SARS病毒s1基因片段真核表达载体的构建及免疫效果

本研究根据GenBank登录的BJ01株SARS-CoV序列合成801bpS1基因片段,该片段被亚克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)得到重组质粒pcDNA3.1(+)/S1;转染Hela细胞,SDS-PAGE、Western-Blotting鉴定蛋白表达;肌注免疫BALB/c小鼠,利用ELISA法检测免疫后小鼠的抗SARS/CoVIgG及IFN-γ水平,MTT法检测T细胞增殖活性.结果显示,重组质粒pcDNA3.1(+)/S1可在Hela细胞内表达S1蛋白,免疫后小鼠的T细胞增殖活性增强,抗SARS-CoVIgG与IFN-γ水平升高.本实验说明pcDNA3.1(+)/S1可诱导小鼠产生一定的体液免疫和细胞免疫应答.     

汉坦病毒核蛋白基因疫苗的初步研究

探讨了汉坦病毒核蛋白(NP)S基因疫苗的免疫效果。构建重组真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1 S,直接肌注免疫BALB/c小鼠,分别用ELISA法检测血清特异性抗体的变化,MTT法检测T细胞增殖反应,以及用ELISAkit检测免疫鼠脾细胞上清液中细胞因子IL-4和IFN-γ的动态变化,从而了解免疫鼠的体液免疫反应和细胞免疫反应。pcDNA3.1 S接种组的小鼠血清抗体水平、T细胞增殖反应以及细胞因子IL-4和IFN-γ的产生水平均较对照组pcDNA3.1 空载体接种组的要高。编码核蛋白的S基因的核酸免疫可同时启动机体的细胞免疫和体液免疫反应,S基因是汉坦病毒核酸疫苗的一个比较理想的侯选抗原基因。     

增加CpG基元的汉坦病毒核蛋白基因疫苗的免疫作用

以往的研究表明非甲基化胞嘧啶鸟嘌呤二核苷酸为基元构成的特定结构是一种很有希望的候选疫苗佐剂.为了研究增加CpG基元的汉坦病毒核蛋白基因疫苗的免疫作用,在本实验中,将重组真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1+S(ISS)直接肌注免疫BALB/c小鼠,分别用ELISA法检测血清特异性抗体的变化,MTT法检测T细胞增殖反应,以及用ELISA kt检测免疫鼠脾细胞上清液中细胞因子IL-4和IFN-γ的动态变化,从而了解免疫鼠的体液免疫反应和细胞免疫反应.结果显示pcDNA3.1+S(ISS)接种组的小鼠血清抗体水平、T细胞增殖反应以及细胞因子IFN-γ的产生水平较对照组pcDNA3.1+S和空载体pcDNA3.1+接种组的要高.而细胞因子IL-4较对照组却无明显变化.由此可见,增加CpG基元的质粒能够增强其所诱导的免疫反应,可用于那些需要借助强有力细胞免疫来清除病原体的疫苗研制中.     

嗜肺军团菌mip/ctxB融合基因体外表达与动物免疫试验的免疫原性研究

ＰＣＲ扩增嗜肺军团菌mip基因和霍乱弧菌ctxB基因,克隆入载体pcDNA3.1(+),重组子经限制性酶切分析、PCR、序列分析鉴定正确后,命名为pcDNA3.1-mip/ctxB.脂质体法将重组质粒pcDNA3.1-mip、pcDNA3.1-mip/ctxB转染NIH3T3细胞,用免疫荧光法和蛋白质印迹鉴定瞬时表达和稳定表达产物,结果发现：重组质粒成功转入细胞并获得短暂表达,稳定转染细胞分别在24 ku和35 ku处检测到阳性杂交信号.将pcDNA3.1-mip、pcDNA3.1-mip/ctxB作为DNA疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测免疫小鼠体内抗原特异性抗体水平、脾淋巴细胞增殖活性、IFN-γ产生水平、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)杀伤活性等体液免疫和细胞免疫反应的指标,评价疫苗的免疫原性.结果发现：各实验组均检测到免疫原性,pcDNA3.1-mip/ctxB免疫组的免疫原性高于pcDNA3.1-mip免疫组,有显著性差异(P＜0.01).研究结果为mip/ctxB融合基因DNA疫苗的研制提供了初步的实验依据.     

