共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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分子标记技术及其在水稻基因定位上的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分子标记作为一种新兴的遗传标记手段,因其特有的优势而得到广泛的应用,带动了许多领域的快速发展.本文主要对分子标记的一般特点,基于全基因序列、简单重复序列、已知的特定序列、反转录转座子、单核苷酸的分子标记的类型及各类型代表性技术的基本原理和各自的优缺点进行详尽的综述,并进一步介绍了近年来分子标记在水稻基因定位上的相关应用,如水稻高产、优质、抗逆和抗病等重要农艺性状基因的分离克隆.最后还对分子标记技术在遗传图谱构建、基因定位和分子标记辅助育种等方面的应用前景予以展望,以期该技术能发挥更大的作用. 相似文献
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报导了一个分子标记连锁图的快速构建方法.通过对水稻(Oryza sativa L.)"安农S-1"和"南京11"的F2分离群体的AFLP分析找到了142个AFLP标记,用这142个AFLP标记以及已定位的25个SSR标记和5个RFLP标记构建了水稻12个染色体的分子标记连锁图,该图覆盖水稻基因组的1 537.4 cM,相邻标记间的平均间距为9.0 cM,这是在国内建立的第一张AFLP标记连锁图.在建立连锁图谱的同时把一个新基因tms5 (水稻温敏核不育基因)定位在第2染色体上. 相似文献
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通过理论计算得知,在随机抽取的BC5S1近等基因系中,回交亲本的分子位点约有96%得到了恢复,供体亲本的分子位点将只保留4%,且其中约2/3因与转育位点相连锁而位于标记连锁区。这表明在遗传连锁研究中,可以应用作物近等基因系把分子位点和常规位点定位到同一连锁群上。 相似文献
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用AFLP标记快速构建遗传连锁图谱并定位一个新基因tms5 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
报导了一个分子标记连锁图的快速构建方法。通过对水稻(Oryza sativa L.)“安农S-1”和“南京11”的F2分离群体的AFLP分析找到了142个AFLP标记,用这142个AFLP标记以及已定位的25个SSR标记和5个RFIP标记构建了水稻12个染色体的分子标记连锁图,该图覆盖水稻基因组的1537.4cM,相邻标记间的平均间距为9.0cM,这是在国内建立的第一张AFLP标记连锁图。在建立连锁图谱的同时把一个新基因tms5(水稻温敏核不育基因)定位在第2染色体上。 相似文献
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水稻中大麦Mlo和玉米Hm1抗病基因同源序列的分析和定位 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
大麦抗病基因Mlo和玉米抗病基因Hm1编码的产物不具有绝大多数植物抗病基因产物所含有的保守结构域。这两个抗病基因的作用机理也不符合基因对基因学说。从水稻中分离克隆了Mlo基因的同源序列OsMlo-1和玉米Hm1基因的同源序列DFR-1。利用水稻分子标记遗传连锁图,将OsMlo-1定位于水稻第六染色体的两俱RZ667和RG424之间;Osmlo-1距离这两个分子标记分别为20.6和6.0cM(centi-Morgan)。将DFR-1定位于水稻第一染色体两个分子标记R2635和RG462之间;DFR-1距离这两个分子标记分别为11.3和23.9cM。参照已发表的水稻分子标记连锁图,发现OsMlo-1和DFR-1的染色体位点分别与两个报道的水稻抗稻瘟病数量性状位点(QTL)有较好的对应关系。结果提示,水稻中与大麦Mlo 和玉米Hml同源的基因可能也参于抗病反应的调控。 相似文献
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家养动物复杂性状基因定位的统计分析和实验设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
复杂性状基因定位的研究是人类、动植物研究中的1个热点领域。在畜禽的研究中,其目的是定位与生产性状、繁殖性状和疾病相关的基因。在人类中,复杂性状基因定位的研究具有极大的挑战性。尽管基因定位的结果积累得很快,但能得以确认的结果却很少。关于畜禽基因定位的研究结果同样也增长很快,目前在鸡、猪、奶牛等物种中几个大尺度的基因定位工作也正在开展中。虽然在不远的将来能够得到新的、可确信的结果,但是如何精确地理解这些复杂性状的基因仍然需要一定的时间。近来,复杂性状基因定位的方法已被用于通过基因表达的数据研究转录调节因子的定位工作中,这是基因定位研究中1个新的领域。基因定位的统计分析和实验设计是基因定位研究中的关键性步骤,研究的目的在于讨论畜禽复杂性状基因定位的统计分析和实验设计的研究进展及今后的发展。 相似文献
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催乳素受体基因的研究进展 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
本文介绍催乳素受体的结构,催乳素受体基因的发育性表达及作用,催乳素受体基因的作用机理与分子调控,催乳素受体基因的定位以及其与繁殖性状的关系等。提示催乳素受体基因可作为繁殖性状的一个候选基因。
Abstract:This review introduced the structure of prolactin receptor,the developmental expression and function,action mechanism and molecular regulation,mapping of prolactin receptor gene and its relationship with reproductive traits.These revealed that prolactin receptor gene could be used as a candidate gene for reproductive traits. 相似文献
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Markers are of interest to plant breeders as a source of genetic information on crops and for use in indirect selection of traits to which the markers are linked. In the classic breeding approach, the markers were invariably the visible morphological and other phenotypic characters, and the breeders expended considerable effort and time in refining the crosses as the tight linkage or association of the desired characters with the obvious phenotypic characters was never unequivocally established. Furthermore, indirect selection for a trait using such morphological markers was not practical due to (1) a paucity of suitable markers, (2) the undesirable pleiotropic effects of many morphological markers on plant phenotype, and (3) the inability to score multiple morphological mutant traits in a single segregating population. With the advancement in molecular biology, the use of molecular markers in plant breeding has become very commonplace and has given rise to “molecular breeding”. Molecular breeding involves primarily “gene tagging”, followed by “marker-assisted selection” of desired genes or genomes. Gene tagging refers to the identification of existing DNA or the introduction of new DNA that can function as a tag or label for the gene of interest. In order for the DNA sequences to be conserved as a tag, important prerequisites exist. This review also summarizes the achievements in gene tagging that have been made over the last 7 to 8 years. 相似文献
