Assessing household livelihood vulnerability to climate change: The case of Northwest Vietnam

This study applied livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) and livelihood effect index (LEI) to assess vulnerability from climate variability and change of three agricultural and natural resources dependent commune in northwest Vietnam, a country that is expected to bear some of the most severe impacts of climate change. Based on a survey of 335 farm household data, complemented with secondary data on climate factors, a composite index was calculated and differential vulnerabilities were compared. The results of the analysis suggest that one of the communities, “Pa Vay Su,” was more vulnerable than the others, particularly in relation to housing, knowledge and skills, socio-demographics, health and water security, social networks, and livelihood strategy. “Hien Luong” commune, on the other hand, was more vulnerable in relation to other LVI indicators with the exception of food security, climate variability, and natural disasters. “Moc Chau” community was more vulnerable in relation to water security, social demographic than Hien Luong commune. Overall, the article shows that three different vulnerability assessment indices can be broadly applied in comparable setting in other areas of country and they could usefully establish the basis for a nationally applicable index to identify and prioritize adaptation and mitigation needs.     

西北干旱区生态脆弱性时空演变分析

西部大开发政策实施以来,随着社会经济的发展和环境政策的调整,西北干旱区生态环境发生深刻变化。基于西北干旱区生态本底特征,选取土壤、地形、气候并结合夜间灯光数据构建西北干旱区生态脆弱性评价体系,运用空间主成分分析法（SPCA）、地理探测器对西北干旱区2000、2007、2012、2018年生态脆弱性时空演变及驱动力进行分析。结果表明：（1）从西北干旱区生态脆弱性时空演变特征来看,研究区生态脆弱性以重度脆弱性为主;从不同土地利用脆弱性来看,微度脆弱区以草地、林地为主,轻度脆弱区以草地为主,中度脆弱区和重度脆弱区以未利用地为主,18年来研究区生态脆弱性整体保持不变;（2）影响西北干旱区生态脆弱性分异的主导因素包括土壤有机质含量、地形位指数、气温、降水、夜间灯光指数,各因素对生态脆弱性的平均决定力分别为0.63、0.36、0.27、0.26和0.22。（3）基于生态脆弱性监测结果和驱动因素分析,将西北干旱区划分为5个生态功能区：生态核心保护区、生态综合监测区、生态优化关注区、生态恢复治理区、生态潜在治理区,并提出相应管理方案。研究可以为干旱区生态环境保护提供借鉴。     

南方水土流失严重区的生态脆弱性时空演变

生态环境脆弱性评价研究,对生态环境保护与修复具有重要意义.以福建省长汀县为研究区,选择坡度、土壤类型、多年平均降雨量、地形起伏度、归一化植被指数、人口密度、土地利用类型7个指标,通过多重共线性诊断分析,构建生态脆弱性评价指标体系,采用熵权法及综合指数法对1999、2006和2014年长汀县生态脆弱性进行定量评价,分析生态脆弱性时空分布及变化.结果表明: 1999—2014年,研究区生态脆弱性等级指数总体减小,局部增大.研究区1999、2006和2014年生态脆弱性指数平均值分别为0.4533±0.1216、0.4160±0.1110和0.3916±0.1139,整体处于中等脆弱水平;生态脆弱性等级指数从1999年的2.92下降到2006年的2.38,再下降到2014年的2.13.生态脆弱性的空间格局呈内高外低的分布特征,高脆弱等级区主要分布在坡度<15°、海拔<500 m的河田镇及汀州镇一带.研究期间,生态脆弱性等级指数降幅最大的是三洲乡,最小的是汀州镇.     

