陕西秦岭太白山北坡食蚜蝇科昆虫区系调查

鉴定出秦岭太白山北坡食蚜蝇科昆虫2亚科,10族,35属,61种,包括中国新记录种3种:亮黄斑食蚜蝇Xanthogramma laetum(Fabricius)、无饰缩颜蚜蝇Pipiza inornataMatsumura和阿尔泰颜突蚜蝇Portevinia altaica(Stackelberg),陕西省新记录种16种。太白山北坡食蚜蝇科昆虫的区系成分以古北、东洋区共有种为主体,古北区成分略占优,东洋区成分占有一定比例;从属的分布类型看,多区属比例高达57.14%,单区属均为古北区成分,所占比例最低。太白山北坡食蚜蝇科昆虫区系具有明显的过渡性,混杂性和复杂性。     

长白山天蛾科昆虫区系特点及地理分布

调查研究表明:长白山自然保护区有天蛾科昆虫31种,隶属5个亚科19属。其中白须天蛾Kentrochrysalis sieversiAlpheraky、女贞天蛾K.streckeriStaudinger为长白山新记录,黄脉天蛾AmorphaamurensisStaudinger为优势种。绝大多数天蛾种类是单带种,仅分布阔叶红松林带,只有黄脉天蛾为多带种。天蛾成虫活动期为5月下旬~8月中旬,种群数量最多时间为6月~7月。昆虫区系主要起源于古北区,区系以东方成分为主,其次是欧洲-西伯利亚成分,亦有一定数量中亚细亚或印度-马来西亚成分。     

天牛科5亚科昆虫成虫口器形态比较

观察比较了天牛科5亚科昆虫成虫口器的形态特征。结果表明:沟胫天牛亚科上颚切齿钝,花天牛亚科和天牛亚科中访花天牛上颚内缘具毛刷,沟胫天牛亚科和锯天牛亚科天牛不具毛刷;锯天牛亚科下颚内颚叶退化,沟胫天牛亚科、花天牛亚科、天牛亚科中内颚叶、外颚叶均发达,沟胫天牛亚科下颚须第4节纺锤状,锯天牛亚科、花天牛亚科棒状,天牛亚科形态多样;花天牛亚科和天牛亚科中访花天牛下唇唇舌发达,分2叶且膜质,其他亚科中唇舌均有骨化。锯天牛亚科天牛内颚叶退化,与其成虫阶段不取食有关,花天牛亚科和天牛亚科中访花天牛唇舌发达且成膜质,与访花习性有关。     

天牛科新种记述

本文记述天牛科新种十种,属于花天牛亚科的二种,天牛亚科的三种,沟胫天牛亚科的五种。新种模式标本存放地点,除在新种下注明的而外,均存西南农学院植保系。 花天牛亚科 x纹筒花天牛Encyclops x-signata Chiang新种(图版I:1) 雄虫 体型狭长,两侧平行,近圆筒形。全体茶褐色,被极薄的灰黄色绒毛;鞘翅背中央各有一淡黄褐色大形半环纹,左右相合成“X”纹,翅基部五分之一处各有一同色的斜弧纹,其后端左右相接,沿中缝下伸与“X”纹的中间相连,翅端部五分之一处淡黄褐色,斑纹之间的部分茶褐色较深暗。     

贺兰山天牛科昆虫区系组成及垂直分布

2013-2015年对贺兰山不同海拔和垂直植被带的天牛科昆虫进行系统调查,结果表明:贺兰山共有天牛科昆虫6亚科31属45种,其中,沟胫天牛亚科属、种数最多,有14属21种,其种数占总种数46.67%,天牛亚科有9属12种,幽天牛亚科有4属5种,花天牛亚科有2属4种,锯天牛亚科2属2种,膜花天牛亚科仅有1属1种。区系组成上,古北界有17种,占总种数的37.78%,其中中亚成分占35.29%,广布型28种,占总种数的62.22%。在我国昆虫地理区划中的分布共有13个分布类型,全国广布型最多,占总种数的20%。以蒙新区种类为主体,并与东北区和华北区关系密切联系。在垂直分布上,以山前阔叶林带采集到的天牛种类最多,有22种,占总数的48.89%;从低海拔的山前荒漠半荒漠带到高海拔的山地针叶林带,天牛物种数量逐渐增加;除山地草原带外,随海拔增高,古北界种类逐渐增多。通过聚类分析显示,山地针叶林带和针阔混交林带天牛种类组成相似性较高;山地灌丛带、山地疏林带和山前阔叶林带相似性较高;山前荒漠半荒漠带、山地草地带与其他植被带天牛组成差异较大。     

