大鼠杏仁核簇与痛觉调制的关系

目的：研究伤害性刺激对大鼠杏仁核簇中各亚核痛反应神经元电活动的影响。方法：用串电脉冲刺激坐骨神经作为伤害性刺激,用玻璃微电极引导神经元放电。结果：杏仁核簇中多个亚核均存在痛反应神经元。伤害性刺激使痛兴奋神经元(PEN)诱发放电频率增加;使痛抑制神经元(PIN)诱发放电频率降低,并出现放电频率极低现象;两类神经元电活动相互配合。腹腔注射吗啡(10mg／kg)可以对抗伤害性刺激对痛反应神经元的作用。结论：杏仁核簇中的部分亚核在感受、整合和传递痛觉信息方面起一定作用,是中枢神经系统控制和处理痛觉信息的一个组成部分。     

Willis环状脑动脉瘤生物数学模型的渐近解

一、引言 G. Austin在1971年制作了模拟脑动脉瘤的物理装置实验,用一个模拟电路来描述动脉瘤内血液的流动状态,得出了一个数学模型。文[2]对文[1]的模拟电路再进行分析,归结出较文[1]完善的数学模型,是下列具阻尼项及外激励的三次非线性的Duffing方程     

发射式植入刺激器的研制及其在截瘫狗排尿功能障碍时的应用

介绍一种体外发射式植入刺激器的结构和电路原理。该机不但体积较小,耗电少,且可选择较强刺激电压,其植入部分的生物相容性较好,并初步观察了用此刺激器刺激骶神经以恢复截瘫狗排尿功能的情况。     

在微型计算机的显示器上实现生理信息记忆示波

记忆示波是电生理实验中较理想的波形采集、信息存储方式。目前国内已有由硬件电路组成的记忆示波器,其电路结构较复杂,价格也较贵。用单板机控制普通示波器完成波形的记忆也有研究报导,但这种方式无法对波形进行测量,使用也欠方便。微型计算机价格的不断下降使得许多电生理实验室都有能力拥有微型计算机,该机一般带有12时显示器     

发射式植入刺激器的研制及其在截瘫猗排尿功能障碍时的…

介绍一种体外发射式植入刺激器的结构和电路原理。该机不但体积较小,耗电少,且可选择较强刺激电压,其植入部分的生物相容性较好,并初步观察了用此刺激器刺激骶神经以恢复截瘫狗排尿功能的情况。     

痛敏穴刺血加艾灸疗法治疗类风湿关节炎临床疗效研究

摘要 目的：观察痛敏穴刺血加艾灸疗法治疗类风湿关节炎（RA）患者的临床疗效。方法：选取2019年1月~2022年1月44例类风湿关节炎患者随机分为2组,每组22例。对照组予以来氟米特片和塞来昔布胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用痛敏穴刺血加艾灸疗法。两组患者治疗前后采用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）和疾病活动评分（DAS-28）进行评估,并检测类风湿因子(RF)、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、血沉(ESR)、类风湿因子（RF）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、D二聚体水平。结果：两组治疗后VAS评分降低（P<0.05）,而研究组较对照组低（P<0.05）。两组治疗后DAS-28评分降低（P<0.05）,而研究组较对照组低（P<0.05）。两组治疗后RF、hs-CRP、FIB、D二聚体水平均明显下降（P<0.05）,而研究组均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组总有效率（100.00 %）明显高于对照组（72.73 %）（P<0.05）。结论：痛敏穴刺血加艾灸能够提高RA患者的临床疗效,且能够提高机体的抗炎效应。     

吗啡皮下自控镇痛泵治疗难治性癌痛的前瞻性多中心随机对照研究

摘要 目的：观察吗啡皮下自控镇痛泵治疗难治性癌痛的临床疗效。方法：采用前瞻性多中心随机对照研究,应用治疗方法分为试验组和对照组,其中试验组使用皮下自控阵痛泵给药,对照组口服吗啡片剂,5 d为一疗程,共计观察3疗程。观察两组患者治疗后疼痛积分改善情况;每疗程吗啡日均用量;疼痛起效时间、最佳缓解时间;镇痛维持时间及剂量稳定天数、爆发痛情况;生活质量改善及不良反应发生率;疗程费用情况。结果：两组患者数字疼痛评分法(numerical rating scale,NRS)评分在治疗后均较镇痛前显著降低（P＜0.05）;在吗啡用量比较方面,试验组吗啡用量显著低于对照组同期用量;试验组在疼痛缓解时间、疼痛最佳缓解时间方面均显著优于对照组;治疗期间试验组平均镇痛维持时间明显长于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患者治疗后体力状况分析标准(performance status,PS)评分较治疗前显著改善;试验组便秘、嗜睡不良反应发生率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。试验组每疗程费用明显低于对照组,具有明显经济优势。结论：吗啡皮下自控镇痛泵给药方式控制难治性癌痛临床疗效确切,止痛效果明显。与对照组比较,疼痛起效时间短,疗程较吗啡用量少,不良反应发生率低,改善了患者生活质量,且减轻了患者经济压力。     

