深圳福田白骨壤群落Cr,Ni,Mn的累积及分布

探讨了深圳福田自然保护区白骨壤红树林对Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｎ的吸收、累积及分布．结果表明,该林地土壤Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｎ含量从底层至表层逐步提高;表层（０～３０ｃｍ深）３种元素含量分别为７．９７、２５．０和５３７μｇ·ｇ－１,贮量分别为１０９９．８６、３４５０．００和７４１０６．００ｍｇ·ｍ－２．白骨壤植物各部位Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｎ含量范围分别为０．２８～０．７５、０．４３～７．６５和２５～１５５２μｇ·ｇ－１;植物对表层土壤加权平均富集系数为Ｍｎ＞Ｎｉ≈Ｃｒ．该群落Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｎ的现存累积量分别为６．０６、２０．７６和１６３１．１７ｍｇ·ｍ－２,年净存留累积量分别为０．４３、１．４３和１０７．９８ｍｇ·ｍ－２;林地残留物相应元素储量分别为Ｃｒ７８．００μｇ·ｍ－２、Ｎｉ１５３６．３３μｇ·ｍ－２和Ｍｎ４０５．５４ｍｇ·ｍ－２．该林区３种不同类型群落叶层Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ现存累积量为白骨壤林＞桐花树林＞秋茄林,Ｍｎ为秋茄林＞白骨壤林＞桐花树林．     

重金属对蚕豆的细胞遗传学毒理作用和对蚕豆根尖微核技术的探讨

Ｐｂ２＋ 、Ｃｄ２＋ 和Ｈｇ２＋ 显著地缩短蚕豆（Ｖｉｃｉａ ｆａｂａ Ｌ．）根尖细胞分裂的持续时间,延长细胞间期的时间间隔,在总体上延长了细胞分裂周期;除Ｈｇ２＋ 随浓度升高一直表现为对有丝分裂抑制外,在Ｐｂ２＋ 、Ｃｄ２＋ 和Ｚｎ２＋ 浓度分别小于１．０、０．０１、１０．０ ｐｐｍ 时,细胞有丝分裂指数随处理浓度升高而上升,当超出上述浓度时则随浓度升高而下降;微核率（ＭＣＮＦ）在Ｐｂ２＋ 、Ｃｄ２＋ 、Ｈｇ２＋ 和Ｚｎ２＋ 的浓度分别小于１．０、５．０、０．５０、１００．０ ｐｐｍ 时,染色体畸变率（ＣＡＦ）在Ｐｂ２＋ 、Ｃｄ２＋ 、Ｈｇ２＋ 和Ｚｎ２＋ 的浓度分别小于５．０、５．０、０．５０、１００．０ ｐｐｍ 时,这两参数随处理浓度的升高而增大;超过上述浓度后,则随处理浓度升高而下降。Ｍｎ２＋ 对各项参数无显著影响。对蚕豆根尖细胞遗传学毒性顺序为Ｈｇ２＋ ＞ Ｃｄ２＋ ＞ Ｐｂ２＋ ＞ Ｚｎ２＋ ＞ Ｍｎ２＋ 。经综合分析,３ 个参数在不同剂量范围下相关性程度有很大的差异。认为蚕豆根尖微核技术检测危险化学品和监测环境污染时取得可靠结果的条件是：受检物质在检测条件下不严重抑制细胞分裂和ＣＡＦ和ＭＣＮＦ呈正相关     

乌鲁木齐河源区高寒冰缘植物化学元素的含量特征

分析了乌鲁木齐河源区３５种冰缘植物１６个元素含量的特征,含量〉５０００μｇ／ｇ的元素为Ｃａ,在１０００￣５０００μｇ／ｇ之间的元素有Ｋ、Ｍｇ、Ｎａ、Ｆｅ,在１０￣２００μｇ／ｇ之间的元素有Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｓｒ、Ｃｒ、Ｐｂ,含量〈１０μｇ／ｇ的元素有Ｃｕ、Ａｇ、Ｃｏ、Ｌｉ、Ｃｄ、Ｎｉ。元素含量特点是Ｃａ〉Ｋ型。大多数冰缘植物的Ｆｅ、Ｓｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｒ、Ｃｄ的含量高于一般的自然含量,但Ｃｕ的含量低于陆生植物     

巴林脐橙叶片元素含量适宜指标研究

生物统计表明：采样地点及年份间的差异对巴林脐橙叶片元素含量有明显的影响;叶片微量元素含量的变异系数均显著高于大量元素。初步提出丰产巴林脐橙叶片元素含量的适宜指标：Ｎ２．８￣３．３,Ｐ０．１４￣０．１８,Ｋ１．４￣２．１,Ｃａ２．０￣４．０,Ｍｇ０．２５￣０．４５,Ｃｕ５￣１８,Ｚｎ２０￣５０,Ｍｎ２０￣１００,Ｆｅ５０￣１６０,Ｂ２５￣１００。上列指标可供营养诊断之参考。     