中国天牛科二新记录种

本文记述采自中国吉林的花天牛亚科Ｌｅｐｔｕｒｉｎａｅ中国２新记录种,即显突花天牛属Ｍａｃｒｏｐｉｄｏｎｉａ的红胸显突花天牛Ｍ．ｒｕｆｉｃｏｌｉｓＰｉｃ和宽翅花天牛属Ｊｕｄｏｌｉｄｉａ的庞氏宽翅花天牛Ｊ．ｂａｎｇｉ（Ｐｉｃ）。     

天牛科中国二新纪录种记述(鞘翅目)

记述了采自中国吉林省的天牛科Cerambycidae中国2新纪录种,即天牛亚科Cerambycinae短翅天牛属Glaphyra的白腹短翅天牛Glaphyra ishiharai(Ohbayashi,1936)及沟胫天牛亚科Lamiinae拟修天牛属Eumecocera的黑拟修天牛Eumecocera unicolor(Kano,1933),标本保存在北华大学林学院昆虫标本室。     

TWO NEW RECORD SPECIES OF CERAMBYCIDAE IN CHINA ( COLEOPTERA )

记述了采自中国吉林省的天牛科Cerambycidac中国2新纪录种,即天牛亚科Cerambycinae短翅天牛属Glaphyra的白腹短翅天牛Glaphyra ishiharai( Ohbayashi,1936)及沟胫天牛亚科Lamiinae拟修天牛属Eumecocera的黑拟修天牛Eumecocera unicdor (Kano,1933),标本保存在北华大学林学院昆虫标本室.     

原色日本昆虫图鉴(甲虫篇)天牛科介绍

<正> 日本甲虫学会经多年调查,落实日本本土(包括琉球群岛在内)共产天牛650种,为地处高纬度英(本土)岛国产天牛60种的10倍左右,可见大陆岛国产天牛种类是比较丰富的。图鉴(保育社1980年增补改订版)收录附图371种,按6亚科分类系统处理,沟胫天牛亚科150种,花天牛及天牛亚科各90余种,锯天牛亚科5种,下余为幽天牛及瘦天牛亚科。日本所产大陆种天牛,分化种占大部,有些种可说明分布的南北极限,种的特征固定,也有色斑有变化的种类。如为东洋区特产,日本为分布北限的有:长毛虎天牛Mimistena     

中国花天牛亚科一新纪录属及一新种记述(鞘翅目,天牛科)

记述了中国花天牛亚科1新纪录属角花天牛属Munamizoa Matsushitaet Tamanuki,1940及1新种长白山角花天牛Munamizoa changbaishanensis sp.nov.,模式标本采自吉林省长白山,保存在北华大学林学院昆虫标本室。     

长白山不同植被带大型真菌多样性调查名录Ⅰ 高山苔原带

根据笔者2007—2009年间在长白山自然保护区高山苔原带所采集的标本,报道了长白山高山苔原带分布的大型真菌4目13科19属37种,标本采集地点包括长白山自然保护区的北坡、西坡和南坡苔原带。本名录共引证标本100余份,绝大多数标本为首次被引证。其中,中国新记录种1个,吉林省新记录种2个。标本存放在吉林农业大学菌物标本馆(HMJAU)。     

长白山不同植被带大型真菌多样性调查名录Ⅱ亚高山岳桦林带

根据2002年和2007—2009年间在长白山自然保护区岳桦林带所采集的标本,报道了长白山亚高山岳桦林带分布的大型真菌10目29科57属114种,包括中国新记录种5种,吉林省新记录种4种。采集地点包括长白山自然保护区北坡、西坡和南坡的岳桦林带。本名录共引证标本180余份,所有标本均为首次被引证,保藏于吉林农业大学菌物标本馆(HMJAU)。     

从长白山森林土壤中分离的茎点霉属(Phoma)真菌新记录种(英文)

长白山自然保护区是目前整个欧亚大陆生态系统保存较完整的森林生态系统之一,自然环境复杂多变,该保护区蕴藏着极其丰富的动物、植物及微生物资源。本研究从长白山自然保护区北坡森林土壤中分离获得1株茎点霉属(Phoma)真菌,经形态观察鉴定为淡黄茎点霉(P.flavescens),为我国首次报道。     

河南伏牛山两栖动物资源调查

于2003年8月21～30日、10月1～6日、2004年3月17日～5月28日,采用样线法或样地法,结合资料和走访调查,目前伏牛山共有两栖动物12种,隶属2目、4科、9属,占河南省现有两栖动物物种总数的46.2%.其中分布于南坡的有12种,北坡有9种,南坡比北坡物种丰富、群落多样性高.     

