陕西蟹蛛科蜘蛛三新种记述

本文记述陕西秦岭山区蟹蛛科Ｔｈｏｍｉｓｉｄａｅ蜘蛛三新种：高寒花蟹蛛,新种Ｘｙｓｔｉｃｕｓ ａｌｓｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,太白峭腹蛛,新种Ｔｍａｒｕｓ ｔａｉｂａｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,秦岭峭腹蛛,新种Ｔｍａｒｕｓ ｑｉｎｌｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,。     

中国微蛛三新种和一新纪录（蜘蛛目：皿蛛科）

本文记述采自长白山区皿蛛科微蛛亚科３新种和１新纪录种。新种包括：钩镰蛛Ｄｒｅｐａｎｏｔｙｌｕｓ ａｄｕｎｃｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，圆双突蛛Ｔｉｂｉｏｐｌｏｉｄｅｓ ｃｙｃｌｉｃｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和具结荫湿蛛Ｈｉｌａｉｒａ ｔｕｂｅｒｃｕｌｉｆｅｒａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本均保存于白求恩医科大学生物教研室。     

中国尖腹蛛属一新种记述：蜘蛛目：园蛛科

本文记述分布于我国陕西太白山的园蛛科Ａｒａｎｅｉｄａｅ尖腹蛛属Ａｃｕｌｅｐｅｒｉａ一新种,太白尖腹蛛Ａｃｕｌｅｐｅｒｉａｔａｉｂａｉｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,模式标本分别保存河北教育学院和西安师范学院。     

中国丘腹蛛属一新种记述（蜘蛛目：球蛛科）

本文报道我国海南省琼海县丘腹蛛属一新种，定名为驼背丘腹蛛Ｅｐｉｓｉｎｕｓ ｇｉｂｂｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．模式标本保存在河北教育学院。     

陕西蟹蛛科蜘蛛三新种记述──(蜘蛛目)

本文记述陕西秦岭山区蟹蛛科Ｔｈｏｎｄｓｉｄａｅ蜘蛛三新种：高寒花蟹蛛,新种Ｘｙｓｔｉｃｕｓａｌｓｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,太白峭腹蛛,新种Ｔｍａｒｕｓｔａｉｂａｉｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,秦岭峭腹蛛,新种Ｔｍａｒｕｓｑｉｎｌｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．．     

吉林省长白山区鞭突蛛属一新种（蜘蛛目：皿蛛科：微蛛亚科）

本文记述采自我国吉林省长白山区的鞭蛛属一新种,即腹斑鞭突蛛Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｎｃｕｓ ｍａｃｕｌａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．本文测量单位为ｍｍ,模式标本均保存在白求恩医科大学生物教研室。     

中国园蛛2雄蛛（蜘蛛目：园蛛科）

首次记述２种中国园蛛－类高居金蛛ＡｒｇｉｏｐｅａｅｈｅｒｏｉｄｅｓＹｉｎｅｔ．ａｌ．１９８９和双隆园蛛ＡｒａｎｅｕｓｐｒｏｍｉｎｅｎｓＹｉｎｅｔａｌ．１９８９的雄蛛。     

中国盾板蛛属一新种及一新纪录种：蜘蛛目：皿蛛科：微蛛亚科

本文记述我国皿蛛科微蛛亚种蜘蛛的一新纪录属盾板蛛属ＰｅｌｅｃｏｐｓｉｓＳｉｍｏｎ,１８６４,一新种黑突盾板蛛Ｐ．ｎｉｇｒｏｇｌｏｂａｓｐ．ｎｖｏ．,及一新纪录种平行盾板蛛Ｐ．ｐａｒａｌｌｅｌａ（Ｗｉｄｅｒ,１８３４）。     

中国隙蛛属七新种（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）

隙蛛属Ｃｏｅｌｏｔｅｓ隶属呈漏斗蛛科Ａｇｅｌｅｎｉｄａｅ．本文记述隙蛛属蜘蛛七新种：双轮隙Ｃ．ｓｙｚｙｇｉａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,月形隙蛛Ｃ．ｌｕｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,似阴暗隙蛛Ｃ．ｓｕｂｌｕｃｔｕｏｓｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,弯曲隙Ｃ．ｐａｌｉｎｉｔｒｏｐｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

我国艾蛛属4新种（蜘蛛目：园蛛科）

记述了我国艾蛛属４新种,名称为,柱艾蛛Ｃｙｃｌｏｓａｃｙｌｉｎｄｒａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ畸形艾蛛Ｃ．ｉｎｆｏｒｍｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．小艾蛛Ｃ．ｍｉｎｏｒｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,五突艾蛛Ｃ．ｐｅｎｔａｔｕｂｅｒｃｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。     

