西藏亚东堆纳地区始新世轮藻化石

西藏南部地处亚洲板块与印度板块的结合部,在古近纪时曾是新特提斯的残留海盆,因而保存着西藏地区最晚期的海相沉积,本次研究在藏南亚东古鲁浦古近纪地层剖面中首次发现轮藻化石,为探讨新特提斯的消亡过程及印度与亚洲板块陆陆碰撞机制提供了良好的生物地层学资料。鉴定、描述4属4种,其中三新种。该轮藻化石组合总体显示始新世轮藻化石组合的特征,时代应为始新世。轮藻化石在始新世海相地层中的出现,表明该时期研究区处于一种海陆过渡相环境,预示新特提斯残留海盆地的即将消亡。     

西藏岗巴地区始新世介形虫化石组合

对西藏岗巴盆地层位最高的海相地层——遮普惹组所含介形虫化石进行了分析和研究,共鉴定出22属、33种,建立两个介形虫组合：Paracypris mayaensis sp. nov.-Bairdia zongpuxiensis sp. nov. 组合(下部)和 Phlyctenophora zongpuensis-Semicytherura subsyrnmetros组合(上部);讨论介形虫组合的特征及其地质时代,并与世界上其它地区有关地层进行对比,结合与之共生的有孔虫组合的时代特征,认为含该介形虫组合的海相地层——遮普惹组的时代应为始新世Ypresian-Priabonian早期。描述6种,其中有2新种：Paracypris mayaensis sp. nov.和Bairdia zongpuxiensis sp. nov.。     

西藏定日始新世的一些钙藻化石

本文描述的钙藻化石系章炳高等于1979年在西藏定日县龙江地区测制始新世剖面时采集的。龙江始新世地层由灰岩和泥灰岩组成,含有丰富的有孔虫和钙藻化石。有孔虫主要有Nummulites,Assilina,Fasciolites和Orbitolites等属。钙藻则以红藻门的珊瑚藻     

南极洲早第三纪的沟鞭藻

本文研究的标本是我国南极洲考察队采自南极半岛北端,同层标本中含有可见于白垩纪至中始新世的双壳类化石Aphrodina sp.,据所含沟鞭藻和孢粉化石的研究,其时代为始新世。文中对13属15种包括4未定种1个新种的沟鞭藻进行了描述,并根据沟鞭藻组合的成分分析,对古地理、古气候、古生态进行了初步探讨。     

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地城子河组下部早白垩世欧特里夫晚期海相沟鞭藻类

描述黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地典型的城子河组下部海相层(包括南部条带海相层,即原"石河北组”)的沟鞭藻类化石15属19种,含1新种和1新组合种.它们可分出两个沟鞭藻组合: Odontochitina operculata Muderongia tetracantha组合(下部)和Vesperopsis zhaodongensis组合(上部);讨论沟鞭藻组合的特征及其地质时代,并与国际上有关地层进行对比,认为典型的城子河组下部海相层的时代为Hauterivian晚期.据此,推测城子河组下部,即海相层及其下的地层时代属Valanginian晚期-Hauterivian晚期.     

藏南定日上白垩统平行不整合界线及其浮游有孔虫时代约束

西藏南部定日地区上白垩统旧堡组与遮普惹山坡组之间为平行不整合接触.本文详细研究了定日地区各拉木、申克扎两条剖面中旧堡组与遮普惹山坡组地层的岩石和古生物学特征,系统描述了其中产出的浮游有孔虫13属34种.对浮游有孔虫的研究表明:各拉木剖面旧堡组属康尼亚克-三冬期沉积,上覆遮普惹山坡组沉积开始于坎潘晚期,推断其间的平行不整...     

