黑龙江省三江盆地206孔早白垩世非海相沟鞭藻组合

描述了三江盆地２０６孔早白垩世非海相沟鞭藻化石，其中２新种。建立１沟鞭藻组合，探讨了含藻类化石层位的地质时代及沉积环境，并据藻类化石赋存情况，推测了盆地有利的生油层段。     

末次冰消期以来巽他陆架孢粉、藻类及其古环境意义

根据南海南部巽他陆坡上的柱状剖面SONNE 18287的高分辨率的藻类和孢粉记录．探讨海平面变化和其反映的古环境．得到往16．513．9kaBP之间．较高的热带低山雨林百分含量和较低的热带低地雨林含量反映了当时仍较低的气温;各类陆相花粉和环纹藻浓度都很高．而沟鞭藻含量很低．说明当时巽他陆架处于低水位环境;13．910．2kaBP期间．热带低山雨林含量的减少和热带低地雨林的增加反映了气温的回升;各类陆相花粉和环纹藻浓度都大大降低．而沟鞭藻含量增加．说明巽他陆架逐渐被淹没;10．27kaiBP热带低山雨林含量的持续减少和热带低地雨林的增加反映了气温继续缓慢回升;花粉浓度的降低说明陆架完全被淹没．花粉的物源区变远,同时环纹藻浓度的略有增加说明此时有淡水注入：7kaBP各类花粉的百分含量相对稳定．说明气温基本稳定．沟鞭藻浓度的突然降低．说明存在一个气候变冷事件使得海平面升高受到抑制．但接下来沟鞭藻浓度又继续回升．指示温度升高．海平面稳定升高。     

山东东营凹陷晚更新世海相沟鞭藻类

本文首次描述山东东营凹陷晚更新世海侵层中的沟鞭藻类化石12种含1亚种1比较种和1新种(Dissiliodinium tuberculatum sp．nov．),归属于6属3科;简要介绍了沟鞭藻组合特征。     

新疆准噶尔盆地芳3井晚白垩世孢粉组合的发现及其地质意义

准噶尔盆地腹部芳3井紫泥泉子组所夹灰色泥岩中产丰富的盘星藻、葡萄藻等藻类、疑源类化石及一定数量的孢粉化石。孢粉化石计75属160种,并首次在新疆地区发现了可靠的鹰粉型化石Aquilapollenites以及在我国主要产于松辽盆地和广东三水盆地上白垩统的“大孢子”化石Balmeisporites,建立Schizaeoisporites grandus-Parcisporites parvisaccus-Liliacidites creticus(GPC)组合。通过对部分孢粉属种已知地质分布的分析以及与国内外部分地区晚白垩世孢粉组合的对比,将GPC组合的时代确定为晚白垩世坎潘期至马斯特里赫特期。根据紫泥泉子组的沉积特点及孢粉组合特征,认为晚白垩世准噶尔盆地应归属西北-东南孢粉植物区,局部层段沉积时期气候比较湿润,孢粉组合具有我国东北孢粉植物区与西北-东南孢粉植物区的过渡特点。     

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地城子河组下部早白垩世欧特里夫晚期海相沟鞭藻类

描述黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地典型的城子河组下部海相层(包括南部条带海相层,即原"石河北组”)的沟鞭藻类化石15属19种,含1新种和1新组合种.它们可分出两个沟鞭藻组合: Odontochitina operculata Muderongia tetracantha组合(下部)和Vesperopsis zhaodongensis组合(上部);讨论沟鞭藻组合的特征及其地质时代,并与国际上有关地层进行对比,认为典型的城子河组下部海相层的时代为Hauterivian晚期.据此,推测城子河组下部,即海相层及其下的地层时代属Valanginian晚期-Hauterivian晚期.     