广西金钟山鸟类保护区鸟类多样性初步研究

本文共记录到金钟山鸟类274种,分别隶属于18目57科,其中陆生鸟类251种,水鸟23种;以留鸟为主,共157种;候鸟、旅鸟分别为104种、13种;东洋种为优势类群,共有171种,古北种和广布种分别为4种、27种。这些鸟类中有国家重点保护鸟类39种,中国特有种鸟类3种,列入世界自然保护联盟红皮书名录中的鸟类5种,列入中国濒危动物红皮书名录中的鸟类20种,列入CITES附录中的鸟类34种。本文还对金钟山鸟类保护区的5种不同生境类型的鸟类种类组成作了比较,结果表明灌丛＋农田的鸟种多样性指数最高,为3．04;水域的鸟种多样性指数最低,为2．14。     

新疆蝗总科区系研究

新疆现有蝗虫１５７种,它们分别隶属于８科６２属。在１５７种蝗虫中,古北种占绝对优势,有１２０种,其次为特有种,有３５种,广布种甚少,仅２种。在古北种中,中亚种最多,其次为泛古北种,而欧洲西伯利亚种、地中海种和东北种均很少。在８个科中,泛古北种在网翅蝗科中占优势,中亚种在班翅蝗科中占优势,斑腿蝗科在蝗总科中是相当大的一个科,在我国也占有很大优势,但在新疆其属种数量却很少。     

Wood, bark and stem anatomy of New World species of Gnetum

Quantitative and qualitative data are presented for 11 collections of six species. The wide range of character states for the species is presented in the form of a key to emphasize their potential systematic correlations. Distinctive among these are phcllem characteristics. Fibre-tracheids are newly reported for lianoid Gnetum species. Cells previously thought to be like companion cells in secondary phloem are shown to be uniseriate rays, counterparts to uniseriate xylem rays. Laticifers are abundant in most of the species, and are newly described for secondary tissues of Gnetum. Presence of tyloses in laticifers of two species is apparently a new report for vascular plants. Tori are present in two New World Gnetum species, adding to the report in African species. Perforation plates are simple except near or in primary xylem, where they are simple or foraminate. Torus presence and foraminate perforation plate presence are features more reminiscent of Ephedra and other gymnosperms than of angiosperms. The bark of Gnetum is also very similar to that of Ephedra.     

东北地区蒙古栎群落区系成分

根据吴征镒、王荷生区系分析方法, 分析了东北地区蒙古栎群落中２６１ 种维管植物的区系成分, 其中温带成分占４７－４７ ％ , 东亚成分占４２－０２ ％ , 中国特有成分占１０－５１ ％ （ 世界分布不统计在内） 。并分析了种所在属的分布区类型, 温带分布属占９０－３％ 。还分别分析了蒙古栎群落的乔木层、灌木层、草本层以及层间植物的区系成分。     

离体草鱼肠道对亮氨酸和酪氨酸的吸收与利用

采用同位素示踪和肠道离体灌流方法,研究了草鱼离体肠道对亮氨酸(Leu)、酪氨酸(Tyr)的吸收转运与利用。实验结果表明:当Leu浓度从1.0mmol/L增加到5.0mmol/L、10mmol/L时,肠道吸收转运的速度表现出“高浓度抑制”效应,运输到肠道外的比例为83%、66%和35%;合成肠道蛋白质的比例为2%、5%和13%;肠道组织内游离形式的比例为9%、28%和49%;其他形式的比例为6%、1%和3%。Tyr浓度从0.5mmol/L增加到1.5mmol/L、2.5mmol/L时,肠道对Tyr的吸收转运速度也随之增加,运输到肠道外的比例为52%、55%和55%;合成肠道蛋白质的比例为17%、15%和16%:肠道组织内游离形式的比例为7%、10%和16%;其他形式的比例为24%、20%和13%。肠道在吸收转运Leu和Tyr的同时,也利用它们合成蛋白质的和其他方面,Leu的吸收利用受灌流试验氨基酸浓度影响较大、而Tyr受影响较小;随着肠道内灌流的试验氨基酸浓度增加,吸收转运到肠道外的比例下降、留存于肠道内的比例增加,肠道合成的蛋白质绝对量也增加。       

浙江天台山七子花等6种阔叶树光合生态特性

 对分布在浙江天台山的七子花(Heptacodium miconioides)等6种主要阔叶树的光合生理生态特性进行了研究,结果表明：1)夏季6种植物光合日进程均为“双峰”型,有明显的光合“午休”现象。日均净光合速率月变化呈“单峰”型,8月是一年的高峰期。日均和5～11月平均净光合速率最高的是东南石栎(Lithocarpus harlandii),最低的是天台阔叶槭(Acer amplum var. tientaiense）,七子花处于中下水平。2)相对常绿树种而言,七子花的光补偿点较高,光饱和点较低,对光     

浙江磐安种子植物区系的特征分析

磐安约有野生种子植物 1 44科 ,62 7属 ,1 2 98种 (包括种以下分类单位 )。其中世界成分的属 67个 ,占总属数的 1 0 .69% ,热带属 2 2 7个 ,占 36.2 0 % ,温带属 32 1个 ,占 5 1 .2 0 % ,中国特有属 1 2个 ,占 1 .91 %。磐安气候温暖湿润 ,植物种类丰富 ,古老、孑遗、珍稀植物多 ,单种属和少种属占有较大比重 ;优势科、优势属明显 ,优势科 34个 ,共含有 393属 ,776种 ,分别占总属数总种属的 62 .7% ,70 .3% ,优势属 1 0个 ,共含有 1 44种 ,分别占总属数总种数的 1 .6% ,1 1 .1 % ,其中樟科、壳斗科等是该区系的表征科 ;植物分布类型多样 ,地理成分复杂 ,温带成分和热带成分占优势 ,是亚热带分布的北缘 ,与世界各地有广泛的联系     

