S100A8 and S100A9 promotes invasion and migration through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent NF-κB activation in gastric cancer cells

S100A8 and S100A9 (S100A8/A9) are low-molecular weight members of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins. Recent studies have reported S100A8/A9 promote tumorigenesis. We have previously reported that S100A8/A9 is mostly expressed in stromal cells and inflammatory cells between gastric tumor cells. However, the role of environmental S100A8/A9 in gastric cancer has not been defined. We observed in the present study the effect of S100A8/A9 on migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. S100A8/ A9 treatment increased migration and invasionat lower concentrations that did not affect cell proliferation and cell viability. S100A8/A9 caused activation of p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). The phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was not affected by the NF-κB inhibitor Bay whereas activation of NF-κB was blocked by p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580, indicating that S100A8/A9-induced NF-κB activation is mediated by phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. S100A8/A9-induced cell migration and invasion was inhibited by SB203580 and Bay, suggesting that activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB is involved in the S100A8/A9 induced cell migration and invasion. S100A8/A9 caused an increase in matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP12 expression, which were inhibited by SB203580 and Bay. S100A8/A9-induced cell migration and invasion was inhibited by MMP2 siRNA and MMP12 siRNA, indicating that MMP2 and MMP12 is related to the S100A8/A9 induced cell migration and invasion. Taken together, these results suggest that S100A8/A9 promotes cell migration and invasion through p38 MAPKdependent NF-κB activation leading to an increase of MMP2 and MMP12 in gastric cancer.     

S100A4 在胰腺癌中的研究进展

胰腺癌最重要的生物学特性是容易发生转移和侵袭,致使很多患者无法得到根治性治疗。外科手术是胰腺癌惟一可能治愈的手段,但仅有10-20%的患者有机会手术治疗。错过早期诊断、常规疗法普遍不明显及快速肿瘤扩散共同导致患者的预后不良。胰腺癌的发生、发展受多基因调控。S100A4基因是近几年发现的一种具有促肿瘤作用的基因,目前研究认为该蛋白在胰腺癌的侵袭和转移中起重要作用.本文主要就S100A4与胰腺癌的有关研究进展加以综述。     

A simple method of chymotrypsin concentration and purification from pancreas homogenate using Eudragit® L100 and Eudragit® S100

The condition of chymotrypsin (ChTRP)–Eudragit^® (Eu) insoluble complex formation was studied with the aim of applying this information to the separation of chymotrypsin from a crude filtrate of bovine pancreas homogenate. The optimal pH of the complex precipitation was 4.60 for ChTRP–Eudragit^® L100 and 5.40 for ChTRP–Eudragit^® S100. The polyelectrolyte concentration necessary for the commercial enzyme precipitation was lower than 0.1% (w/v). The complex formation was inhibited by NaCl for both polyelectrolytes. The method was applied to recover the enzyme from bovine homogenate; ChTRP was precipitated by Eudragit^® addition. The non-soluble complexes were separated by simple centrifugation and re-dissolved by a pH change to 8.20. The best conditions to recover ChTRP brought about a purification factor of around 4 and 90% yield.     

S100A8、S100A9在幽门螺杆菌相关胃癌 发生发展中的作用研究进展

S100家族是由20余个结构相似但功能各异的成员组成。该家族成员广泛参与感染、促炎、自身免疫等各种病理过程。近年来,越来越多学者发现S100家族成员在肿瘤的发展过程中也有不同程度的表达失调,且具有特异性。胃癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一,国家癌症中心统计数据表明,2015年我国胃癌新发病率为679/10万,死亡率为498/10万[1],位居所有恶性肿瘤第2位。幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)作为胃癌的Ⅰ类危险因子,目前其与胃癌的密切关系也得到了广大学者的认可。研究发现,S100家族成员——S100A8、S100A9在H.pylori感染相关胃炎、胃癌患者病理组织中表达显著上调,因此其在胃癌发生发展中的作用受到了学者的关注。本文主要就S100A8、S100A9在H.pylori相关胃癌发生发展中的作用作一综述。     

S100A4在胰腺癌中的研究进展

胰腺癌最重要的生物学特性是容易发生转移和侵袭,致使很多患者无法得到根治性治疗。外科手术是胰腺癌惟一可能治愈的手段,但仅有10-20%的患者有机会手术治疗。错过早期诊断、常规疗法普遍不明显及快速肿瘤扩散共同导致患者的预后不良。胰腺癌的发生、发展受多基因调控。S100A4基因是近几年发现的一种具有促肿瘤作用的基因,目前研究认为该蛋白在胰腺癌的侵袭和转移中起重要作用.本文主要就S100A4与胰腺癌的有关研究进展加以综述。     