海平面上升影响下广西钦州湾红树林脆弱性评价

全球气候变化所导致的海平面上升等现象对海岸带产生显著影响。红树林是生长在热带、亚热带沿海潮间带的生态系统,对海平面上升极为敏感。以广西钦州湾红树林生态系统为对象,采用SPRC(Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consequence)评估模式分析了气候变化所导致的海平面上升对红树林生态系统的主要影响。构建了以海平面上升速率、地面沉降/抬升速率、生境高程、日均淹水时间、潮滩坡度和沉积速率为指标的脆弱性评价体系。在GIS平台上量化各脆弱性指标,计算脆弱性指数并分级,建立了定量评价红树林生态系统脆弱性方法,实现了在不同海平面上升情景(近40年来广西海平面平均上升速率、IPCC预测的B1和A1FI情景)和时间尺度下(2030年、2050和2100年),广西钦州湾红树林生态系统脆弱性的定量空间评价。研究结果表明,在近40年广西海平面平均上升速率与B1情景下,钦州湾红树林在各评估时段表现为不脆弱。而在A1FI情景下,至2050年研究区域41.3%红树林为低脆弱,至2100年增加至69.8%。研究采用的SPRC评估模型、脆弱性评价指标体系和定量空间评估方法能够客观定量评价气候变化所导致的海平面上升影响下红树林生态系统脆弱性,可为制定切实可行的应对措施和保障海岸带生态系统安全提供科学依据。     

Establishing an ecological vulnerability assessment indicator system for spatial recognition and management of ecologically vulnerable areas in highly urbanized regions: A case study of Shenzhen,China

The extensive use of modeling and technologies such as a geographic information system (GIS) in ecological vulnerability assessment and the recognition of eco-environmentally vulnerable areas from the perspective of spatial positioning provide important complements to urban ecological space management research. This study establishes an ecological vulnerability assessment indicator system containing nine elements and twelve indicators with respect to ecological sensitivity, ecological pressure, and self-resilience. The range of ecologically vulnerable areas in a highly urbanized region is spatially recognized. Management strategies are proposed with regard to institutionalization and marketization. The results show that the ecological vulnerability in Shenzhen is good overall and that most areas are moderately vulnerable; the goal of space management is to enhance ecological function and prevent further expansion of the city as a threat to ecological security. Highly vulnerable areas are mainly distributed in the west and agglomerate with urban functional areas; it is suggested to delimit an ecological red line in this region and implement the most stringent “steel wire” control following the existing ecological protection law in China. Furthermore, this study proposes an ecological preparedness system suited for the particularity of the highly urbanized region in Shenzhen and attempts to introduce marketization into ecological restoration to solve the economic and social plight of ecological reconstruction in highly urbanized regions. The vulnerability assessment results objectively reflect the condition of the regional ecological environment, and the space management policy has implications for ecological protection, resource utilization, and sustainable development in similar cities.     

气候变化对物种脆弱性影响的多组分评估——以中国山杏为例

气候变化威胁着全球生物多样性,评估物种脆弱性是研究气候变化对生物多样性影响的关键所在。目前多数研究主要通过物种适宜区面积变化来判断物种脆弱性,这单一维度会忽略其它因素的影响。采用多组分评估框架,将物种适宜区面积变化、生境破碎程度变化、受保护面积变化和人类干扰程度变化四个组分纳入物种总体脆弱性指数中,以中国具有较高经济和生态价值的山杏(Armeniaca sibirica)作为研究对象,评估未来(2061—2080年)三种共享社会经济路径(ssp)ssp126、ssp245、ssp585下山杏物种脆弱性。研究结果表明：未来山杏生境适宜区有向我国东北和西北方向扩张的趋势,扩张区面积明显大于消失区,这种差异化程度依赖于社会发展路径情景;未来适宜区内的保护区面积将由当前6.50×10⁴km²增加到1.10×10⁵km²(三种气候变化情景下的平均值),未来适宜生境破碎化程度将保持稳定,生境适宜区内的人类干扰强度将下降;各组分的比较中,受保护面积变化对山杏总体脆弱性的贡献将超过山杏适宜生境面积变化和其它组分的贡...     

Ecological vulnerability indicators

Indicators provide easy and quick information on the status or condition of an object of interest and are therefore widely used in policy-making. In recent years, policy interest in vulnerability research has increased and a growing number of studies have been aimed at developing vulnerability indicators. Some of these studies have been done within the social–ecological system (SES) framework, taking into account both social vulnerability and ecological vulnerability. A particular challenged faced, however, is with regard to the incorporation of indicators to capture the latter, especially as the concept of vulnerability as applied in ecology is relatively new and not yet well-explored. This paper expounds on this problem by answering the following questions: (1) How are the concept of vulnerability and thereby ecological vulnerability currently understood? (2) What are the challenges in the development and use of ecological vulnerability indicators? (3) What are the current efforts to overcome these challenges? One insight gathered is that due to the complexity, nonlinearity, and multiplicity of dynamics of natural systems, development of sufficiently general indicators of ecological vulnerability may not be realizable. Rather, ecological vulnerability assessment and the development of indicators thereof, whether done independent of the human system or within the SES, should be conducted at smaller scales and must be context-specific.     