东海陆架盆地西南部始新世海相沟鞭藻类

本文描述了东海陆架盆地西南部W6-1-1井始新世海相沟鞭藻类24属36种(包括4新种),绿藻1属2种;论述了生物地层特征,建立了两个沟鞭藻组合并讨论了其地质时代、古环境及海侵海退等问题。东海陆架盆地始新统两个沟鞭藻组合基本上代表了一个大的海侵海退过程;海侵导致微体浮游植物的繁盛,并提供了较丰富的生油母质。文中提出下、中始新统的界线应置于温州组下部的灰岩与厚层泥岩之间,即瓯江组上部至温州组下部的灰岩应划归下始新统,温州组的其余地层应划归中始新统。     

东海陆架区更新世晚期沉积的化石藻类组合及其古生态环境分析

东海陆架区更新世晚期沉积为二层陆相层及一层海相层。下部陆相层含盘星藻-双星藻-鼓藻-环纹藻组合,共生的孢粉化石为Abies-Picea-Pinus Cyperaceae-Artemisia孢粉组合,反映当时气候冷湿、海面下降、东海陆架出露成为东海平原,平原上有众多的湖沼分布,其中生长着盘星藻、双星藻、鼓藻、环纹藻等淡水藻类。中部海相层含圆筛藻-硅鞭藻-刺球藻-旋沟藻组合,共生孢粉化石为Pinus-QuercusCupressaceae-Artemisia-Cyperaceae组合,反映气候暖湿、海面回升、发生海侵,东海复被海水淹没,海区生活着各种硅藻和硅鞭藻、刺球藻、旋沟藻。上部陆相层含盘星藻-双星藻-环纹藻-鼓藻组合,共生孢粉化石为Cupressaceae-Pinus-Abies-Gramineae-Artemisia组合,反映冷干气候,海面大幅度下降,东海陆架再度出露成为东海平原,古黄河、长江汇集穿越大陆架而汇入海槽。当时陆架平原景观类似于今日长江下游平原。 根据C~14龄测定与藻类、孢粉化石组合推断,下部陆相层相当晚更新世的武术Ⅰ期,中部海相层相当于武木亚间冰期,上部陆相层相当于武木Ⅱ期。     

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地城子河组下部早白垩世欧特里夫晚期海相沟鞭 …

描述黑龙江省东部西盆地典型的城子河组下部海相层（包括南部带海相层,即原“石河北组”）的沟鞭藻类化石１５属１９种,含１新种和１新组合种。它们可分出两个沟鞭藻组合：Ｏｄｏｎｔｏｃｈｉｔｉｎａ ｏｐｅｒｃｕｌａｔａ－Ｍｕｄｅｒｏｎ－ｇｉａ ｔｅｌｔｒａｃａｎｔｈａ组合（下部）和Ｖｅｓｐｅｏｐｓｉｓ ｚｈａｏｄｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ组合（上部）;讨论沟鞭藻组合的特征及其地质时代,并与国际上有关地层进行对比,认为     

华南白垩纪和早第三纪非海相腹足类化石及其地层意义

本文记述了华南地区白垩纪和早第三纪非海相腹足类化石群,共32属、40种,其中8新属、32新种。根据化石群分布的特点,将本区白垩纪至始新世的腹足类分为七个化石组合,并对化石组合的面貌及其地层时代进行了讨论,对研究华南红层具有重要意义。     

藏南江孜地区古近纪甲查拉组孢粉组合及古环境分析

甲查拉组位于藏南特提斯喜马拉雅北带的江孜盆地,是江孜地区的最高海相地层,被视为新特提斯洋关闭时代的主要证据。通过对甲查拉组剖面的孢粉分析,自下而上划分为3个孢粉组合带:1 Ulmipollenites minor+Ulmoideipites-Myricipites组合带;2 Quercoidites-Caryapollenites组合带;3 Abiespollenites-Betulaceoipollenites+Betulaepollenites组合带。甲查拉组孢粉植物群揭示出其沉积自晚古新世开始,其沉积结束可能延续到早渐新世。推测晚古新世—早始新世为温暖湿润的暖温带或亚热带气候,始新世中晚期为温暖、潮湿的亚热带气候,早渐新世为温和湿润的暖温带气候。     