海南岛兴隆地区某些药用植物中的微量元素

本文研究海南兴隆地区１２种不同类型药用植物微量元素的生物吸收系数（Ａｘ）及其含量水平变化特性,结果表明不同科、属、种植物对同一元素的吸收量差异显著,以Ｍｇ＞Ａｌ＞Ｆｅ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｃｕ为序;同属不同品种植物在不同生境中对微量元素的生物吸收系数各有差别,海南槟榔（Ａｘ０．３０×１０－６、１２．５１×１０－６）＞泰国槟榔（Ａｘ０．２９×１０－６、１１．５９×１０－６＞云南槟榔（Ａｘ０．２７×１０－６、１１．５６×１０－６）,元素间吸收量相比以Ｍｏ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｃｕ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｎｉ为例;同种植物不同器官微量元素的吸收量也是不同的,例如巴戟天的含量以根（２１８．４８×１０－６＞叶（１１５．１９×１０－６）＞茎（１１３．０２×１０－６）。植物与土壤中元素含量消长变化关系密切,相比之下,植物中Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ含量均高于Ｃｕ、Ｐｈ、Ｎｉ。绞股蓝（１８９．２６）＞巴戟天（１６９．０４）＞益智（１６１．７０）＞槟榔（１５５．８８）。     

杨树落叶前后重金属元素内外迁移循环规律研究

供试元素在杨树各部位的含量和贮量为Ｚｎ＞Ｃｕ＞Ａｓ＞Ｐｂ＞Ｃｄ,并与环境中相应元素浓度呈正相关．落叶时元素的迁移主要发生在叶、枝、根和干之间,叶中８～４８％的Ａｓ、Ｚｎ迁移至主干的皮与材中,而Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ贮量均有增加,Ｚｎ、Ａｓ的内循环占总循环量的４０％,Ｃｄ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｕ表现为外循环,占总贮量的１７～２７％．同时分析了植物对土壤重金属污染的净化效率．     

南京栖霞山地区树木年轮元素的相关性及其组合类型

对南京栖霞山矿区黑松与马尾松３０３个年轮样品中８个元素含量进行统计相关及群分析,发现Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ在年轮中的富集及其相关性不受开采活动的影响,Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ的相关关系与露采或浅部坑采引起的地表塌陷有一定联系,Ｋ与Ｐ、Ｍｇ与Ｚｎ及Ｃａ与Ｍｎ是表征采矿地段的元素组合类型,ＫＰ、Ｍｇ与Ｍｎ则为矿区外围地段元素的组合类型。     

哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林凋落物和粗死木质物的初步研究

中山湿性常绿阔叶林是我国山地常绿阔叶林中一个重要而特殊的类型。云南哀牢山原生中生湿性常绿阔叶林的小凋落物量（叶、直径＜ ２．５ ｃｍ 枝、花果和杂物）为（６．７７±１．４３）ｔ／（ｈｍ ２·ａ）,大枯枝（直径≥２．５ ｃｍ ）凋落量为（０．４５±０．１８） ｔ／（ｈｍ ２·ａ）,凋落高峰发生在干季末期４～５ 月和初冬时１０～１１ 月。由倒木、枯立木和大枯枝等组成的粗死木质物在该类森林中的现存量达９８．４６ ｔ／ｈｍ ２,其中倒木占其总量的８５．８％ ,且它们在林内分布不均匀,增加了森林生态系统结构和生境的多样性。粗死木质物是森林中重要的养分库,其中的Ｃ、Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｍｎ、Ａｌ和Ｆｅ元素的总贮量达到４８６９９ ｔ／ｈｍ ２,每年通过凋落物方式积累于林地表的养分元素只占其总量的７．７７％     

含硫多肽类抗生素那西肽的菌种诱变及产量提高

那西肽（Ｎｏｓｉｈｅｐｔｉｄｅ）产生菌Ｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｍｙｃｅｓ ａｃｔｕｏｓｕｓ Ｚ１１,经ＮＴＧ处理和对Ｃｕ＾２＋,Ｍｎ＾２＋耐受选育,获得突变株Ｚ１５,其可耐受Ｃｕ＾２＋为３００μｇ／ｍｌ,耐Ｍｎ＾２＋１０００μｇ／ｍｌ,产生那西肽可达１５００μｇ／ｍｌ是Ｚ１１活力的１．６倍。     

缙云山常绿阔叶林四川大头茶果实中矿质营养元素含量及季节动态

本文测定了缙云山常绿阔叶林中四川大头茶果实中Ｎ,Ｐ,Ｋ,Ｃａ,Ｍｇ,Ｃｕ,Ｚｎ,Ｆｅ,Ｍｎ９种矿质营养元素的含量,研究了这些元素的季节吸收特点与繁殖分配,并探讨了这些元素与某些土壤化学因素之间的关系,结果表明：四川大头茶果实在生长期内矿质营养元素含量随季节而变化,各元素平均含量顺序为：Ｎ＞Ｋ＞Ｃａ＞Ｍｇ＞Ｐ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｆｅ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｃｕ。土壤中化学因子与四川大头茶果实中常量元素含量之间的关系密切,果实中Ｎ含量受土壤中Ｎ,Ｐ,Ｋ含量的综合影响,土壤有机质最终会影响到果实中Ｎ,Ｐ,Ｋ,Ｃａ的吸收,矿质元素的果实繁殖分配量与果实净生物生产量分配之间不存在特定的比例关系。果实元素分配所占比例的大小顺序为Ｐ＞Ｎ＞Ｋ＞Ｃａ＞Ｆｅ＞Ｍｇ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｃｕ。     