鼻咽癌细胞中S100A8与S100A9基因的克隆及其质粒构建和表达

我们发现S100A8和S100A9蛋白质不仅在鼻咽癌患者血浆中水平高于健康人,而且在鼻咽癌组织及培养细胞中也存在高表达。本研究的目的是在鼻咽癌细胞中克隆S100A8和S100A9基因并构建表达质粒和在鼻咽癌细胞中表达,为内源性S100A8和S100A9蛋白质与鼻咽癌发生发展的关系研究奠定基础。PCR扩增目的基因S100A8和S100A9片段,将其插入载体p Bud CE4.1构建S100A8-S100A9-p Bud CE4.1表达质粒,经双酶切、PCR及测序鉴定后转染至人鼻咽癌细胞系(CNE1)进行表达并用Real time-PCR及Western Blot进行检测。PCR、双酶切和测序结果显示,S100A8和S100A9氨基酸序列无变异(S100A8有1个碱基突变),表达质粒S100A8-S100A9-p Bud CE4.1构建正确。Real Time-PCR和Western Blot结果显示,S100A8和S100A9基因在CNE1中正确转录与表达。成功克隆S100A8和S100A9基因并构建S100A8-S100A9-p Bud CE4.1表达质粒且可在鼻咽癌细胞中稳定表达。     

S100A9在肿瘤方面的研究进展

S100A9是钙结合蛋白8100蛋白家族中重要的成员之一,其参与炎症反应、调节细胞生长分化、生长抑制、诱导细胞凋亡等,近年来研究发现S100A9时肿瘤的生长、增殖及侵袭有着重要作用,可能会成为肿瘤诊治的新靶点.基于上述思路,本文拟对S100A9与肿瘤的关系进行简要综述.     

人类S100A8/A9基因的转录调控

S100蛋白以其在中性条件下能溶解于100%饱和硫酸铵中而得名,是一个酸性的钙离子结合蛋白家族。S100A8和S100A9均为S100蛋白家族成员。S100A8/A9形成的异源二聚体蛋白即钙卫蛋白,在抗感染、抗肿瘤等过程中发挥了重要的功能。S100A8/A9基因启动子受许多转录因子如C/EBPα、C/EBPβ等的调控。炎性因子如白细胞介素、干扰素γ、肿瘤坏死因子α、脂多糖等可以上调S100A8/A9基因的表达,众多的细胞信号通路也参与了S100A8/A9基因的表达调控。表观遗传因素在S100A8/A9基因的表达过程中也发挥了重要的调控作用。本文概述了人类S100A8/A9基因的转录调控进展,对该领域的研究趋势进行了展望。     

S100A8和S100A9通过Wnt/β-catenin通路影响鼻咽癌细胞生物行为的研究

为探讨S100A8和S100A9对鼻咽癌细胞系CNE2的影响及是否通过Wnt/β-catenin通路而发挥作用,以培养基添加1μg/m L S100A8/S100A9培养CNE2为实验组,采用划痕、黏附和平板克隆实验分别检测S100A8/S100A9对CNE2细胞的生物学行为影响,同时运用Western blotting检测CNE2细胞中β-catenin蛋白的累积。实验结果显示,S100A8/S100A9起促进CNE2细胞迁移(p0.05,p0.01)、基质黏附(p0.01)和平板克隆(p0.01)的作用,且添加S100A8/S100A9蛋白后1 h,CNE2细胞中β-catenin的累积明显上调。以上结果显示S100A8/S100A9可促进鼻咽癌细胞CNE2侵袭和迁移及细胞干性增强等生物学行为,其机制可能有Wnt/β-catenin通路的参与。     

血清S100A2联合S100A11预测AECOPD患者发生呼吸机相关性肺炎的价值及与预后的关系

目的：探讨血清S100钙结合蛋白A2(S100A2)联合S100A11预测慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重（AECOPD）患者发生呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）的价值及与预后的关系。方法：选取2021年1月～2022年1月南京中医药大学泰州附属医院收治的175例AECOPD患者,根据VAP发生情况将患者分为非VAP组和VAP组,根据28d生存状态将AECOPD并发VAP患者分为死亡组和存活组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清S100A2、S100A11水平。通过多因素Logistic回归分析AECOPD患者发生VAP的影响因素,受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清S100A2联合S100A11预测AECOPD患者发生VAP的价值和预测AECOPD并发VAP患者死亡的价值。结果：175例AECOPD患者VAP发生率为41.14%。VAP组血清S100A2、S100A11水平高于非VAP组（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,COPD病程延长、临床肺部感染评分（CPIS）增加、机械通气时间>4 d、入院后再次插管和S100A2、S100A11升高为AECOPD患者发生VAP的独立...     