贵州省啮齿动物地理分布的聚类分析

贵州省啮齿动物地理分布的聚类分析杨再学贵州省余庆县农业局植保站５６４４００作者用聚类分析法对贵州省啮齿动物的地理分布作了分析,表明黔北和黔中的啮齿动物区系更加相似;黔东和黔南的啮齿动物区系较相似,而与其它地区的啮齿动物区系存在一定的差异。报告如下。１...     

可卡因对大鼠痛阈和缰核痛相关神经元放电的影响

目的：观察可卡因对痛阈和LHb痛相关神经元放电的影响。方法：皮下注射不同剂量可卡因,观察大鼠痛阈的变化;用玻璃微电极记录静脉注射可卡因前后,Hb神经元对伤害性刺激的反应。结果：低剂量可卡因降低大鼠痛阈;高剂量可卡因提高大鼠痛阈。静脉注射可卡因后,LHb痛兴奋单位自发放电增加,对痛的兴奋反应加强;LHb痛抑制单位自发放电减少,对痛的抑制反应减弱。结论：低剂量可卡因降低痛阈,同时提高LHb痛相关神经元的敏感性。     

氯胺酮对单足致炎大鼠脊髓背角神经元活动的影响

在大鼠脊髓背角用细胞外记录技术共记录到３２个单位。角叉菜胶一侧足底注射致炎后,电刺激该侧足底内外侧神经激动其中Ａ、Ｃ纤维时,脊髓背角神经元诱发放电数均显著增加;静脉注射ＮＭＤＡ受体拮抗剂氯胺酮后,Ａ、Ｃ纤维刺激诱发的放电反应均显著下降甚至消失。致炎后脊髓背角深层单位出现Ｗｉｎｄｕｐ现象,静脉注射氯胺酮后该现象减轻消失。结果提示：角叉菜胶致炎导致脊髓背角神经元兴奋性升高和Ｗｉｎｄｕｐ;ＮＭＤＡ受体参     

Circuit for the electromanipulation of plant protoplasts

An electric circuit for plant protoplast manipulation is described. The circuit used readily available materials and was designed for use in teaching. This integrated circuit can be placed in a single small box with controls for the aligning voltage, the aligning frequency, the pulse voltage, and the pulse timing. The circuit can be supplied by any suitable source of dc power and can be easily altered for individual requirements. The circuit, as presented here, can be assembled for less than $250.     

一种动物实验监控系统的设计

本文主要设计动物生命体征参数（体温、呼吸率和脉搏率）的监控系统。硬件电路采用MSP430F5438芯片作为微控制器,体温、呼吸和脉搏生理参数的信号采集使用了相应的信号调理电路和处理电路,主要由电信号转换电路、放大滤波电路、AD转换电路、脉冲转换电路、LCD显示电路、加热垫和蜂鸣器驱动电路等组成。     

Monolithically integrated bacteriorhodopsin/semiconductor opto-electronic integrated circuit for a bio-photoreceiver

The light-sensitive protein, bacteriorhodopsin (BR), is monolithically integrated with an InP-based amplifier circuit to realize a novel opto-electronic integrated circuit (OEIC) which performs as a high-speed photoreceiver. The circuit is realized by epitaxial growth of the field-effect transistors, currently used semiconductor device and circuit fabrication techniques, and selective area BR electro-deposition. The integrated photoreceiver has a responsivity of 175 V/W and linear photoresponse, with a dynamic range of 16 dB, with 594 nm photoexcitation. The dynamics of the photochemical cycle of BR has also been modeled and a proposed equivalent circuit simulates the measured BR photoresponse with good agreement.     

Selection of Protein–Protein Interactions of Desired Affinities with a Bandpass Circuit

We have developed a genetic circuit in Escherichia coli that can be used to select for protein–protein interactions of different strengths by changing antibiotic concentrations in the media. The genetic circuit links protein–protein interaction strength to β-lactamase activity while simultaneously imposing tuneable positive and negative selection pressure for β-lactamase activity. Cells only survive if they express interacting proteins with affinities that fall within set high- and low-pass thresholds; i.e. the circuit therefore acts as a bandpass filter for protein–protein interactions. We show that the circuit can be used to recover protein–protein interactions of desired affinity from a mixed population with a range of affinities. The circuit can also be used to select for inhibitors of protein–protein interactions of defined strength.     

