早期光疗对早产儿黄疸的影响

目的：探讨在经皮胆红素监测下早期蓝光干预对早产儿高胆红素血症的防治作用。方法：选择2009年10月-2011年10月我院新生儿科收治的86例出生体重≤2000g,无出生窒息史的早产儿,按住院号单双号分为观察组46例和对照组40例。对照组按照我国2000年制定的新生儿黄疸干预推荐方案的干预标准进行光疗。观察组于出现黄疸和／或经皮胆红素〉85．50μmol／L,但尚未达方案的干预标准就进行光疗,监测经皮胆红素至黄痘消失。经皮胆红素值达187．5μmol／L以上时同时查静脉血监测血清总胆红素。比较2组早产儿经皮胆红素峰值及恢复正常时间。结果：观察组与对照组比较经皮胆红素峰值较低,黄疸持续时间较短,两组比较P均〈0．05,有统计学差异。结论：早产儿在经皮胆红素监测下进行早期蓝光干预有利于降低早产儿胆红素峰值,缩短黄疸持续时间。有效预防早产儿胆红素脑病。     

整肠生、茵栀黄干预新生儿黄疸的临床治疗

目的评价整肠生和茵栀黄干预新生儿黄疸的临床治疗。方法82例新生儿黄疸随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组在常规治疗的基础上,加用整肠生和茵栀黄,连用5~7 d。2组每日测胆红素1次。结果干预组胆红素日均下降值(48.5±26.15)μmol/L,明显高于对照组(36.32±24.37)μmol/L,P<0.05。结论整肠生和茵栀黄用于治疗新生儿黄疸,有助于胆红素代谢排出,减少新生儿胆红素异常增高,缩短黄疸持续时间,值得临床推广。     

金双歧联合茵桅黄口服液治疗母乳性黄疸疗效观察

目的探讨治疗新生儿母乳性黄疸的有效方法。方法将185例新生儿母乳性黄疸分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组的新生儿在出生后24 h内开始口服金双歧(0.5 g/次,3次/d,温水冲服),同时口服茵桅黄口服液(5 mL/次,2次/d),疗程5～7 d。对照组不采取任何干预措施。结果治疗组胆红素日均下降值为(42.31±16.12)μmol/L显著高于对照组的(22.26±11.25)μmol/L(P<0.05);观察组胆红素下降至119.5μmol/L以下的天数为(4.2±1.9)d,显著短于对照组的(7.8±3.5)d(P<0.05)。结论金双歧联合茵桅黄口服液应用于母乳性黄疸,可迅速降低胆红素水平,缩短治疗时间,无副作用,值得临床推广应用。     

布拉酵母菌散联合蒙脱石散早期预防新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效

目的探讨布拉酵母菌散联合蒙脱石散早期预防新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效。方法选择正常足月新生儿86例,随机分为干预组和对照组各43例。两组新生儿均于生后进行纯母乳喂养。干预组在纯母乳喂养基础上加用布拉酵母菌散联合蒙脱石散口服,连用5 d。其中布拉酵母菌散0.125 g/次,1次/d,母乳喂养后口服;蒙脱石散剂1 g,3次/d,母乳喂养后口服。对照组不采取任何干预措施。观察并记录两组干预前后血清总胆红素水平的变化,并比较两组血清胆红素的峰值、黄疸持续时间、胎便排空时间及大便频率。结果干预5 d后,两组血清总胆红素水平均较干预前不同程度上升(P0.05或P0.01),干预组上升幅度明显低于对照组(P0.05);同时干预组血清胆红素峰值、黄疸持续时间、胎便排空时间明显少于对照组(P0.05),干预组的大便频率明显多于对照组(P0.05)。结论口服布拉酵母菌散联合蒙脱石散早期预防新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效较显著,能降低体内血总胆红素水平,缩短黄疸持续时间,加快胎粪的排泄,对预防新生儿高胆红素血症的发生具有良好的作用。     

早期护理干预对早产儿黄疸蓝光治疗效果观察

目的探讨早期护理干预对蓝光照射治疗早产儿黄疸的疗效。方法选取我院新生儿室早产儿156例,按入院先后随机分为观察组和对照组各78例,观察组采用发育支持性护理、维持恒定体温、稀释奶液浓度、小剂量灌肠、抚触等护理干预,对照组78例采用常规护理,观察比较两组患儿的黄疸消退时间、蓝光照射时间、住院时间及血氧饱和度情况。结果观察组患儿的黄疸消退时间、蓝光照射时间、住院时间均明显短于对照组,血氧饱和度水平明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论在蓝光治疗早产儿黄疸过程中,实施早期护理干预能有效提高治疗效果,副作用少,有利促进患儿康复,值得推广应用。     

腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效及对血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子水平的影响