A review of Quaternary range shifts in European aquatic Coleoptera

Aim To undertake a quantitative review of the Quaternary fossil record of European water beetles to evaluate their geographical and temporal coverage, and to characterize the extent and typology of the shifts in their geographical ranges. Location Europe. Methods We compiled Quaternary water beetle records from public databases and published references. We included in the analyses species of 10 families of aquatic Coleoptera, and recorded range shifts through the comparison of the location of fossil remains with the current distribution of the species. We explored the ecological representativeness of the fossil record, as well as the relationship between range shifts and the habitat type of the species. Results Our final data set included over 9000 records for 259 water beetle species. Fossil remains of aquatic beetles have been documented exclusively north of 42° N, with most of the records from the British Isles and virtually none from southern Europe or the Mediterranean Basin. Over 80% of the records were from the Late Glacial and the Holocene periods (the last 15 kyr), and overall approximately 20% of the species have been recorded outside their present range (23% excluding Holocene records). Most range shifts were southern or western extensions of currently widespread, northern species, with 10 species displaying major range shifts through the Palaearctic. Lentic species were significantly more likely to have experienced major range shifts, even accounting for the general ecological bias of the fossil record towards lentic habitats. Main conclusions Our results show that the Quaternary record of aquatic Coleoptera is geographically, temporally and ecologically skewed, necessitating caution when extrapolating general conclusions about range changes and ecological stability to other areas or periods on the basis of such scattered evidence. Most central and northern European species for which there are fossil records seem to have conserved their ranges through the Late Pleistocene, with geographical shifts mostly restricted to species with current widespread north Palaearctic or Holarctic distributions. Major range shifts through the Palaearctic are taxonomically uneven, suggesting either an idiosyncratic behaviour of taxa depending on ecological or phylogenetic factors, or a sampling artefact produced by the limited availability of taxonomic expertise.     

从长白山土壤中分离的3种弯颈霉属真菌(英文)

采用土壤稀释平板法从采自长白山自然保护区北坡森林的土壤样品中分离纯化出较多的弯颈霉属(Tolypocladium)真菌菌株,经形态观察鉴定出3个种,即雪白弯颈霉(T.niveum)、柱孢弯颈霉(T.cylindrospo-rum)及地生弯颈霉(T.geodes),其中(T.cylindrosporum)和(T.geodes)为中国新记录种。统计分析结果表明这3种真菌为喜冷真菌,表现出具有海拔分布特点。     

The role of cuticular hydrocarbons in mating and conspecific recognition in the closely related longicorn beetles Pidonia grallatrix and P. takechii

The role of cuticular chemicals in mating behavior and their chemical components were studied in two sympatric flower-visiting longicorn beetles, Pidonia grallatrix and P. takechii. Mating experiments revealed that female cuticular chemicals elicit male mating behavior and that males can discriminate between conspecific and heterospecific females on the basis of contact chemicals. GC-MS analyses of whole-body extracts in the two species and both sexes determined that extracts contained a series of hydrocarbons including n-alkanes, n-alkenes, and methylalkanes. The relative abundance of some hydrocarbons differed between species and sexes, and canonical discriminant analysis showed discrimination of species and sex could be made unambiguously with several compounds. These results imply that the difference in cuticular hydrocarbons facilitates the premating isolation of sympatric Pidonia species.     

长白山北坡鹀属鸟类群落结构的研究

鹀属(Emberiza Linnaeus)鸟类种类繁多,仅我国就有26种(郑作新,1973),它们分布广泛,数量较多,几乎遍布全国各地。这些鸟类和人们的经济关系较为密切。有关它们和农业方面的关系已有过报道(贾相刚等,1973)。但是,和森林的关系,资料并不多。 关于鸟类群落的研究,对鸟类生态学的进一步发展有很重要的意义。这方面的工作,国     

长白山北坡3个森林群落主要树种种间联结性

长白山是东亚大陆在我国境内唯一具有高山冻原的山地,分析长白山北坡3个群落乔木种的种间关联性尚未见报道。调查了长白山北坡海拔700—1700m的森林群落,根据调查资料,进行了TWINSPAN分类和种间联结性分析。结果表明:(1)35个样方被分为3个群落类型,即原始阔叶红松林、天然次生林和云冷杉林。34个树种被分为五类,第一类和第二类主要为阴性或中性偏阴性的硬阔叶树种,第三类和第四类主要为阳性或中性偏阳的软阔叶树种,第五类主要为针叶树种。(2)原始阔叶红松林建群种总体关联性呈不显著负相关,天然次生林和云冷杉林呈不显著正相关。(3)原始阔叶红松林、天然次生林和云冷杉林分别有89%、76%、47%的种对间关联程度紧密,植物群落稳定性与种间关系并非趋于正相关。