Measuring User Similarity Using Electric Circuit Analysis: Application to Collaborative Filtering

We propose a new technique of measuring user similarity in collaborative filtering using electric circuit analysis. Electric circuit analysis is used to measure the potential differences between nodes on an electric circuit. In this paper, by applying this method to transaction networks comprising users and items, i.e., user–item matrix, and by using the full information about the relationship structure of users in the perspective of item adoption, we overcome the limitations of one-to-one similarity calculation approach, such as the Pearson correlation, Tanimoto coefficient, and Hamming distance, in collaborative filtering. We found that electric circuit analysis can be successfully incorporated into recommender systems and has the potential to significantly enhance predictability, especially when combined with user-based collaborative filtering. We also propose four types of hybrid algorithms that combine the Pearson correlation method and electric circuit analysis. One of the algorithms exceeds the performance of the traditional collaborative filtering by 37.5% at most. This work opens new opportunities for interdisciplinary research between physics and computer science and the development of new recommendation systems     

The conserved cytoplasmic module of the transmembrane chemoreceptor McpC mediates carbohydrate chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis

Escherichia coli cells use two distinct sensory circuits during chemotaxis towards carbohydrates. One circuit requires the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) and is independent of any specific chemoreceptor, whereas the other uses a chemoreceptor-dependent sensory mechanism analogous to that used during chemotaxis towards amino acids. Work on the carbohydrate chemotaxis sensory circuit of Bacillus subtilis reported in this article indicates that the B. subtilis circuit is different from either of those used by E. coli. Our chemotactic analysis of B. subtilis strains expressing various chimeric chemoreceptors indicates that the cytoplasmic, C-terminal module of the chemoreceptor McpC acts as a sensory-input element during carbohydrate chemotaxis. Our results also indicate that PTS-mediated carbohydrate transport, but not carbohydrate metabolism, is required for production of a chemotactic signal. We propose a model in which PTS-transport-induced chemotactic signals are transmitted to the C-terminal module of McpC for control of chemotaxis towards PTS carbohydrates.     

Equivalent Circuit of Frog Atrial Tissue as Determined by Voltage Clamp-Unclamp Experiments

The equivalent circuit that has been used in the analysis of nerve voltage-clamp data is that of the membrane capacity in parallel with the membrane resistance. Voltage-clamp experiments on frog atrial tissue indicate that this circuit will not suffice for this cardiac tissue. The change in membrane current associated with a step change in membrane potential does not show a rapid spike of capacitive current as would be expected for the simple parallel resistance-capacitance network. Rather, there is a step change in current followed by an exponential decay in current with a time constant of about 1 msec. This relatively slow capacitive charging current suggests that there is a resistance in series with the membrane capacity. A possible equivalent circuit is that of a series resistance external to the parallel resistance-capacitance network of the cell membranes. Another possible circuit assumes that the series resistance is an integral part of the cell membrane. The data presented in this paper demonstrate that the equivalent circuit of a bundle of frog atrial muscle is that of an external resistance in series with the cell membranes.     

A plausible neural circuit for decision making and its formation based on reinforcement learning

A human’s, or lower insects’, behavior is dominated by its nervous system. Each stable behavior has its own inner steps and control rules, and is regulated by a neural circuit. Understanding how the brain influences perception, thought, and behavior is a central mandate of neuroscience. The phototactic flight of insects is a widely observed deterministic behavior. Since its movement is not stochastic, the behavior should be dominated by a neural circuit. Based on the basic firing characteristics of biological neurons and the neural circuit’s constitution, we designed a plausible neural circuit for this phototactic behavior from logic perspective. The circuit’s output layer, which generates a stable spike firing rate to encode flight commands, controls the insect’s angular velocity when flying. The firing pattern and connection type of excitatory and inhibitory neurons are considered in this computational model. We simulated the circuit’s information processing using a distributed PC array, and used the real-time average firing rate of output neuron clusters to drive a flying behavior simulation. In this paper, we also explored how a correct neural decision circuit is generated from network flow view through a bee’s behavior experiment based on the reward and punishment feedback mechanism. The significance of this study: firstly, we designed a neural circuit to achieve the behavioral logic rules by strictly following the electrophysiological characteristics of biological neurons and anatomical facts. Secondly, our circuit’s generality permits the design and implementation of behavioral logic rules based on the most general information processing and activity mode of biological neurons. Thirdly, through computer simulation, we achieved new understanding about the cooperative condition upon which multi-neurons achieve some behavioral control. Fourthly, this study aims in understanding the information encoding mechanism and how neural circuits achieve behavior control. Finally, this study also helps establish a transitional bridge between the microscopic activity of the nervous system and macroscopic animal behavior.