IFN-λ1在HEK293T细胞中表达纯化及活性检测

[目的]构建IFN-λ1真核表达质粒,利用人胚胎肾HEK293T细胞表达系统,获得具有良好生物学活性的IFN-λ1重组蛋白。[方法]将IFN-λ1目的基因克隆到pcDNA3.1+载体NheⅠ与XhoⅠ多克隆位点构建pcDNA3.1-IFN-λ1分泌表达质粒,并将其转染到HEK293T细胞中;采用Ni-NTA亲和层析方法分离纯化重组蛋白,SDS-PAGE和蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blotting)检测IFN-λ1的表达与纯度;采用qPCR、WB结合显微镜观察检测IFN-λ1的生物学活性。[结果]IFN-λ1真核表达质粒构建正确,而且能够在HEK293T细胞中分泌表达重组蛋白,分离纯化的IFN-λ1能够有效地诱导ISG15、ISG54、ISG56、OAS1、TNFα、MX1和TRAIL等凋亡相关基因的表达,激活p38促凋亡信号通路,抑制水泡性口炎病毒对BHK-21细胞的感染。[结论]成功构建了pcDNA3.1-IFN-λ1真核表达质粒,能够在HEK293T细胞中分泌表达IFN-λ1重组蛋白;分离纯化的IFN-λ1重组蛋白具有潜在的抗肿瘤和抗病毒生物学活性,为进一步研究IFN-λ1的功能和临床应用奠定了基础。     

西方马脑炎核酸疫苗表达载体构建及免疫原性研究

为构建西方马脑炎病毒(western equine encephalomyelitis virus,WEEV)结构基因C-E3-E2-6k-E1重组真核表达载体,并研究其作为核酸疫苗的免疫原性.采用PCR方法扩增目的基因,酶切之后连接到pcDNA3.1上构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-C-E,用酶切和测序分析方法鉴定正确后,重组质粒被转染到293T细胞,经电镜检测和间接免疫荧光方法证明基因可以表达后,用该重组质粒免疫小鼠,免疫后检测实验组小鼠外周血中CD4+T细胞/CD8+T细胞比例和血清中细胞因子IL-2、IL-4及IFN-γ浓度,以上实验组各项免疫指标与对照组相比差异均显著(P＜ 0.05);ELISA方法检测实验组小鼠血清中WEEV的IgG抗体效价是1∶16.研究结果表明重组质粒pcDNA3.1-C-E可在细胞中获得瞬时表达,并且重组质粒作为核酸疫苗能够刺激小鼠产生免疫反应,具有较强免疫原性,为今后WEEV核酸疫苗研制奠定了良好基础.     

HIV-1 gagpol病毒样颗粒疫苗免疫小鼠的实验研究

目的:为构建含中国流行株HIV*1核心蛋白(gag、pol)基因的病毒样颗粒疫苗(VIP疫苗),并评价其诱导的体液和细胞免疫反应效果.方法:将重组质粒pcDNA3.1/gagpol稳定转染HEK293细胞,上清液经蔗糖垫层超速离心纯化后,用收获的VLP疫苗免疫小鼠,通过ELLSA检测免疫小鼠的特异性抗体和IFN-γ,通过乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)实验检测小鼠特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)反应.结果:VLP疫苗免疫组小鼠血清的抗HIV-1 gp160抗体滴度和IFN-γ均升高(P<0.01).其特异性CTL活性均高于PBS对照组(P<0.01).结论:构建的VLP疫苗免疫小鼠可以诱导特异性体液和细胞免疫应答,为进一步研制HIV治疗性疫苗奠定基础.     