内蒙古自治区干旱脆弱性评价

干旱带来的环境影响及经济损失,阻碍了地区的可持续发展。开展干旱脆弱性评价是合理制定区域规划与管理措施的前提条件。然而,国内目前鲜有以省或自治区为研究区域,以市级行政区域为尺度的自然-社会-经济耦合的干旱脆弱性研究。根据IPCC提出的干旱脆弱性评价模型,选取19个指标,在3个维度上（暴露度、敏感度和适应能力）对内蒙古自治区的12个盟市开展了干旱脆弱性评价。采用熵值法确定各指标权重,并用综合指数法和系统分类法计算干旱脆弱性指数并进行分类。研究结果表明,内蒙古自治区的干旱脆弱性呈现由东向西递减的趋势,与干旱脆弱性相关性最强的三个指标分别是第一产业GDP比例、人均可支配收入和第一产业从业人员比例。导致盟市干旱脆弱性的主要贡献因素为人口与人力因素和生态与水资源因素。减缓内蒙古自治区干旱脆弱性可以从加强草原保护建设和管理,合理规划盟市建设,减少人口的集中分布,调整产业结构,提供更多的非农牧就业岗位,加强职业技能培训,完善金融服务和医疗服务等方面入手,从而促进干旱区自然生态和社会经济的可持续发展。     

基于多源数据的三江源国家公园土地生态安全综合评价

开展国家公园尺度的土地生态安全综合评价，对优化三江源国家公园土地利用管理规划、加强生态网络建设具有重要借鉴价值。在“压力-状态-响应”(PSR)理论框架中融入草地退化指数、冻土稳定型分布、生态系统服务价值和景观生态脆弱性等指标，分析三江源国家公园土地生态安全状况及其主导因素。研究表明：(1)三江源国家公园景观生态脆弱性整体较低，不同园区景观生态脆弱性指数略有差异，长江源园区为中等脆弱区，黄河源园区脆弱性次之，澜沧江源园区景观生态脆弱性优于其他两园区。(2)三江源国家公园整体土地生态安全状况为较不安全，其中，长江源园区、澜沧江源园区以较不安全区等级为主、临界安全等级次之，黄河源园区临界安全及以上等级的面积比重为93.94%。(3)土地生态较安全区和安全区分布于长江源园区中南部，以及黄河源园区南北两侧边缘区，较不安全区和临界安全区在长江源园区、澜沧江源园区以及黄河源园区交错且连片分布。(4)基于地理探测器模型的自然生态和社会经济影响因素识别结果显示，居民点密度、水网密度和景观生态脆弱性是影响三江源国家公园土地生态安全的主导因素，揭示了人类活动扰动程度与生态系统脆弱性对国家公园土地生态安全状...     

基于SPCA和遥感指数的干旱内陆河流域生态脆弱性时空演变及动因分析——以石羊河流域为例

以石羊河流域为研究区,基于干旱内陆河流域生态特征和遥感数据快速、客观、大面积观测的特点,采用遥感模型计算湿度、绿度、干度和热度等指标,并构建石羊河流域生态脆弱性评价指标体系,在此基础上运用空间主成分分析法(SPCA)对石羊河流域2000和2016年生态脆弱性时空演变及动因进行了分析。研究结果表明:(1)从各遥感指数空间分布来看,湿度和绿度指标均值在17年间呈增长趋势,证明该流域水源涵养能力变好,植被覆盖率变大;干度指标均值有所下降,表明该流域地表裸露程度有所降低;而与植被和水资源关系密切的地表温度均值呈逐年上升趋势,说明该流域水热平衡差异进一步增加,对未来生态脆弱性影响显著;(2)从全流域生态脆弱性时空演变特征来看,该流域主要以强度和中度脆弱为主,17年间生态脆弱性整体上呈缓慢降低趋势;(3)从不同的海拔生态脆弱性分布来看,中山区(1000—2000m)最高,高中山区(2000—3000m)次之,高山区(3000m)最低,17年间中山区生态脆弱性有所下降,而高中山区与高山区却呈上升的趋势;(4)从不同的行政区划生态脆弱性来看,金川区、凉州区、永昌县、民勤县和古浪县整体上处于中度和强度脆弱水平,而天祝县和肃南县处于轻度和微度脆弱水平;(5)从生态脆弱性的演变动因来看,4个指标对石羊河流域生态脆弱性影响均为显著。2000年生态脆弱性的主导影响因子依次为热度湿度绿度干度,而2016年为热度干度绿度湿度。总的来看,石羊河流域生态脆弱程度近年来有所降低,但综合治理工作仍任重道远。本文的遥感方法和分析思路对该流域生态脆弱性保护及治理提供一定的理论基础和决策依据。     