目的:探讨腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效及对患儿血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子水平的影响。方法:选取2017年3月至2019年3月我院收治的203例新生儿黄疸患儿,按照随机数表法分为观察组(n=105)和对照组(n=98)。对照组采用白蛋白治疗,观察组采用腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗。观察及对比两组治疗疗效,黄疸消退时间及黄疸指数水平,治疗前后胆红素各项指标、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子、转铁蛋白水平的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[92.38%(97/105) vs. 80.61%(79/98)](P0.05);黄疸消退时间及黄疸指数水平均显著低于对照组[(4.15±0.82) d vs.(5.31±0.92) d,(56.02±7.36)μmol/L vs.(82.86±9.32)μmol/L](P0.05);间接胆红素、结合胆红素、总胆红素水平均显著低于对照组[(108.75±6.21) d vs.(146.03±7.32) d,(7.49±0.85)μmol/L vs.(9.57±1.02)μmol/L,(117.80±6.52)μmol/L vs.(151.09±8.34)μmol/L](P0.05);γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子均显著低于对照组[(56.01±6.45) U/L vs.(89.56±10.73) U/L,(19.30±2.17) ng/L vs 26.78±3.67) ng/L](P0.05);而转铁蛋白水平均显著高于对照组[(1.96±0.27)g/L vs.(1.60±0.24)g/L](P0.05)。结论:腺苷蛋氨酸联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效显著优于单用白蛋白治疗,其可有效改善患儿的黄疸临床症状,降低血清胆红素、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胰岛素样生长因子水平。     

浅谈蓝光治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的护理

新生儿高胆红素血症其病因很多 ,常见为ABO血型不合及感染败血症等引起。我科采用蓝光照射治疗新生儿高胆红素血症 ,收到良好的效果 ,现将护理体会报告如下。1　临床资料　　本组 88例 ,其中男 60例 ,女 2 8例 ,平均发病日龄 2 .6天。病因分类 :ABO血型不合溶血病 2 3例 ,G- 6- PD缺陷 31例 ,感染 5 4例。光疗前平均总胆红素 341 .4μmol/L,平均光疗 5 3.2 3h后 ,总胆红素平均减少至 1 5 2 .1 9μmol/L,黄疸平均消退时间 3.81天。光疗过程中出现腹泻 8例 ,皮疹 5例 ,偶有两眼凝视、惊跳 3例 ,稍腹胀 3例 ,呕吐2例 ,烦躁、哭闹不安 ,紫…     

血清NSE在金双歧、茵栀黄及蓝光照射治疗 高胆红素血症新生儿脑损伤前后的临床意义

目的分析血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)含量在金双歧、茵栀黄及蓝光照射治疗前后高胆红素血症新生儿脑损伤的关系。方法对130例高胆红素血症新生儿在治疗前及治疗后分别采用酶联免疫法测定血清NSE,同时行新生儿神经行为测定(NBNA)评分及急性胆红素脑病(ABE)的胆红素致神经功能障碍(BIND)评分,按血清总胆红素(TBIL)严重程度分为试验组和对照组,试验组包括:轻度升高组(A组):205.2μmol/LTBIL≤256.5μmol/L;中度升高组(B组):256.5μmol/LTBIL≤342.0μmol/L;重度升高组(C组):TBIL342.0μmol/L。对照组:金双歧、茵栀黄及蓝光照射治疗后的患儿TBIL91.9～171.0μmol/L。比较各组高胆红素血症新生儿治疗前后血清NSE、NBNA评分及BIND评分,并对血清NSE与NBNA评分及BIND评分进行相关性分析。结果各组高胆红素血症新生儿血清NSE、NBNA评分及BIND评分治疗前后差异均具有统计学意义(Ps0.05)。血清NSE与NBNA评分呈负相关(r=-0.869,P0.01);血清NSE与BIND评分呈正相关(r=0.577,P0.01)。结论血清NSE水平变化可作为高胆红素血症新生儿脑损伤的检测指标。     

酪酸梭菌活菌散联合光疗治疗新生儿母乳性黄疸临床观察

目的探讨酪酸梭菌活菌散（商品名：宝乐安）联合光疗治疗母乳性黄疸的临床疗效。方法将母乳性黄疸患儿116例随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组59例在光疗、补液等常规治疗的同时给予口服酪酸梭菌活菌散;对照组57例应用光疗、补液等常规治疗。治疗中观察患儿黄疸消退时间并定期检测血清胆红素含量,比较胆红素日均下降速度及治愈时间。结果观察组治愈时间短于对照组（P〈0．05）,观察组日均胆红素下降值高于对照组（P〈0．01）,差异具有非常显著性。结论酪酸梭菌活菌散联合光疗治疗母乳性黄疸能够缩短光疗时间和快速降低血清胆红素,值得临床推广应用。     

酪酸梭菌活菌散辅助治疗新生儿黄疸的随机多中心临床疗效观察

目的观察酪酸梭菌活菌散(商品名:宝乐安)辅助治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效。方法将543例新生儿黄疸患儿随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组274例,对照组269例。观察组在蓝光治疗的同时给予酪酸梭菌活菌散口服,0.5g/次,3次/d,服至黄疸消退;对照组只给予蓝光治疗。于治疗后48h、72h、96h检测血清胆红素值。结果治疗72h、96h后观察组血清胆红素水平较对照组明显下降(P0.05)。结论在蓝光治疗新生儿黄疸的同时服用酪酸梭菌活菌散,可迅速降低胆红素水平,缩短治疗时间。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细