东海陆架盆地西南部始新世海相沟鞭藻类

本文描述了东海陆架盆地西南部W6-1-1井始新世海相沟鞭藻类24属36种(包括4新种),绿藻1属2种;论述了生物地层特征,建立了两个沟鞭藻组合并讨论了其地质时代、古环境及海侵海退等问题。东海陆架盆地始新统两个沟鞭藻组合基本上代表了一个大的海侵海退过程;海侵导致微体浮游植物的繁盛,并提供了较丰富的生油母质。文中提出下、中始新统的界线应置于温州组下部的灰岩与厚层泥岩之间,即瓯江组上部至温州组下部的灰岩应划归下始新统,温州组的其余地层应划归中始新统。     

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地城子河组下部早白垩世欧特里夫晚期海相沟鞭 …

描述黑龙江省东部西盆地典型的城子河组下部海相层（包括南部带海相层,即原“石河北组”）的沟鞭藻类化石１５属１９种,含１新种和１新组合种。它们可分出两个沟鞭藻组合：Ｏｄｏｎｔｏｃｈｉｔｉｎａ ｏｐｅｒｃｕｌａｔａ－Ｍｕｄｅｒｏｎ－ｇｉａ ｔｅｌｔｒａｃａｎｔｈａ组合（下部）和Ｖｅｓｐｅｏｐｓｉｓ ｚｈａｏｄｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ组合（上部）;讨论沟鞭藻组合的特征及其地质时代,并与国际上有关地层进行对比,认为     

赤道几内亚里奥姆尼盆地K-1井白垩纪生物地层

赤道几内亚境内西部里奥姆尼(Rio Muni)盆地K-1井白垩纪地层含丰富的沟鞭藻类,孢粉,钙质超微和介形类等化石,自下而上可以划分出3个生物组合带,A带含孢粉Classopollis-Cicatricosisporites-Inaperturopollenites-Afropollis组合和介形类Hourcqia,Petrobrasia等,时代属于Aptian—Albian期。B带含孢粉Schizaeoisporites-Ephedripites-Jugella-Tricolpites组合,沟鞭藻类Dinogymnium,Oligosphaeridium,Impletosphaeridium,Florentinia,以及钙质超微化石Eiffelithus eximius,Lithastrinus grillii,Eprolithus moratus等,时代为Cenomanian—Santonian期。C带含孢粉Polypodiaceae-Psophosphaera-Proteacidites-Tricolpopollenites组合,沟鞭藻类Peridiniaceae,Dinogymnium,Tenua,Spiniferites,和钙质超微化石Micula concave,Arkangelskiella cymbiformis等,时代为Campanian—Maastrichtian期。     

黄海表层沉积物的孢粉、藻类组合

黄海是位于我国大陆与朝鲜半岛之间的一个陆架浅海。其表层沉积的孢粉、藻类分布可分为四个孢粉区:1.蒿—藜—禾本科孢粉区;2.松—栎—草本花粉—刺球藻孢粉区;3.松—椭球藻—栎—蕨属—凤尾蕨孢粉区;4.松—栎—凤尾蕨—椭球藻孢粉区。通过整个海区表层沉积的孢粉、藻类研究,着重探讨了:表层沉积孢粉组合和陆缘植被的关系;再沉积孢粉化石与海盆物质来源;刺球藻、椭球藻的分布与水深的关系;硅藻分布与深度、水团的关系;红树植物花粉与海流。     

南海北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷WZ6-X井晚始新世—早中新世孢粉组合及其古环境

对南海北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷WZ6-X井1 460～3 600 m井段80块样品进行了孢粉分析,除少数井段样品外,多数样品孢粉化石均较丰富。共鉴定孢粉80属85种,另见疑源类及沟鞭藻等孢型化石。根据孢粉特征分子和优势属种的分布规律,结合疑源类和藻类的分布特征,将1 460～3 600 m井段划分为4个孢粉组合:1 460～1 490 m为Polypodiaceaesporites-Polypodiisporites usmensis组合,地层时代为早中新世,本组合含较丰富的沟鞭藻化石,指示了滨浅海沉积环境;1 670～2 180 m划分为Quercoidites-Tricolporopollenites-Cupuliferoipollenites组合,时代为晚渐新世,疑源类和盘星藻Pediastrum含量高,揭示沉积环境为沼泽;2 210～3 090 m为Pinuspollenites-Magnastriatites hawardtii组合,时代为早渐新世,含丰富的Pediastrum,指示了湖泊和沼泽环境;3 130～3 600 m为Taxodiaceaepollenites-Alnipollenites-Granodiscus-Leiosphaeridia组合,时代为晚始新世,疑源类丰富,主要为湖泊沉积。     