2000—2018年内蒙古沙区“生态-经济-社会”复合系统脆弱性演变及关键影响因素

在气候变化和人类活动共同影响下,沙区“生态-经济-社会”复合系统快速变化,为沙漠化治理及区域可持续发展带来了严峻的挑战。因此,揭示沙区“生态-经济-社会”复合系统脆弱性演变规律,辨识影响脆弱性演化的关键因素及区域差异对沙区可持续管理具有重要意义。以内蒙古自治区为研究区,利用“暴露-敏感-适应”评估模型构建沙区“生态-经济-社会”复合系统脆弱性评价指标体系,将空间主成分分析与时空地理加权回归模型相结合,探讨2000—2018年内蒙古“生态-经济-社会”复合系统脆弱性时空演变及关键因素作用机制。结果表明：(1)脆弱性及暴露度、敏感性和适应性三个维度在空间上均有较强的异质性特征,脆弱性具有整体分散、局部聚集的分布格局;暴露度的空间分布为中部高,两边低;敏感性的空间分布为西部高,东部低;适应性的高低值分布与脆弱性相反。(2)脆弱性的变化在总体上呈现大部分区域降低,局部区域升高的趋势,显著升高区域主要聚集在内蒙古南部地区。(3)影响脆弱性分布的因素在每年均有所不同,但总体上植被覆盖度、沙漠化程度、气象指数等生态指标是影响脆弱性显著变化区域的主要因素。     

Habitat ecological integrity and environmental impact assessment of anthropic activities: A GIS-based fuzzy logic model for sites of high biodiversity conservation interest

In literature, an effective method enabling the classification, based on a single indicator, of habitats that need a priority protection intervention has not been identified yet. Moreover, the excessive number of landscape metrics, used to quantify integrity of habitats, can cause confusion, often providing redundant and inconsistent results.The aim of this work is to develop a method for evaluating the ecological vulnerability of the habitats in sites of high biodiversity conservation interest. In the first phase, we selected and analyzed, by using principal component analysis (PCA) and fuzzy logic, the landscape metrics, in order to obtain the map of the intrinsic ecological vulnerability index. In the second step, the result of this intrinsic vulnerability was connected, through another fuzzy model, to anthropogenic impacts, obtaining the integrated ecological vulnerability index. We developed specific spatial indicators (landscape metrics), which can examine the mutual position and morphology of the habitats present, along with indicators of human pressure, related to the type and intensity of use of the anthropic territory, with reference to the habitat itself as well as to the areas immediately adjacent. The developed fuzzy models are innovative, compared to the current ecological studies, and examine landscape metrics as well as the impact of human activities.The case study is the “Val Basento-Ferrandina Scalo” Site of Community Importance, Ferrandina-SCI (Basilicata Region, Southern Italy). The results allowed us to build a rank of the habitats based on their intrinsic and integrated ecological vulnerability. Moreover, the results show that, in the Ferrandina-SCI, the most important source of concern is not human activities, but rather the inherent risk of ecological fragility caused by geographical and landscape features of the different patches of habitats themselves.This model aims to be a tool for decision support in sustainable landscape management. It is easy to use and to apply on other regions, although it should always be accompanied by a sensitivity analysis to reduce the subjectivity.     