Palaeogene marine stratigraphy in China

Palaeogene deposits are widespread in China and are potential sequences for locating stage boundaries. Most strata are non‐marine origin, but marine sediments are well exposed in Tibet, the Tarim Basin of Xinjiang, and the continental margin of East China Sea. Among them, the Tibetan Tethys can be recognized as a dominant marine area, including the Indian‐margin strata of the northern Tethys Himalaya and Asian‐margin strata of the Gangdese forearc basin. Continuous sequences are preserved in the Gamba–Tingri Basin of the north margin of the Indian Plate, where the Palaeogene sequence is divided into the Jidula, Zongpu, Zhepure and Zongpubei formations. Here, the marine sequence ranges from Danian to middle Priabonian (66–35 ma), and the stage boundaries are identified mostly by larger foraminiferal assemblages. The Paleocene/Eocene boundary is found between the Zongpu and Zhepure formations. The uppermost marine beds are from the top of the Zongpubei Formation (~35 ma), marking the end of Indian and Asian collision. In addition, the marine beds crop out along both sides of the Yarlong Zangbo Suture, where they show a deeper marine facies, yielding rich radiolarian fossils of Paleocene and Eocene. The Tarim Basin of Xinjiang is another important area of marine deposition. Here, marine Palaeogene strata are well exposed in the Southwest Tarim Depression and Kuqa Depression. They comprise mostly neritic and coastal lagoon facies of the Tethyan realm. Palaeontological evidence suggests that the Paleocene/Eocene boundary here is in middle of the Qimugen Formation. The Tarim Basin was largely drained by Late Oligocene. To the east, the marine offshore Palaeogene strata are widespread in the North Taiwan and East Zhejiang depressions of the continental shelf basin of East China Sea. Abundant fossils including foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils, ostracods, pollen and bivalves occur in the marine environment. Biostratigraphically, the sequence is well correlated with the international planktonic foraminiferal and nannofossil zonations.     

黑龙江省柳树河盆地古近系八虎力组孢粉组合及其时代和古环境意义

黑龙江省东部柳树河盆地古近系八虎力组为一套含油页岩矿床的地层。目前,对其时代的认定还没有确切的古生物学依据,尚存在不同的看法,同时,关于成矿环境的探讨也较薄弱。通过对该套地层开展系统的孢粉学研究,由下向上划分了4个孢粉组合,分别是Quercoidites-Retitricolpites-Retitricolporites组合、Retitricolpites-Retitricolporites组合、Polypodiaceaesporites-Retitricolpites-Retitricolporites组合和Pinuspollenites-Polypodiaceaesporites组合。根据孢粉组合特征,详细讨论了孢粉组合的地质时代,指出八虎力组时代为中始新世至晚始新世。根据孢粉组合的组成情况推测,八虎力组沉积时为亚热带-暖温带温暖湿润气候下的山间盆地环境。在山地高处生长有针、阔叶混交林植被,在低洼处生长有湿地水生植物、蕨类和苔藓类,从而有利于油页岩的形成和保存。温度向上可能有所降低,但幅度并不大。     

Biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Oligo-Miocene succession in Fars and Khuzestan areas (Zagros Basin,SW Iran)

Paleontological and biostratigraphical studies on carbonate platform succession from southwest Iran documented a great diversity of shallow-water benthic foraminifera during the Oligocene–Miocene. Larger foraminifera are the main means for the stratigraphic zonation of carbonate sediments. The distributions of larger benthic foraminifera in two outcrop sections (Abolhayat and Lali) in the Zagros Basin, Iran, are used to determine the age of the Asmari Formation. Four assemblage zones have been recognized by distribution of the larger benthic foraminifera in the study areas. Assemblage 3 (Aquitanian age) and 4 (Burdigalian age) have not been recognized in the Abolhayat section (Fars area), due to sea-level fall. The end Chattian sea-level fall restricted marine deposition in the Abolhayat section and Asmari Formation replaced laterally by the Gachsaran Formation. This suggests that the Miocene part of the formation as recognized in the Lali section (Khuzestan area) of the Zagros foreland basin is not present in the Abolhayat outcrop. The distribution of the Oligocene larger benthic foraminifera indicates that shallow marine carbonate sediments of the Asmari Formation at the study areas have been deposited in the photic zone of tropical to subtropical oceans. Based on analysis of larger benthic foraminiferal assemblages and microfacies features, three major depositional environments are identified. These include inner shelf, middle shelf and outer shelf. The inner shelf facies is characterized by wackestone–packstone, dominated by various taxa of imperforate foraminifera. The middle shelf is represented by packstone–grainstone to floatstone with a diverse assemblage of larger foraminifera with perforate wall. Basinwards is dominated by argillaceous wackestone characterized by planktonic foraminifera and large and flat nummulitidae and lepidocyclinidae. Planktonic foraminifera wackestone is the dominant facies in the outer shelf.     

