有机体之间化学相互作用的研究及其应用

有机体之间化学相互作用的研究及其应用宋启示（中国科学院昆明生态研究所,６５０２２３）ＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＩｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎＡｍｏｎｇＯｒｇａｎｉｓｍｓａｎｄＴｈｅｉｒＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ￥ＳｏｎｇＱｉｓｈｉ（ＫｕｎｍｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＥｃｏｌｏ－ｇｙ,ＡｃａｄｅｍｉａＳｉｎｉｃａ６５０２２３）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（１）：４５－４８。Ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｒｅｖｉｅｗｓｔｈｅｍｏｓｔａｃｔｉｖｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｆｉｅｌｄｓｏｎｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎａｍｏｎｇｏｒｇａｎｉｓｍｓ：（１）ａｌｌｅｌｏｐａ－ｔｈｙａｍｏｎｇｐｌａｎｔｓ,ｗｈｉｃｈｉｓｗｉｄｅｌｙａｐｐｌｉｅｄｉｎａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｎｄｈｏｒｔｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ,（２）ｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎｂｅ－ｔｗｅｅｎｐｌａｎｔｓａｎｄｉｎｓｅｃｔｓ,（３）ｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎａｍｏｎｇｉｎｓｅｃｔｓａｎｄ（４）ｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎａｍｏｎｇｍａｍｍａｌｓａｎｄｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｍａｍｍａｌｓａｎｄｐｌａｎｔｓ．Ｉｎａｄｄｉｔ     

云南省虫六新种（目：亚目）

本文报道了采自云南省地表枯枝落叶层的目　６新种,隶属６科６属,分别是褐带单烟Ｃａｅｃｉｌｉｉｕｓｓｐａｄｌｃｉｔａｅｎｓｉｓ（单科Ｃａｅｃｉｌｉｉｄａｅ）,褐痣塔　Ｔａｇａｌｏｐｓｏｃｕｓ　ｐｈａｅｏｓｔｉｇｍｕｓ（双科Ａｍｐｈｉｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）,双钩外　Ｅｃｔｏｐｓｏｃｕｓｂｉｕｎｎｃｉａｌｉｓ（外科Ｅｃｔｏｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）,中斑围　Ｐｅｒｉｐｓｏｃｕｓｍｅｄｉｍａｃｕｌａｒｉｓ（围　科Ｐｅｒｉｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）,小头触　Ｐｓｏｃｏｃｅｒａｓｔｉｓｃａｐｉｔｕｌａｔｉｓ（　科Ｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）及单钩苔鼠　Ｌｉｃｈｅｎｏｍｉｍａｈａｍａｔａ（鼠　科Ｍｙｏｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）。模式标本保存于北京农业大学昆虫标本馆。文中量度单位为ｍｍ。     

我国新担子菌类补遗

在研究甘肃、四川、云南的担子菌类时发现如下４新种：云南地红菇（ＭａｃｏｗａｎｉｔｅｓｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＺａｎｇ）,属红菇科（Ｒｕｓｕｌａｃｅａｅ）,地红菇属（ＭａｃｏｗａｎｉｔｅｓＫａｌｃｈｂｒ．）系我国新记录;松针锈耳（ＣｒｅｐｉｄｏｔｕｓｐｉｎｉｃｏｌａＺａｎｇ）绣耳科（Ｃｒｅｐｉｄｏｔａｃｅａｅ）;蛇盖条孢牛肝菌（ＢｏｌｅｔｅｌｕｓｓｅｒｐｅｎｔｉｐｉｌｅｕｓＺａｎｇｅｔＹｕａｎ）,属松塔牛肝菌［疣孢牛肝菌科］（Ｓｔｒｏｂｉｌｏｍｙｃｏｔａｃｅａｅ）;喜杉绒盖牛肝菌（ＸｅｒｏｃｏｍｕｓｐｉｃｅｉｃｏｌａＺａｎｇｅｔＹｕａｎ）,属牛肝菌科（Ｂｏｌｅｔａｃｅａｅ）;长柄灰包（ＬｙｃｏｐｅｒｄｏｎｌｏｎｇｉｓｔｉｐｕｍＺａｎｇｅｔＹｕａｎ）,属灰包科（Ｌｙｃｏｐｅｒｄａｃｅａｅ）。     