锡林郭勒盟生态脆弱性

以锡林郭勒盟为研究区,分析植被覆盖变化,辨析出影响暴露敏感性的主要因素,结合社会经济统计资料,构筑起以暴露敏感性和适应性能力为基础的生态脆弱性评价体系,分别借助空间主成分分析方法和主成分分析方法构建了暴露敏感性指数和适应性能力指数,获得生态脆弱性及其空间格局。结果显示:锡林郭勒盟暴露敏感性指数以西北部为中心,向四周辐射状递增,各旗县市的适应性能力指数从东北向西南递减,二者呈负相关关系。锡林郭勒盟生态脆弱性自东北向西南递增,东北部地区由于草地资源状况较好,经济发展水平相对较高,暴露敏感性较低而适应性能力较高;西南部地区因环境相对恶劣,经济发展落后,暴露敏感性较高而适应性能力较低。通过叠加分析,将研究区划分为8个生态脆弱性区域。     

Environmental vulnerability evaluation using a spatial principal components approach in the Daxing’anling region,China

Identifying environmentally vulnerable regions is an important aspect of forest resource management, especially in boreal forest ecosystems that exhibit sensitivity to climate change. In this study, an environmental vulnerability index was constructed to describe the vulnerability status of the ecosystem in the Daxing’anling region, Heilongjiang Province, China. Thirteen variables related to exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity of the ecosystem were selected and integrated into a comprehensive index using spatial principal component analysis. The vulnerability within each part of the study area was then classified into one of five levels, including potential, slight, light, medium and heavy vulnerability, based on the numerical values. Results showed that the degree of vulnerability was unevenly distributed throughout the Daxing’anling region. The highest environmental vulnerability index value was approximately 0.86 in the southern and central areas, suggesting that these regions are the most vulnerable to environmental changes. The lowest value was approximately 0.036 in the eastern region, which indicates a relatively high-quality environment that is less vulnerable to environmental changes. The results of the environmental vulnerability evaluation may be helpful for decision makers by providing a comparatively rational decision making tool for planning and implementing effective forest resource management.     

三峡库区生态脆弱性评价

基于遥感和地理信息系统技术,采用"压力-状态-响应"评价模型,选取18个指标,利用空间主成分分析对2001—2010年三峡库区(重庆段)生态脆弱性进行综合定量评价,对生态脆弱性时空分布及动态变化进行分析。根据计算得到的生态脆弱性指数,将生态脆弱性划分为5个等级:微度脆弱、轻度脆弱、中度脆弱、重度脆弱和极度脆弱。通过统计不同脆弱性等级面积,求算得到生态脆弱性综合指数。结果表明:三峡库区(重庆段)2001—2010年生态脆弱性指数标准化平均值为4.23±1.29,整体处于中度脆弱。生态脆弱性空间分布呈现西高东低的格局特征,高度脆弱地区主要分布在中西部,低度脆弱地区主要分布在东北部和东南部。近10年生态脆弱性综合指数最小值为2002年的2.37,最大值为2008年的2.99,三峡水库蓄水后生态脆弱性综合指数逐年递增,2008年到达峰值后有所降低。三峡库区生态脆弱性是人类活动与自然环境相互作用的结果,城市生活污染、水土流失、植被状况等为主要的驱动因子。研究时段内三峡库区(重庆段)生态脆弱性呈现两极化趋势,高度脆弱地区的脆弱性显著增加,低度脆弱地区脆弱性明显降低。     

A global synthesis of climate vulnerability assessments on marine fisheries: Methods,scales, and knowledge co-production

Undertaking climate vulnerability assessments (CVAs) on marine fisheries is instrumental to the identification of regions, species, and stakeholders at risk of impacts from climate change, and the development of effective and targeted responses for fisheries adaptation. In this global literature review, we addressed three important questions to characterize fisheries CVAs: (i) what are the available approaches to develop CVAs in various social–ecological contexts, (ii) are different geographic scales and regions adequately represented, and (iii) how do diverse knowledge systems contribute to current understanding of vulnerability? As part of these general research efforts, we identified and characterized an inventory of frameworks and indicators that encompass a wide range of foci on ecological and socioeconomic dimensions of climate vulnerability on fisheries. Our analysis highlighted a large gap between countries with top research inputs and the most urgent adaptation needs. More research and resources are needed in low-income tropical countries to ensure existing inequities are not exacerbated. We also identified an uneven research focus across spatial scales and cautioned a possible scale mismatch between assessment and management needs. Drawing on this information, we catalog (1) a suite of research directions that could improve the utility and applicability of CVAs, particularly the examination of barriers and enabling conditions that influence the uptake of CVA results into management responses at multiple levels, (2) the lessons that have been learned from applications in data-limited regions, particularly the use of proxy indicators and knowledge co-production to overcome the problem of data deficiency, and (3) opportunities for wider applications, for example diversifying the use of vulnerability indicators in broader monitoring and management schemes. This information is used to provide a set of recommendations that could advance meaningful CVA practices for fisheries management and promote effective translation of climate vulnerability into adaptation actions.     