幽门螺杆菌Lpp20-IL2核酸疫苗免疫活性

【目的】观察pcDNA3.1(+)/Lpp20-IL2免疫C57BL/6小鼠后所产生的体液免疫和细胞免疫应答水平,为研制高效、新型的幽门螺杆菌核酸疫苗提供实验依据。【方法】构建pcDNA3.1(+)/Lpp20-IL2重组载体,并转染HeLa细胞,用Western-blot观察鉴定其在真核细胞得到表达后免疫C57BL/6小鼠,ELISA间接法测定小鼠血清中抗Lpp20IgG抗体水平,ELISA双抗体夹心法检测脾淋巴细胞培养上清中IFN-γ、IL4水平,MTT比色法检测脾淋巴细胞增殖反应,免疫荧光组化法检测Lpp20蛋白在小鼠肌肉组织中的表达情况。【结果】成功构建了pcDNA3.1(+)/Lpp20-IL2真核表达载体,且重组质粒能在HeLa细胞内有效表达目的蛋白;小鼠接种pcDNA3.1(+)/Lpp20-IL2核酸疫苗后能产生特异性IgG抗体,8w后ELISA测定血清抗体A450值明显升高。核酸疫苗pcDNA3.1(+)/Lpp20-IL2免疫组小鼠脾淋巴细胞经特异性抗原刺激后,培养上清中IFN-γ、IL4含量明显升高。pcDNA3.1(+)/Lpp20-IL2和pcDNA3.1(+)/Lpp20核酸疫苗组小鼠脾淋巴细胞经特异性抗原刺激后,刺激指数明显高于空质粒组和PBS组。Lpp20蛋白在小鼠肌肉组织中能够有效表达。【结论】幽门螺杆菌Lpp20-IL2融合基因核酸疫苗和Lpp20单基因核酸疫苗均能刺激机体产生较强细胞免疫应答和体液免疫应答,且前者能诱导更强的细胞免疫应答。     

增加CpG基元的汉坦病毒核蛋白基因疫苗的免疫作用

以往的研究表明非甲基化胞嘧啶鸟嘌呤二核苷酸为基元构成的特定结构是一种很有希望的候选疫苗佐剂。为了研究增加CpG基元的汉坦病毒核蛋白基因疫苗的免疫作用,在本实验中,将重组真核表达质粒 pcDNA3.1 S(ISS)直接肌注免疫BALB/c 小鼠,分别用ELISA法检测血清特异性抗体的变化,MTT法检测 T细胞增殖反应,以及用ELISA kit检测免疫鼠脾细胞上清液中细胞因子IL 4和IFN γ的动态变化,从而了解免疫鼠的体液免疫反应和细胞免疫反应。结果显示 pcDNA3.1 S(ISS)接种组的小鼠血清抗体水平、T细胞增殖反应以及细胞因子IFN γ的产生水平较对照组 pcDNA3.1 S和空载体 pcDNA3.1 接种组的要高。而细胞因子 IL 4 较对照组却无明显变化。由此可见,增加CpG基元的质粒能够增强其所诱导的免疫反应,可用于那些需要借助强有力细胞免疫来清除病原体的疫苗研制中。     

小鼠Uncv基因克隆及真核表达

目的 克隆小鼠的Uncv基因并在真核细胞表达.方法 采用RT-PCR方法扩增小鼠皮肤组织中Uncv基因编码区,以真核表达质粒pcDNA 3.1-Flag为载体,构建Uncv真核表达质粒,将重组载体转染Hela细胞并用Western blot法检测基因表达.结果 构建Uncv基因真核表达载体pcDNA 3.1-Flag/Unev,重组质粒在Hela细胞中有效表达约95×103的融合蛋白.结论 成功构建真核表达载体pcDNA 3.1-Flag/Uncv,并且在真核细胞中有效表达,为研究Uncv基因生物学功能奠定基础.     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.