Laparoscopic Hepatectomy for Hepatic Colorectal Metastases – A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Analysis and Literature Review

Background

Laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) for management of hepatic colorectal metastases (HCRM) is commonly being performed; however, there are limited reports comparing LH outcomes with those of open hepatectomy (OH) procedure. The aim of the present study was to compare perioperative outcomes between the LH and OH procedures performed at a single medical center.

Methods

From Jan 2008 to May 2012, 30 patients with pathologically confirmed HCRM underwent LH, and 140 patients underwent OH at our hospital. Patients'' demographics, perioperative outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.

Results

2 patients (6.7%) in the LH group underwent laparotomies for intraoperative hemorrhage. The LH group had an increased surgical duration (235 min vs. 365 min, (P<0.001), shorter hospital stay (7.5 days vs. 11.5 days, P<0.001), and fewer complications (26.2% vs. 55%, P<0.001) than the OH group. However, in a matched cohort comparison of 30 LH cases and 30 OH cases, no significant variations were observed in the following parameters: surgical duration (235 min vs. 255 min, P = 0.23), positive margin rates (6.7% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.27), or postoperative hematological changes. LH patients had less estimated blood loss (215 ml vs. 385 ml, P<0.001), less morbidity (26.2% vs. 50%, P = 0.02), shorter hospital stay (7.5 days vs. 11.5 days, P<0.001), and lower analgesic requests than with those in the OH group.

Conclusions

LH for metastatic colorectal cancer is a safe and feasible treatment, even in patients who underwent prior laparotomy surgeries and provides significantly less morbidity and shorter hospital stay than OH, without compromising curability or increasing morbidity.     

S100A4与肿瘤细胞增殖及凋亡的研究进展

转移相关蛋白S100A4属于S100钙离子结合蛋白超家族,有着共同的EF手型功能区来介导其活性。S100A4在众多肿瘤生物学行为中起着调节作用。而且,S100A4在不同类型的肿瘤患者扮演着判断预后的角色。目前研究认为其与肿瘤细胞运动、增殖、刺激血管生成及基质重建有关系。本文就S100A4生物学特性及其对肿瘤细胞增殖、凋亡中的作用和可能机制作一综述。     

S100A11的表达及其与胃癌的关系

目的:探讨S100A11在胃癌和正常胃粘膜组织中的表达及意义.方法:采用RT-PCR和Western Blot技术检测21对配对胃癌组织和正常胃粘膜组织中S100A11的表达情况.结果:胃癌组织S100A11 mRNA的表达量(1.26±0.03)高于正常胃癌粘膜组织中的表达量(0.75±0.04),两组比较差异有统计学意义(p＜0.05).S100A11蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达量(0.94±0.05)明显高于在正常胃粘膜组织中的表达量(0.39±0.05),两组比较差异有统计学意义(p＜0.05).结论:S100A11在胃癌组织中的表达量明显高于正常组织,提示其与胃癌的发生和发展有关.     

S100A4蛋白与肿瘤血管生成的研究进展

肿瘤血管生成是指肿瘤细胞诱导的微血管生长以及肿瘤中血液循环建立的过程。重要脏器的转移是恶性肿瘤致死的主要原因,而肿瘤生长、转移和复发都依赖于肿瘤血管生成.S100A4基因是近几年发现的一种具有促肿瘤作用的基因,该基因编码一种钙离子结合调节蛋白,通过与钙离子结合在肿瘤发生和发展中起重要作用。目前研究认为该蛋白在肿瘤的侵袭和转移中有促血管生成作用.本文主要就S100A4与肿瘤血管生成的有关研究进展加以综述。     