社会生态系统及脆弱性驱动机制分析

生态系统与社会经济要素的相互渗透和相互作用形成了社会生态系统复合结构。"社会生态系统"(SES)理念是当今世界生态系统分析的新思路,它立足于社会生态经济综合指标,突出社会生态经济系统的整体性,以人地和谐、综合的思想,分析和解决生态和社会经济问题。社会生态系统脆弱性驱动机制分析和综合研究已成为脆弱性研究的趋势。综述了"社会生态系统"概念、结构、特征和属性,分析了社会生态系统脆弱性内涵,结合"压力-状态-响应"模型(PSR)和"暴露度-敏感性-恢复力"模型,从社会-经济-生态复合系统角度,从风险(压力)、敏感性、应对能力三方面对社会生态系统脆弱性驱动机制进行分析,最后文章对相关问题进行了讨论,并指出了脆弱性驱动机制分析的局限性,提出未来研究的展望。     

台风灾害下海岸带城市社会-生态系统脆弱性评估——大数据视角

2016年莫兰蒂台风对厦门城市社会-生态系统造成重创,该系统在灾害影响下的脆弱性成为亟待研究的重要问题。基于新浪微博平台进行大数据挖掘,结合统计年鉴及空间基础数据,建立台风灾害影响下基于暴露-敏感-应对-恢复力体系的海岸带城市社会-生态系统脆弱性指标体系,评估灾前灾后台风对厦门不同地区的影响;同时根据微博大数据的定位信息,对不同受灾信息进行灾情跟踪及分析,结果表明,在本次台风灾害中思明、湖里区表现出的脆弱性较低,而海沧、集美区表现出的脆弱性较高,主要是由于思明、湖里区的应对能力明显高于其他各区,从大数据显示的恢复情况来看,除海沧区外,其他三区在电力方面的恢复速度都较为迅速。研究成果能够为台风灾害背景下的城市脆弱性评价提供新的方法与技术,为灾前防治、灾后恢复提供决策参考。     

中国旱灾风险定量评估

全球变暖及经济社会快速发展导致区域及全球性灾害风险增大，中国更是几乎每年都会遭受旱灾，因此，开展旱灾风险评估及影响因素研究对于区域经济社会可持续发展和灾害风险管理具有重要意义。以前的旱灾风险评估在评估方法以及评估指标选取方面都具有很强的主观性，导致风险评估结果具有强烈的不确定性，这在划定我国的高旱灾风险区域时可能会造成问题。基于旱灾风险的定义，合理假设"历史上旱灾损失高的地区遭受高旱灾损失的概率越大"，引入历史旱灾损失资料对旱灾风险进行校正，构建了新的旱灾风险评估模型，揭示了中国旱灾风险的区域分异规律，并量化了各个影响因子的贡献水平。分析结果表明，我国存在5个显著的旱灾高风险区：东北地区、华北地区、西北地区东部、西南地区东部以及西北地区西部的小部分区域。影响因子分析进一步表明，高暴露度和高脆弱性是导致地区出现高旱灾风险的主要原因。     

珊瑚礁生态脆弱性评价--以泰国思仓岛为例

珊瑚礁生态系统受到环境变化、人类活动等各种因素的严重威胁,保护珊瑚礁生态系统是目前全球海洋生态保护的热点,对珊瑚礁开展定量的生态脆弱性评估能够为保护管理对策的制定提供重要科学依据。本研究选取泰国思仓岛作为研究区域,结合空间分析技术建立了具有通用性的珊瑚礁生态脆弱性评估方法。基于ESA模型构建了珊瑚礁生态脆弱性综合指数和评价指标体系,系统分析了思仓岛珊瑚礁脆弱性的来源、构成,并直观展现了脆弱性的区域空间分布。结果表明:思仓岛研究区东北侧的珊瑚礁生态脆弱性大于西南侧,当地珊瑚礁的关键影响因子分别为驳船排污、港口码头、水体透明度等。根据脆弱性评价的结果,提出了当地珊瑚礁保护与修复的空间分区管理对策。本研究为印度-太平洋区系珊瑚礁生态脆弱性评价提供了可行的示例,也为中国的珊瑚礁可持续管理研究提供了借鉴和参照。