Facies of a Lower Ordovician carbonate shelf (Mungok Formation: Taebaeksan Basin,Korea)

Summary The lithologic associations within the Lower Ordovician Mungok Formation in Korea define four depositional facies that formed across a continental margin fringing the Sino-Korean block: these facies represent lagoonal/restricted marine, shoal, inner shelf, and outer shelf environments. The stacking pattern of these facies reveals two systems tracts composed of five depositional sequences. The lower highstand systems tract consists of the lagoonal/restricted marine and shoal facies, whereas the upper lowstand systems tract comprises, in ascending order, inner shelf, outer shelf, and inner shelf facies. Three trilobite biofacies are recognized in the Mungok Formation: i.e.,Yosimuraspis, Kainella, andShumardia biofacies in ascending order. TheYosimuraspis Biofacies is dominated byYosimuraspis but also containsJujuyaspis andElkanaspis. The predominance of the endemic eponymous taxon suggests a lagoonal/restricted marine environment. The nearly monotaxicKainella Biofacies, which comprises pandemic genera such asKainella and occasionallyLeiostegium, may represent a less restricted environment than theYosimuraspis Biofacies. TheShumardia Biofacies occurs in the marlstone/shale lithofacies through relatively thick stratigraphic interval and is dominated by cosmopolitan trilobite taxa with some endemic species. The lithofacies and cosmopolitan trilobite assemblage of theShumardia Biofacies indicate that it occupied an outer shelf environment. The vertical succession of lithofacies and trilobite biofacies in the Mungok Formation records in general a shift from a restricted, shallow water environment to deeper-water environment.     

Ammonite habitats in the Early Tithonian of Western Tethys

Cccca, F. 1992 07 15: Ammonite habitats in the Early Tithonian of Western Tethys.
Habitats of Early Tithonian ammonites of Western Tethys are inferred from analysis of faunal spectra, functional morphology. facies characteristics and palaeogeography. Phylloceratina and Lytoceratina are included in a pelagic group characterized by taxa which could reach bathyal depths. This group is very abundant and dominant in some localities. A neritic nektobenthic group, relatively abundant in the Cmbria-Marche Apennines only. is composed of taxa characterired by species bearing simple sutures (some Simoceratidae and Pseudolissoceras ). probably living at shallower depth. The habitat of Haplploceras and some Oppeliidae. is interpreted to be close to the shelf margin/continental slope. Perisphinctids. Aspidoceratidae and some other Oppeliidae are provisionally included in an 'indeterminate' group including deep and shallow taxa. Quantitative studies of assemblage composition and comparison of faunal spectra successions from different pelagic regions allow the characterization of different pelagic environments. Bathymetric hypotheses by means of ammonites are discussed. Z Ammonoidea. habitats. facies, faunal spectra. Jurassic, Tithonian. Tethys .     

La serie continentale de pont d'Aiguines pres de Moustiers-Ste-Marie: Un equivalent lateral du miocene marin du bassin de Digne (Alpes de Haute Provence)

Some similarities of the facies, the continental molluscs and the micromammals assemblage provide Middle Miocene age for the continental outcrop of Aiguines (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, SE France). Previously, this formation was given as Pontian by the authors. Some layers, belonging to a brackish biotop set up the proximity of the miocene shoreline.     

Distribution patterns of diatom surface sediment assemblages in the Laptev Sea (Arctic Ocean)

The modern diatom distribution in the Laptev Sea, Arctic Ocean, was investigated in 89 surface sediment samples. Diatom concentrations are relatively low showing values between 0.01×10⁶ and 6.7×10⁶ valves per gram dry sediment. Based on a factor analysis using seventeen taxa or taxa groups five diatom surface sediment assemblages can be defined: the ice diatom assemblage of the central region of the Laptev Sea, the Chaetoceros assemblage of the eastern and southeastern shelf, the Thalassiosira antarctica assemblage of the continental slope and deep sea, the freshwater diatom assemblage in the vicinity of river mouths and deltas, and the Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii assemblage which shows a patchy occurrence on the central Laptev Sea shelf. The distribution pattern of diatom assemblages in surface sediment is significantly related to oceanographic conditions of surface water masses. The main factors controlling the distribution of diatoms in the Laptev Sea are the riverine freshwater input during the summer which strongly affects the salinity conditions, and the sea-ice extent. Furthermore, the composition of the Thalassiosira antarctica assemblage of the continental slope is largely influenced by dissolution and lateral transport processes.     