Endemism in the Flora of China—Studies on the Endemic Genera

China, under highly varied ecological conditions resulted from wide latitudinal and altitudinal ranges and from the adequate precipitation, has developed a very rich flora of great diversity. As far as flowering plants are concerned, there are 2980 genera, 214 of which, belonging to 64 families, are endemic. Among these endemic genera, there are 9 genera of taxads and conifers, 19 genera of monocots and others of dicots. Of the approximately 129 herbaceous endemic genera in the Chinese flora as a whole, about 22 (17%) are annual and 107 (83%) are biennial or perennial. In the present paper the ecological distribution, the nature of endemic genera and the centers of endemism are discussed. 1. Three types of endemic genera are distinguished, neoendemics, palaeoendemics and active epibiotics, The endemic genera in the flora of China are, for the most part, considered to be very old ones, and most of them are of temperate nature. 2. the degree of endemism in our 22 floristic regions is shown in Figure 1. The areas richest in endemic genera in the Chinese flora as a whole are the 13, 16 and 17 regions. The poorest are the 2, 4, 9 and 10 regions, and no one in the 1 and 3 regions These results on floristic richness are of general applicability. As shown in table 1, the difference in the degree of endemism among the seven Chinese floristic subkingdoms are most pronounced. 101 endemic genera are known to occur in one subkingdom, 72 to occur in two subkingdoms, and 3 to occur in four subkingdoms, only one genus widely distributed in five subkingdoms. However, there is no genus occurring in seven subkingdoms. The difference in the degree of endemism in each subkingdom reveals that the distribution of endemic genera is not well-distributed in the Chinese flora as a whole. Analysis of the vertical distribution of the 200 endemic genera of the Chinese flora bears out that there is no evident increase in endemism as a whole with altitude. 3. Three centers of endemism are found (Fig. 2). These are as follows: a). Eastern Sichuan-western Hubei center. b). Southeastern Yunnan-western Guangxi center. c). Western Sichuan-northwestern Yunnan center. The degree of endemism andcharacters of endemic genera in each center are discussed.     

Compatibility and the genesis of residual stress by volumetric growth

The equations of compatibility which are pertinant for growth strain fields are collected and examples are given in simply-connected and multiply-connected regions. Compatibility conditions for infinitesimal strains are well known and the possibilities of Volterra dislocations in multiply-connected regions are enumerated. For finite growth strains in a multiply-connected regions, each case must be examined individually and no generalizations in terms of Volterra dislocations are available. Any incompatible growth strains give rise to residual stresses which are known to occur in many tissues such as the heart, arterial wall, and solid tumors.     

中国罗汉松属叶角质层微形态结构及其分类意义

利用扫描电镜对罗汉松属8种2变种植物叶角质层内外表面进行了细致观察。发现罗汉松属植物叶角质层结构具有许多相似特征,表皮细胞较为规则,长方形或多边形,边缘波状弯曲;气孔器排列成带状,长轴均与叶脉一致,气孔器具较为明显的气孔塞和伏罗林环,气孔器保卫细胞极延伸明显,通常具有2~4个副卫细胞、不具极副卫细胞。但罗汉松属叶角质层结构也具有明显的种间差异,镰叶罗汉松和洛杉矶罗汉松同其它种类差异最大,这两种植物叶两面均具气孔器,角质层内表面垂周壁直,角质层凸缘不明显;贺氏罗汉松最为显著的特征是近轴面和远轴面表皮细胞的垂周壁角质层厚且凸缘均极其发达;小叶罗汉松近轴面表皮细胞排列较为规则,多数为方形,长轴与叶脉垂直,垂周壁之间的角质层突起较为显著,延伸到皮下层;兰屿罗汉松近轴面表皮细胞排列较不规则,多边形,细胞的角端比较钝,没有棱角;大理罗汉松气孔带间隔较小,有时两条气孔带挤在一起,使副卫细胞紧连,近轴面表皮细胞较短,方形或长方形,垂周壁之间的角质层较不发达;海南罗汉松角质层气孔带间隔较宽,气孔器形状为阔椭圆形,近轴面表皮细胞均为细长方形;变种短叶罗汉松和狭叶罗汉松与罗汉松也具有明显差异,短叶罗汉松近轴面表皮细胞排列不规则,垂周壁深波状弯曲,凸缘极为明显,但原种罗汉松近轴面表皮细胞排列较为规则,垂周壁浅波状弯曲,凸缘不明显,而狭叶罗汉松近轴面表皮细胞方形或长方形,比罗汉松的表皮细胞短,垂周壁直或略弯曲,角质层极厚。这些角质层微形态特征差异可以作为罗汉松属内种类分类鉴定的依据。