厦门城市园林绿化主要棕榈科植物病虫害调查研究

本文对厦门城市绿化主要栽培的棕榈科植物病虫害种类进行系统调查,共计44种病害,17种虫害,为厦门园林棕榈科植物病虫害的防治和深入研究提供了重要依据.     

厦门地区加拿利海枣红棕象甲防治初报

红棕象甲(Rhynchophorus ferrugineus)是对棕榈科植物危害较大的外来入侵害虫,文章介绍该虫的为害症状、形态特征、生活习性以及厦门地区加拿利海枣的受害情况,并提出防治措施。     

棕榈科植物的开发利用及保护

棕榈科植物全世界有198属,约2600种,主要分布于热带和亚热带地区.是热带生态系统中的特殊组成部分.现已广泛应用于园林绿化.笔者根据近年来国内外对棕榈科植物的开发、利用分析,提出在开发的同时应加强对棕榈科植物的保护.     

运用BIB-LCJ审美评判法评价棕榈科植物景观

棕榈科植物在园林上的应用已形成多种类型的植物景观。本文运用BIB-LCJ审美评判法评价七种类型的棕榈科植物景观,研究公众对各种棕榈科植物景观的审美趋向,从而讨论如何配置棕榈科植物来营造符合公众审美的植物景观。     

常见棕榈科植物在园林绿化中的应用

棕榈科植物形状优美,在园林绿化中应用广泛,可以作为道路、公园的风景树,也可用于庭院、厂区的绿化,又能盆栽观赏。本文对进一步开展棕榈科植物应用途径的研究作了探讨。     

常见棕榈科植物在园林绿化中的应用

棕榈科植物形状优美,在园林绿化中应用广泛,可以作为道路、公园的风景树,也可用于庭院、厂区的绿化,又能盆栽观赏。本文对进一步开展棕榈科植物应用途径的研究作了探讨。     

棕榈科花粉萌发孔的演化趋向与其化石花粉

棕榈科花粉萌发孔的演化趋向与其化石花粉刘炳仑棕榈科（Ｐａｌｍａｅ）属单子叶植物,共约２１７属,２５００余种,分布于热带和亚热带地区;我国约２２属,７２种,主产云南、广西、广东和台湾;温带地区很少见。因而,一般都把它视为热带、亚热带气候的指示植物。在棕...     

褐纹甘蔗象在中国的适生区分析

褐纹甘蔗象Rhabdosceluslineaticollis (Heller)是棕榈科植物和甘蔗的重要害虫。利用CLIMEX气候模型 ,对该虫在我国的适生区进行了分析和预测。结果显示 ,海南省、广东省、广西壮族自治区、福建省、浙江省和云南省南部地区是褐纹甘蔗象在我国大陆的适生区。这些区域正是我国棕榈科植物和甘蔗的主要生产区 ,超前预防该虫入侵是非常必要的。     

花境在厦门园林中的应用

简要介绍花境的形式和作用,通过对厦门地区调查分析,总结花境在厦门园林中的应用发展水平,并对如何改善花境植物品种、类型较为单调的问题提出可行性建议。     

厦门地区冬季观果与观花植物及其园林应用分析

通过实地调查,对厦门地区冬季观果和观花园林植物进行统计,分析其生活型、观赏特征、色彩和应用频度。结果表明,厦门冬季具有观赏价值的观果植物有20科22属25种(含种下等级),观花植物有33科51属63种(含种下等级)。厦门冬季观果植物以常绿乔木、灌木为主,果色以红色系为主,高应用频率的观果植物优势不明显;观花植物以乔木为主,花色以红色系、黄色系为主,高应用频率的观花植物优势明显,开花呈衬式花相的种类占多数。厦门冬季观果与观花植物资源较为丰富,但冬季表现较好的观果种类较少,而一些表现较好的植物未普遍应用,植物景观营造不合理,针对此问题提出改善厦门冬季植物配置的建议。     

Comparison of seedling recruitment under arborescent palms in two Neotropical forests

Certain overlying strata in forests may disproportionately reduce seedling density and species richness. For eight arborescent palm species, we quantified the relative restriction of seedling recruitment under individual palms versus non-palm sites and extended to the landscape scale by quantifying the total area covered by arborescent palms at Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama and La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. We also examined whether differences among palm species in restricting seedling recruitment were associated with differences in crown architecture, litter depth, and light availability. Woody seedlings had lower mean density/m² and mean number of species/m² under individual palms than at non-palm sites for all four palm species at BCI, but for none at La Selva. Estimated species richness for woody seedlings, derived via rarefaction, was lower under palm than non-palm microsites at both BCI and La Selva, but not for non-woody seedlings. Differences in seedling density corresponded to some key architectural characters that differed among the palm species. Light availability was lower under palm than non-palm microsites at both BCI and La Selva, but only estimated species richness of woody seedlings at BCI was strongly correlated with % canopy openness. The coverage of arborescent palms was much lower at BCI than La Selva. Therefore, at BCI, the relative restriction of woody seedling recruitment under individual palms does not accumulate greatly at the landscape scale. At La Selva, for woody seedlings, only estimated species richness was relatively limited under palms, and non-woody seedlings had relatively lower mean density/m² and mean number of species/m² under only one palm species. Therefore, the relative restriction of seedling recruitment by arborescent palms at La Selva is limited at both individual and landscape scales.     