Demersal fish diversity of the isolated Rockall plateau compared with the adjacent west coast shelf of Scotland

This study compares the diversity of the demersal fish assemblage of an isolated shelf sea, the Rockall plateau, with that of the nearest adjacent continental shelf sea ecosystem, the west coast of Scotland. Bottom trawl surveys were carried out between 1986 and 2008 on the Rockall plateau and the adjacent shelf sea to the west of Scotland. All demersal fish were identified and counted. Analyses of species richness and abundance were undertaken. The fish assemblage of the Rockall plateau was less diverse and the proportional representation of species was markedly different. A number of species common at Rockall were rare on the west coast shelf and, in general, there were fewer common and temporally stable species and more rare and ephemeral species at Rockall. Some species absent from Rockall have life‐history stages associated with inshore habitat. The Rockall plateau fish assemblage can be described as an impoverished subset of the north‐west European shelf sea fish assemblage. It is likely that there are constraints on diversity imposed by the relatively small area of the Rockall plateau and its degree of isolation by depth, distance and ocean currents. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 104 , 138–147.     

Biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Oligo-Miocene succession in Fars and Khuzestan areas (Zagros Basin,SW Iran)

Paleontological and biostratigraphical studies on carbonate platform succession from southwest Iran documented a great diversity of shallow-water benthic foraminifera during the Oligocene–Miocene. Larger foraminifera are the main means for the stratigraphic zonation of carbonate sediments. The distributions of larger benthic foraminifera in two outcrop sections (Abolhayat and Lali) in the Zagros Basin, Iran, are used to determine the age of the Asmari Formation. Four assemblage zones have been recognized by distribution of the larger benthic foraminifera in the study areas. Assemblage 3 (Aquitanian age) and 4 (Burdigalian age) have not been recognized in the Abolhayat section (Fars area), due to sea-level fall. The end Chattian sea-level fall restricted marine deposition in the Abolhayat section and Asmari Formation replaced laterally by the Gachsaran Formation. This suggests that the Miocene part of the formation as recognized in the Lali section (Khuzestan area) of the Zagros foreland basin is not present in the Abolhayat outcrop. The distribution of the Oligocene larger benthic foraminifera indicates that shallow marine carbonate sediments of the Asmari Formation at the study areas have been deposited in the photic zone of tropical to subtropical oceans. Based on analysis of larger benthic foraminiferal assemblages and microfacies features, three major depositional environments are identified. These include inner shelf, middle shelf and outer shelf. The inner shelf facies is characterized by wackestone–packstone, dominated by various taxa of imperforate foraminifera. The middle shelf is represented by packstone–grainstone to floatstone with a diverse assemblage of larger foraminifera with perforate wall. Basinwards is dominated by argillaceous wackestone characterized by planktonic foraminifera and large and flat nummulitidae and lepidocyclinidae. Planktonic foraminifera wackestone is the dominant facies in the outer shelf.     

东海陆架西南部台北坳陷古近纪孢粉植物群的时空分布

详细叙述东海陆架西南部台北坳陷古近纪不同凹陷区各时期孢粉植物群展布情况。区内古近纪孢粉植物群可分为早古新世、晚古新世、早始新世和中始新世4个发育阶段,早古新世孢粉植物群仅见于坳陷西南的局部地区,称Abietineaepollenities/Cedripites-Parcisporites-Momipites leffingwellii组合,晚古新世孢粉植物群分4种类型,椒江凹陷称Taxodiaceaepollenites-Engelhardtioidites-Momipites leffingwellii组合,丽水-福州凹陷称Taxodiacenepollenites-Myricaceoipollenites-Momipites leffingwellii组合,闽江凹陷南部称Taxodiaceaepollenites-Momipites leffingwellii组合,闽江册陷北部称Lygodiumsporites-Cicatricosisporites dorogensis-Tiliaepollenites-Bombacacidites组合。早始新世孢粉植物群具南北差异,北部以海金沙科和椴科孢粉植物发育为特征,南部以海金沙科、椴科和杨海科孢粉植物群发育为特征,以上均指示为湿热的亚热带气候。中始新世本区孢粉植物群比较一致,称Cicatricosisporties dorogensis-Ephedripites(D)-Nitrariadites组合,指示为受到干旱气候影响的亚热带气候。区内缺失渐新统,故无渐新世孢粉记录。     