伊朗卡尚地区古近纪介形类的发现

本文简要报道了发现于伊朗卡尚地区古近系的介形类,计16属6种、8比较种、9未定种及1亲近种。根据介形类化石组合面貌,并结合钙质超微、沟鞭藻和有孔虫化石组合,认为含介形类化石的地层时代为始新世至渐新世,推测其沉积环境为正常浅海大陆架环境,而且为温暖浅海内陆架。     

拉萨地区林周盆地设兴组上部(古近系)年代研究的新进展及意义

拉萨地区林周盆地典中那玛剖面设兴组上部新发现的孢粉组合以落叶、阔叶植物为主体,主要为桦科的Alnipollenites,Betulaepollenites,Carpiniptes,山毛榉科的Quercoidites,胡桃科的Juglanspollenites,榆科的Ulmipollenites,椴科的Tiliapollenites等,孢粉化石多为古近纪常见分子,未发现白垩纪的特征分子。古近纪早期大量出现的三孔沟,网面三孔沟等花粉少量出现;孢粉组合更接近于古近纪中晚期的面貌,其时代可能属于晚始新世。因此,设兴组上部的年代可能是始新世晚期。由此推论,设兴组和林子宗群之间的角度不整合不能代表白垩纪古近纪之间的构造运动,而是代表始新世晚期后的构造运动。同时,林周盆地可能沉积有古近纪的河湖相地层。     

Facies,paleoenvironment, carbonate platform and facies changes across Paleocene Eocene of the Taleh Zang Formation in the Zagros Basin,SW-Iran

The Paleocene–Eocene Taleh Zang Formation of the Zagros Basin is a sequence of shallow-water carbonates. We have studied carbonate platform, sedimentary environments and its changes based on the facies analysis with particular emphasis on the biogenic assemblages of the Late Paleocene Sarkan and Early Eocene Maleh kuh sections. In the Late Paleocene, nine microfacies types were distinguished, dominated by algal taxa and corals at the lower part and larger foraminifera at the upper part. The Lower Eocene section is characterised by 10 microfacies types, which are dominated by diverse larger foraminifera such as alveolinids, orbitolitids and nummulitids. The Taleh Zang Formation at the Sarkan and Maleh kuh sections represents sedimentation on a carbonate ramp.

The deepening trends show a gradual increase in perforate foraminifera, the deepest environment is marked by the maximum occurrence of perforate foraminifers (Nummulites), while the shallowing trends are composed mainly of imperforate foraminifera and also characterised by lack of fossils in tidal flat facies.

Based on the facies changes and platform evolution, three stages are assumed in platform development: I; algal and coralgal colonies (coralgal platform), II; coralgal reefs giving way to larger foraminifera, III; dominance of diverse and newly developing larger foraminifera lineages in oligotrophic conditions.     

天津张贵庄晚二叠世孢粉植物群

天津张贵庄SR13号钻孔原归为石盒子组的地层近顶部发现了丰富的孢粉化石,这一组合兼具上石盒子组和孙家沟组孢粉组合的特征。一方面,它与上石盒子组（特别是其上部）组合有不少共同分子,在蕨类孢子和裸子植物花粉（包括具肋花粉）的含量比例上也可以与之对比,但缺乏一些标志分子。另一方面,在属种组成上,当前组合与已知的孙家沟组合也颇可比较,而且出现了一些中生代色彩的分子。这一组合的揭示与研究有助于提高人们对华北晚二叠世晚期孢粉植物群特征的认识。依据当前组合与已知相关孢粉组合的对比讨论,将其时代定为晚二叠世,并倾向于晚二叠世晚期（对应于孙家沟组）。     

Distribution of calcareous nannoplankton in surface sediments from intertidal and shallow marine regimes of a marginal sea: Jason Bay,South China Sea

The surface sediments collected from the intertidal and shallow marine (0–20 m) regimes of Jason Bay, South China Sea contain calcareous nannoplankton assemblages in whichGephyrocapsa oceanica comprises 99% of the assemblage. The calcareous nannoplankton diversity is very low and the abundance of species tends to increase with both depth and distance offshore and becomes abundant in samples from water depths of 18 m and 20 m.Emiliania huxleyi is absent from all studied samples. The sediments from the intertidal regime contained rare calcareous nannoplankton.