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Shan-Zhi Lin Zhi-Yi Zhang Qian Zhang Yuan-Zhen Lin 《植物学报(英文版)》2006,48(9):1001-1007
The poplar is one of the most economically important and intensively studied tree species owing to its wide application in the timber industry and as a model material for the study of woody plants. The natural resource of poplars in China is replete. Over the past 10 years, the application of molecular biological techniques to genetic improvements in poplar species has been widely studied in China. Recent advances in molecular genetic improvements of poplar, including cDNA library construction, gene cloning and identification, genetic engineering, gene expression, genetic linkage map construction, mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and molecular-assisted selection, are reviewed in the present paper. In addition, the application of modern biotechnology to molecular improvements in the genetic traits of the poplar and some unsolved problems are discussed. 相似文献
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Mapping the bovine genome: methodological aspects and strategy* 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. Fries 《Animal genetics》1993,24(2):111-116
Summary
The mapping of genes that control traits of economic importance will ultimately lead to the unravelling of the molecular basis of genetic variation. The main prerequisite for mapping of the unknown genes is a sufficient number of highly polymorphic marker loci which are evenly distributed along the chromosomes. The establishment of such a marker map in cattle and other species is based on methods used in human gene mapping. Comparative mapping facilitates saturation of the chromosomes with markers by utilizing the high degree of conservation of synteny among mammalian species. Comparative mapping will also allow access to the detailed mapping data and to extensive sequence information expected from the human genome initiative. 相似文献
The mapping of genes that control traits of economic importance will ultimately lead to the unravelling of the molecular basis of genetic variation. The main prerequisite for mapping of the unknown genes is a sufficient number of highly polymorphic marker loci which are evenly distributed along the chromosomes. The establishment of such a marker map in cattle and other species is based on methods used in human gene mapping. Comparative mapping facilitates saturation of the chromosomes with markers by utilizing the high degree of conservation of synteny among mammalian species. Comparative mapping will also allow access to the detailed mapping data and to extensive sequence information expected from the human genome initiative. 相似文献
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水产动物遗传连锁图谱的研究现状及应用展望 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
综述了近年来遗传连锁图谱在水产生物中的研究现状,包括作图群体、作图方法等,并对连锁图谱的应用前景作了展望,指出其在分子标记辅助育种、基因定位与克隆及比较基因组学等方面的应用潜力。
Abstract:Constructing genetic linkage map is an essential tool to acknowledge genome in aquaculture species.This paper has reviewed the current status of genetic linkage map research,including mapping population,mapping method and molecular markers used to construct linkage map.Linkage map has great potential in marker assisted selection (MAS),gene locating and cloning,and comparative genome mapping.Genetic linkage map with high density and wide coverage of genome will allow cloning the genes which contribute to economically important traits.The ultimate aim of the constructing linkage map is the development of fast-growing,disease-resistant strains of the major aquaculture species. 相似文献