Trace fossil associations related to facies of an upper Ordovician low wave energy shoreface and shelf, Oslo-Asker district, Norway

Three trace fossil associations have been identified from facies interpreted as low wave energy upper, middle and lower shoreface deposits, transitional shoreface/shelf deposits and open epicontinental shelf deposits. These were developed in pre-regressive, regressive and transgressive phases associated with eustatic sea level changes caused by the upper Ordovician glaciation. The three associations are the Skolithos-Diplocraterion association, the Diplichnites-Phycodes association and the Thalassinoides association. The Skolithos-Diplocraterion association inhabited upper, middle and lower shoreface environments, the Diplichnites-Phycodes association a lowermost shoreface environment and the Thalassinoides association inhabited offshore epicontinental shelf environmcnts. The Skolithos-Diplocraferion and Diplichnites-Phycodes associations bear strong affinities with previously described Skolithos ichnofacies assemblages (indicating shoreline environments) and the Cruziana ichnofacies forms (indicating shallow water environments down to wave base) respectively. The Thalassinoides assemblage, however, closely compares with assemblages described from Mesozoic epicontinental shelf sequences. Trace fossil diversity achieves a maximum in the lowermost shoreface environment and reduces in deeper water and shallower water environments. This accords with diversity patterns identified in analogous Jurassic epicontinental palaeonvironments. The stratigraphic distribution of some trace fossil association boundaries accords with those of contemporary body fossil associations. However, several body fossil associations are included within the volume of distribution of a single trace fossil assemblage. □ Trace fossil association, shoreface and shelf, Oslo district, upper Ordovician.     

胶州湾表层沉积颗石藻Gephyrocapsa oceanica的分布模式及其与环境的关系

对胶州湾和邻近海域表层沉积中颗石藻Gephyrocapsa oceanica的分布进行初步研究,并提出胶州湾内这个种的分布模式,研究结果表明,该种在胶州湾和邻近海域表层沉积颗石藻组合占绝对优势,几个从属种类Braarodosphaera bigelowill,Syracosphaera histrica,S.lamina和Acantholithus sp.等,在一些样品中稀少,在胶州湾,依据Gephyrocapsa oceanica丰度的变化,自岸向海可以划分三个分布带：向岸常见带,浅水丰富带和深水富集带,这一分布模式与海湾水下地貌有密切的关系,在湾外的近岸海域,该种的分布呈现出与湾内相似的特征。     

Habitat specialization in tropical continental shelf demersal fish assemblages

The implications of shallow water impacts such as fishing and climate change on fish assemblages are generally considered in isolation from the distribution and abundance of these fish assemblages in adjacent deeper waters. We investigate the abundance and length of demersal fish assemblages across a section of tropical continental shelf at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, to identify fish and fish habitat relationships across steep gradients in depth and in different benthic habitat types. The assemblage composition of demersal fish were assessed from baited remote underwater stereo-video samples (n = 304) collected from 16 depth and habitat combinations. Samples were collected across a depth range poorly represented in the literature from the fringing reef lagoon (1-10 m depth), down the fore reef slope to the reef base (10-30 m depth) then across the adjacent continental shelf (30-110 m depth). Multivariate analyses showed that there were distinctive fish assemblages and different sized fish were associated with each habitat/depth category. Species richness, MaxN and diversity declined with depth, while average length and trophic level increased. The assemblage structure, diversity, size and trophic structure of demersal fishes changes from shallow inshore habitats to deeper water habitats. More habitat specialists (unique species per habitat/depth category) were associated with the reef slope and reef base than other habitats, but offshore sponge-dominated habitats and inshore coral-dominated reef also supported unique species. This suggests that marine protected areas in shallow coral-dominated reef habitats may not adequately protect those species whose depth distribution extends beyond shallow habitats, or other significant elements of demersal fish biodiversity. The ontogenetic habitat partitioning which is characteristic of many species, suggests that to maintain entire species life histories it is necessary to protect corridors of connected habitats through which fish can migrate.