珊瑚礁生态脆弱性评价--以泰国思仓岛为例

珊瑚礁生态系统受到环境变化、人类活动等各种因素的严重威胁,保护珊瑚礁生态系统是目前全球海洋生态保护的热点,对珊瑚礁开展定量的生态脆弱性评估能够为保护管理对策的制定提供重要科学依据。本研究选取泰国思仓岛作为研究区域,结合空间分析技术建立了具有通用性的珊瑚礁生态脆弱性评估方法。基于ESA模型构建了珊瑚礁生态脆弱性综合指数和评价指标体系,系统分析了思仓岛珊瑚礁脆弱性的来源、构成,并直观展现了脆弱性的区域空间分布。结果表明:思仓岛研究区东北侧的珊瑚礁生态脆弱性大于西南侧,当地珊瑚礁的关键影响因子分别为驳船排污、港口码头、水体透明度等。根据脆弱性评价的结果,提出了当地珊瑚礁保护与修复的空间分区管理对策。本研究为印度-太平洋区系珊瑚礁生态脆弱性评价提供了可行的示例,也为中国的珊瑚礁可持续管理研究提供了借鉴和参照。

Ecological vulnerability assessment of coral reef: A case study of Si Chang Island,Thailand.

Coral reef ecosystems are seriously threatened by environmental changes and human activities.Protecting coral reef ecosystems is a hotspot in global marine ecosystem conservation.Quantitative assessment of ecological vulnerability of coral reefs would provide important scientific basis for coral reef conservation management.Taking Si Chang Island,Thailand as the study area,a versatile vulnerability assessment approach was developed combined with spatial analysis technology.Based on the ESA model,a comprehensive vulnerability index and related indicators were built for coral reefs.The source and composition of coral reef vulnerability were identified using the established model,while the spatial distribution of vulnerability was visually displayed.The results showed that the vulnerability of coral reef on northeast side was greater than that on the southwest side of the Si Chang Island.The key impact factors of local coral reefs were tug sewage,harbors and piers,water transparency,etc.The zoning management countermeasures were proposed for the conservation and restoration of coral reefs based on our findings.This study provided a feasible example for the ecological vulnerability assessment of Indo-Pacific reefs,andcan also be taken as a reference for the sustainable management of coral reefs in China.