口唇部活体测量及生长发育研究

报告４３０８例幼儿至青少年期口唇部１１项指标活体测量的均数及性别差异。发现少年以前口部无显著性的性差,唇高等８项指标自１３岁开始,红唇高等３项开始,红唇高等３项指标在１８岁后开始出现明显性差。唇高等６项指标生长发育曲线随年龄增长上升平缓,无生长发育高峰。口裂宽等５项指标的曲线则随年龄增长上升较陡,有明显的发育高峰。     

POLLEN MORPHOLOGY AND THE RELATIONSHIPS OF CIRCAEASTER,OF KINGDONIA,AND OF SARGENTODOXA TO THE RANUNCULALES

The pollen of three monotypic genera, Circaeaster, Kingdonia, and Sargentodoxa has been examined by light and scanning electron microscopy and in the case of the last genus, also by transmission electron microscopy. The type of tectum found in Circaeaster and Kingdonia, derivations of a compound layer of striae, has a restricted distribution in the Order Ranunculales. Of 64 genera examined in this order only six had species with a similar tectum. They include Achlys, Epimedium, Jeffersonia, and Vancouveria of the Berberidaceae s.l., the controversial Hydrastis, and Trollius of the Ranunculaceae. Circaeaster and Kingdonia have been considered as related since both have rare and primitive vegetative characteristics, the most notable being open dichotomous leaf venation. They are probably best treated as a ditypic family, Circaeasteraceae. The pollen of Sargentodoxa, especially the structure of the exine, closely resembles that of the Lardizabalaceae. However, the fruits of Sargentodoxa have been considered to be distinct from those of the Lardizabalaceae, suggesting that it be treated as a separate, but closely allied, family.     

介形类的形态学及其环境、功能和分类学意义

化石介形类分类依据--壳体形态,包括壳体的大小、形状、装饰和诸如毛孔、叠覆、似犁状构造、喙、铰合构造等构造特征都与介形类的栖息环境,包括地理、气候(季节、纬度等)、水体的深度、化学性质和稳定程度,食物的富集程度和群落的组成及个体数量以及性别息息相关.因此,正确理解介形类的形态学特征及其功能学,不仅能揭示介形类的生活习性,推测化石介形类的生活环境,从而为古环境和古群落生态重建提供依据,而且可以提高化石介形类个体发育、系统分类和演化研究结果的可靠性.     

THE OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF ATROPINESTERASE,AND THE SPECIFICITY OF TROPINESTERASES

Atropinesterase was found to exist in approximately one out of every four rabbits, and no relation could be observed between the incidence of the enzyme and season, sex, color, age, or weight. The occurrence of the enzyme was also shown to be unrelated to that of cholinesterase. The distribution of atropinesterase in the blood and organs of rabbits was studied; the animals devoid of the enzyme in their blood contained no demonstrable activity in any of the organ extracts tested. The presence of atropinesterase in frog liver, and its absence from the serum, has been confirmed. Hydrolysis of homatropine, but not atropine, by guinea pig liver was observed, while the serum was without action on either of the compounds. On this basis the possibility arises that guinea pig liver contains a homatropinesterase enzyme separate from atropinesterase. It was shown that lack of atropinesterase activity in certain rabbits is not likely to be due to the presence of a naturally occurring inhibitor. It has been demonstrated that contrary to previous indications neither fresh egg white nor yolk possess atropinesterase activity. The specificity of tropinesterases was investigated and evidence was presented for the possible existence of two distinct enzymes, cocainesterase and tropacocainesterase.     

EFFECTS OF PHOTOPERIOD AND KIND OF SUPPLEMENTAL LIGHT ON GROWTH,FLOWERING, AND STEM FASCIATION OF CELOSIA

Piringer , A. A., and H. A. Borthwick . (U.S.D.A., Beltsville, Md.) Effects of photoperiod and kind of supplemental light on growth, flowering and stem fasciation of Celosia. Amer. Jour. Bot. 48(7): 588–592. Illus. 1961.—Four cultivars of Celosia argentea L. var. cristata were grown on photoperiods ranging from 8 hr to continuous light. Supplemental low-intensity incandescent light was used to extend 8 hr of natural light and provide the given photoperiod. In all cultivars, short main stems occurred on photoperiods of 12 or fewer hours and long main stems, due to more nodes, on photoperiods of 16 or more hours. Flowering was a nonobligate short-day response in all cultivars. Plants of certain cultivars tended to have shorter stems and flower later when 8 hr of fluorescent instead of incandescent light was used to provide the 16-hr photoperiod. In 3 of the cultivars studied, photoperiods of 16 or more hours induced marked stem fasciation.