S100A4基因在结肠癌中的表达及意义

目的：通过检测S100A4基因在结肠癌细胞系及结肠癌组织中的表达,探讨其与结肠癌的关系。方法：运用RT-PCR法检测不同结肠癌细胞系中S100A4基因的表达情况;通过原位杂交和免疫组化方法检测61例结肠癌标本中S100A4基因的表达。结果：结肠癌细胞系Lovo及HT29均有S100A4基因表达。S100A4蛋白和RNA在结肠癌中表达率分别为36．1％和34.4％,而在正常结肠组织中不表达（p〈0．05）。临床分期晚比临床分期早的患者S100A4表达明显增高（p〈0.05）;有淋巴结转移的患者比无淋巴结转移的患者S100A4表达明显增高（p〈0．05）。此外,S100A4表达还与肿瘤大小,病理学分级,肉眼分型等相关。结论：结肠癌中S100A4基因表达增高,而且与肿瘤的侵袭及转移密切相关,是判断结肠癌生物学行为及预后的有价值的指标。     

S100A4与肿瘤细胞增殖及凋亡的研究进展

转移相关蛋白S100A4属于S100钙离子结合蛋白超家族,有着共同的EF手型功能区来介导其活性。S100A4在众多肿瘤生物学行为中起着调节作用。而且,S100A4在不同类型的肿瘤患者扮演着判断预后的角色。目前研究认为其与肿瘤细胞运动、增殖、刺激血管生成及基质重建有关系。本文就S100A4生物学特性及其对肿瘤细胞增殖、凋亡中的作用和可能机制作一综述。     

S100A4基因表达在肿瘤转移中的作用

肿瘤转移是细胞恶性的重要标志之一,有许多基因和因子都参与这一过程。对S100A4基因的研究发现,它可参与细胞周期调控、细胞增殖与分化、血管生成、细胞外基质重建等多种生命过程,调控细胞的生长和运动。在某些特定的肿瘤细胞内,它的表达含量的增加可促进肿瘤细胞发生转移,并与癌症的发生具有某些相关性,可能对人类癌症的发生具有预后作用。现就S100A4基因表达与肿瘤转移的关系进行初步的探讨,以期对癌症的临床诊断提供一些参考。     

S100、S100α和S100β蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及诊断意义

为了探讨Ｓ１００ 蛋白在乳腺癌表达的临床病理意义,采用Ｓ－Ｐ免疫组化法,检测了Ｓ１００ 和Ｓ１００α、Ｓ１００β和Ａｃｔｉｎ 在１１２ 例乳腺癌组织中的表达情况。发现Ｓ１００ 和Ｓ１００α在癌旁正常小叶和导管的肌上皮细胞中有明显表达, Ｓ１００β无表达。３ 种蛋白均可在癌细胞中表达, 表达的阳性率分别为８２．０６％ 、５７．９４％ 和６０．７４％ , Ｓ１００ 表达率明显高于Ｓ１００α和Ｓ１００β（Ｘ２＝ １４．１７, Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。Ａｃｔｉｎ 阳性率为２５．８９％ , 明显低于三种Ｓ１００ 蛋白（Ｘ２＝ ２９．８５, Ｐ＜ ０．０００１）。三种Ｓ１００蛋白的表达均与乳腺癌核分裂数、组织分级和淋巴结转移均无明显关系。研究显示乳腺癌Ｓ１００ 蛋白的表达不表明有肌上皮分化, Ｓ１００ 可作为乳腺癌的一种标志蛋白     

Dose–Risk and Duration–Risk Relationships between Aspirin and Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Published Cohort Studies

Background

In previous meta-analyses, aspirin use has been associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer. However, uncertainty remains on the exact dose–risk and duration–risk relationships.

Methods

We identified studies by searching several English and Chinese electronic databases and reviewing relevant articles. The dose-response meta-analysis was performed by linear trend regression and restricted cubic spline regression. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore possible heterogeneity among studies. Potential heterogeneity was calculated as Q statistic and I ² value. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and quantified by the Begg’s and Egger’s test.

Results

Twelve studies were included in this meta-analysis. An inverse association between aspirin use and colorectal cancer was observed in both the overall group (RR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.64–0.83 for aspirin dose; RR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.75–0.85 for frequency of aspirin use; RR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.68–0.81 for years of aspirin use) and subgroups stratified by sex and cancer site. The dose-response meta-analysis showed that there was a 20% statistically significant decreased risk of colorectal cancer for 325 mg aspirin per day increment, 18% decreased risk for 7 times aspirin per week increment and 18% decreased risk for 10 years aspirin increment.

Conclusion

Long-term (>5 years), low-dose (75–325 mg per day) and regular aspirin use (2–7 times per week) can effectively reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.