厦门市绿化树种规划可持续发展原则探讨

本文根据厦门市自然地理概况和目前城市绿化树种应用的实际情况,运用可持续发展原则,探讨使厦门市绿化树种规划更适应城市园林绿化建设发展所需的条件和对策。     

一种新的棕榈科贝叶棕亚科的属的检索方法

通过常规方法,即以花、果、种子来鉴定棕榈科,因单朵花的花期很短以及很多果实发育成熟期较长而受到一定限制。尤其是在鉴定棕榈科贝叶棕亚科时因某些种类需数十年才开花或是一次性开花结实而遇到了很大障碍。有时,在引种地点无法获得花、果或种子。由于棕榈植物具有重要经济观赏价值,且其引种迅猛发展,故有必要尽早地鉴定它们。通过茎和叶,可对棕榈科贝叶棕亚科进行鉴定,本文列出了属的检索表。     

福建厦门城市绿地主要落叶植物及其园林应用

在对厦门市区主要道路、公园、街头绿地、住宅小区等绿地落叶植物的种类、配置方式、景观特征等调查分析的基础上,总结了厦门城市园林绿地中落叶植物的基本特色,并提出改进应用建议,为今后城市绿地更好地利用落叶植物提供借鉴与参考。     

我国的野生棕榈科园林观赏植物资源

我国原产棕榈科植物约有 18属 10 0种 ,可用于园林绿化及观赏的有 12属 4 4种 ,可作行道树、园景树、庭园树、室内观赏树和海滨、沙滩绿化树。虽然资源不太丰富、分布范围较为狭窄 ,但观赏价值较高 ,许多为国家重点保护植物。本文还重点介绍了部分种类 ,并对开发利用提出了建议     

Dwarf palms and cyclanths strongly reduce Neotropical seedling recruitment

Recruitment limitation, which occurs when species either fail to reach regeneration sites or the number of suitable regeneration sites is limited, has been proposed as an important factor that controls population dynamics and species coexistence in tropical moist forests. Dwarf palms in some Neotropical forests dominate the understory strata, and their umbrella-like architecture may intensify understory shade and make the site less suitable for seedling regeneration. In this study we surveyed seedlings under dwarf palms in four habitats at La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. We compared seedling recruitment in both 2001 and 2002 at non-palm microsites vs microsites under 1) tall dwarf palms, 2) short dwarf palms, and 3) short palms surrounded by dwarf palms. Light environments at non-palm and under-palm sites were quantified with hemispherical photos. Seedling growth, survivorship, density, and species richness all differed significantly among microsites, and were all greatest at non-palm sites and lowest at dense palm sites. Overall, seedling growth, survivorship, density, and species richness were 30%, 50%, 50%, and 40%, respectively, less at under-palm than at non-palm sites. The main restriction by dwarf palms occurred on post-cotyledonous and woody seedlings. Percent canopy openness differed among microsites, and was greatest at non-palm sites and lowest at dense palm sites. However, seedling responses were only weakly correlated with percent canopy openness. These results revealed significant reduction in seedling recruitment under individual dwarf palms, with greatest negative effects where a palm was surrounded by palms. Dwarf palms occur at high density (2611 individuals/ha) and cover 21% of the understory in the four habitats (alluvium, residual flat area, residual slope area, swamp) of the primary forest. Therefore, this negative impact by individual dwarf palms is significant at the landscape scale as well, based on the great dwarf palm density and coverage in the four habitats.     

厦门地区观赏地被植物资源及其园林应用

较全面地报道厦门地区观赏地被植物62科129属166种(包括变种或品种),并探讨其在园林绿化中的应用。     

基于层次分析法的厦门环岛路区域植物景观彩化提升评价

运用层次分析法,从生态价值、景观价值、主观感知、经济适用性和功能性5个方面出发,采用物种丰富度、植被类型多样性、植物单体观赏特性、平面构图、色彩构成、意境美、文化内涵、植物健康度等22个指标构建厦门-环岛路区域金砖会议期间植物景观彩化提升评价模型。使用评价标准对77个景观单元进行评价分级,其中,16个Ⅰ级景观单元可作为今后景观提升的参考。最后,综合此次评价结果对厦门市植物景观彩化提升项目提出几点改良建议。     

厦门市重点保护植物空间优先保护格局研究

生物多样性保护对维持城市生态系统功能具有重要意义。以39种厦门市重点保护植物为对象,通过物种分布模型MaxENT获得物种潜在分布栅格图,利用空间保护优先化定量工具Zonation软件识别理论上既适宜重点保护植物生存又能够保证景观连通性的区域,获得本地重点保护植物景观保护等级。根据2020年全球生物多样性目标,将景观保护等级最高的17%区域视为多物种空间优先保护区,结合Zonation模型生成的随景观丧失物种加权灭绝风险曲线,将保护等级最高的8%区域划为一级保护区,保护等级在8%-17%范围内的区域划为二级保护区。利用MaxENT模型中的jackknife刀切法发现海拔是对本地重点保护植物分布影响最大的环境因子,优先保护区集中分布于海拔较低的海岸带区域。将优先保护区与自然保护地建设现状、厦门市生态功能区规划、土地利用规划、城市总体规划对比发现厦门市岛外西部、北部的优先保护区得到了较好保护;岛外的西南部及东南部、岛内的东部及南部海岸带的优先保护区被建设用地大规模占用,已纳入自然保护地范围的区域较少,存在大量的海岸带优先保护区保护空缺;岛外东南部的部分优先保护区虽未被占用,但规划中属发展备用地,缺乏生态保护。为避免优先保护区面积的进一步萎缩,应重点关注海岸带区域优先保护区的生态保护,将目前属于发展备用地的优先保护区转划为生态留白空间,针对一级、二级优先保护区分别实施刚性和弹性的生态保育措施,在保护生物多样性的同时,严控对海岸带区域优先保护区的进一步开发利用,协调优先保护区内保护与开发利用间的关系。