教学中存在的问题,本文在课程教学知识体系、教学方法与手段、考核评价方式等方面进行了教学改革的实践探索,以期为研究生高级生物化学教学实践和改革提供借鉴。     

现代微生物学研究生课程教学改革与实践——专题教学与seminar教学模式相结合

现代微生物学是面向基础医学专业硕士研究生开设的一门专业基础课程,旨在培养学生的基本科研素养和科研创造力,而传统的讲授型授课方式已无法满足新时代医学研究生教育要求。因此,本文通过专题教学与seminar教学模式(“讨论课”教学模式)相结合,设置六大专题板块辅以学生seminar汇报讨论,应用于现代微生物学研究生课程教学,探讨该教学实践的应用效果,全面提升医学研究生的知识理论水平,培养具有创新思维和具备基本科研素质的高层次医学人才,也为医学类专业其他研究生课程的教学改革提供有益参考。     

新工科背景下生物化学课程思政建设的探索与实践

生物化学课程作为专业基础课程，在生物、食品、医学、发酵等专业中广泛开设，承担着培养人才的重任。随着大思政思想渗透到所有学科和专业，生物化学课程思政建设的成败直接关系到为党育人、为国育才的成效。构建生物化学课程思政，并有机融合课程教学，是实现全方位育人的关键。基于新工科背景，本文从生物化学概况、生物化学课程思政建设的必要性、生物化学课程思政建设方案、实施策略及成效等方面对该课程近年的课程思政实践与探索进行总结，以期为相关高等院校生物类专业课程思政建设提供参考。     

PBL和CBL教学模式在《生物化学》课程教学改革中的探索

《生物化学》是各大高校相关专业普遍开设的专业基础课程。由于人才培养目标和专业特点的差异,《生物化学》课程一直是教学改革的热点。本文结合PBL、CBL教学模式和自身教学实践,对PBL和CBL教学模式在《生物化学》课程中的改革和探索进行了讨论,并分析了教学反思,旨在为《生物化学》课程教学改革提供参考。     

“2008年度北京医学生化及肿瘤标志联合研讨会”在京召开

1月10日,2008年度北京医学生化及肿瘤标志联合研讨会在北京友谊医院召开.本次会议由北京抗癌协会肿瘤标志专业委员会、生化学会医学生化专业委员会和首都医科大学生物化学与分子生物学系联合主办,福建新大陆生物技术公司与北京德易生物医学技术有限公司联合协办.会议由北京友谊医院谷俊朝教授,首都医科大学生物化学与分子生物学系张玉祥教授共同主持.来自全国各地的临床肿瘤学及相关学科,医学实验室的医师,研究生约70余人参加了此次会议.《生物技术世界》应邀参加了此次会议.     

浅谈医学高职高专生物化学教学的职业特色体现

医学高职高专院校以培养适应医疗卫生服务第一线,具有良好职业素质、过硬职业技能、熟练岗位能力的高等技术应用性人才为宗旨,因此与普通本科院校相比,具有自身独特的教学理念与教学模式.生物化学是一门理论性较强的综合性学科,涉及生物学、遗传学、分子生物学、医学以及化学等多个学科的内容.在医药卫生院校,生物化学是多个专业的基础课程,如何在生物化学的教学中体现职业特色,对高职高专院校实现其培养应用型人才的办学宗旨非常重要.高职院校生物化学教学必须准确理解高职教育质量观、人才观, 遵循高职教育规律, 突出高职教育的职业特色,才能保证自身优势,占领医学高等教育的一方市场,实现自身的长远发展.本文从生物化学的理论教学、实践教学、教学方法以及教师素质四个方面探讨医学高职高专生物化学教学的职业特色体现,现介绍如下.     

医学生物化学和分子生物学“课程思政”教学实践

"课程思政"是新时期对高校医学生物化学和分子生物学教学提出的新要求。医学生物化学与分子生物学具有天然的"课程思政"建设优势,本文从实验教学重在实践、理论教学融入人文素养教育、联系科学前沿启发科学精神及突发公共事件的即时导入四个方面,阐述了在医学生物化学与分子生物学课程体系中融入思政教育的教学实践,以达到价值塑造、能力培养、知识传授于一体的教学目标。     

生物化学教学与课程建设的体会

生物化学是生命科学学科中一门重要基础课程,对该专业本科生夯实基础、学好专业、未来发展起着关键作用.基于长期教学及教学改革的实践,对生物化学课程从教学内容、教学形式、教学方法和手段的完善与更新进行了探索,并提出了一些具体建议,旨在为该课程教学质量的提高提供参考.     

生物化学教学中“聚糖与医学”相关内容的引入与探讨

聚糖在生理、病理中作用机制的阐释使聚糖与医学的相关性得到重视,聚糖结构的变化常与疾病直接相关。生物化学作为生物相关专业的重要基础课程,其教学内容也应该引入新的科研成果,与时俱进。目前各个版本的生物化学课本并未涉及“聚糖与医学”相关知识,本文对“聚糖与医学”相关内容在生物化学教学中的引入进行了探讨,并对肿瘤等疾病中的异常聚糖以及聚糖在疾病治疗和诊断中的应用等引入内容进行了具体阐述。“聚糖与医学”相关内容的引入符合“基础与临床”相结合的教学理念,有利于增加学生对科研前沿的了解,提升学生的科研素养和核心竞争力。     

通过“现代微生物学技术”课程教学培养研究生创新能力的实践

创新能力提升是当前研究生培养的核心目标,为了探索提高硕士研究生创新能力的课程教学新模式,笔者以微生物学相关专业学术型硕士研究生的选修课程——“现代微生物学技术”课程为例,对课程的教学内容、方法、考核方式等开展了探索与实践。授课教师通过案例教学、研讨式课堂和评价方式的改革,不仅让研究生掌握了现代微生物学技术的相关专业知识和学科前沿,更加提升了学生发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力,进而提高了研究生的创新能力。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.