沈阳水资源保护与水质管理

沈阳水资源保护与水质管理李秀鸿（沈阳环境科学研究所,１１０００５）ＷａｔｅｒＲｅｓｏｕｒｃｅＣｏｎｓｃｒｖａｎｃｙａｎｄＷａｔｅｒＱｕａｌｉｔｙＣｏｎｔｒｏｌｉｎＳｈｅｎｙａｎｇ￥ＬｉＸｉｏｕｈｏｎｇ（ＳｈｅｎｙａｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｓｃｉｅｉｌｃｅ,１１０００５）．（ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（５）：４５－４８。Ｔｈｅｏｖｅｒａｌｌａｎｄｌｏｎｇｔｅｒｍｉｍｐａｃｔｓｏｆｗａｔｅｒｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｈｏｒｔａｇｅａｎｄｗａｔｅｒｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｎｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｄｅｖｅｌｏｐ－ｍｅｎｔ,ｈｕｍａｎｌｉｆｅａｎｄｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｉｎＳｈｅｎｙａｎｇａｒｅｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄｉｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ．Ｉｔｉｓｐｏｉｎｔｅｄｏｕｔｔｈａｔｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｓｏｌｖｅｔｈｅｓｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ,ａｒｅａｓｏｎａｂｌｅｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｐｏｌｉｃｙａｎｄｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｍｕｓｔｂｅａｄｏｐｔｅｄｉｎｃｏｍｂｉｎｉｎｇｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔａｎｄＣｏｎｓｅｒｖａｎｃｙｏｆｅｘｉｓｔｉｎ     

架棚中酚类化合物的研究

从架棚（ＣｅｒａｔｏｓｔｉｇｍａｍｉｎｕｓＳｔａｐｆｅｘＰｒａｉｎ）的乙酸乙酯部分分离得到１４个酚类化合物。经波谱技术,特别是２ＤＮＭＲ技术鉴定,其中化合物ｐｌｕｍｂｏｃａｔｅｃｈｉｎｓＡ（１）和Ｂ（２）为新化合物。其他１２个化合物被分别鉴定为ｐｌｕｍｂｏｌａｃｔｏｎｅＡ（３）、ｐｌｕｍｂａｂｉｃａｃｉｄ（４）、ｉｓｏｓｈｉｎａｎｏｌｏｎｅ（５）、ｅｐｉｓｏｓｈｉｎａｎｏｌｏｎｅ（６）、Ｎｔｒａｎｓｃａｆｅｏｙｌｔｙｒａｍｉｎｅ、Ｎｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｕｌｏｙｌｔｙｒａｍｉｎｅ、ａｐｏｃｙｎｉｎ、ｖａｎｉｌｉｃａｃｉｄ、ｓｙｒｉｎｇｉｃａｃｉｄ、ｇａｌｏｃａｔｅｃｈｉｎ、（＋）ｃａｔｅｃｈｉｎ和１,２,６ｔｒｉＯｇａｌｏｙｌｇｌｕｃｏｓｅ。     

湖南小毛瓢虫属三新种记述(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)

本文记述小毛瓢虫属Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ　Ｋｕｇｅｌａｎｎ小瓢虫亚属Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ）Ｍｕｌｓａｎｔ三新种：枝角小瓢虫Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ）ｃｌａｄｏｃｅｒｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,鞭丝小瓢虫Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ）ｍａｓｔｉｇｏｉｄｅｓ　ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,肾斑小瓢虫Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ）ｎｅｐｈｒｏｓｐｉｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

生态学的精神价值

生态学的精神价值陈清硕（江苏农学院扬州２２５００１）ＳｐｉｒｉｔｕａｌＶａｌｕｅｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ￥．ＣｈｅｎＱｉｎｇｓｈｕｏ（ＪｉａｎｇｓｕＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＣｏｌｌｅｇｅ,Ｙａｎｇｚｈｏｕ２２５００１）：ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（３）：６８－７２．Ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｓｔｈｅｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｅｃｏｌｏｇｙｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｏｆｓｏｃｉａｌｉｄｅｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄｃｉｖｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ．Ｅｃｏｌｏｇｙｈｅｌｐｓｂｒｉｎｇｉｎｔｏｂｅｉｎｇｔｈｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆａｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃｗｏｒｌｄｏｕｔｌｏｏｋａｎｄｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｔｈｅｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｃｏｎｓｃｉｏｕｓ－ｎｅｓｓｏｆｍａｎｋｉｎｄ．Ｉｔａｌｓｏｓｕｐｐｌｉｅｓａｔｏｔａｌｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔａｌｐｏｉｎｔｏｆｖｉｅｗｆｏｒｔｈｅｓｏｃｉｅｔｙａｎｄｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓａｇｒｅａｔａｅｓｔｈｅｔｉｃｖａｌｕｅ．Ｔｈｅｓｐｉｒｉｔｕａｌｖａｌｕｅｏｆｅｃｏｌｏｇｙｓｈｏｕｌｄｎｅｖｅｒｂｅｎｅｇｌｅｃｔｅｄ．Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：ｓｏｃｉａｌｅｃｏｌｏｇｙ,ｅｃｏｌ     

最大概率原理在农田生态系统中的应用

最大概率原理在农田生态系统中的应用姚建民（山西省农科院农业资源综合考察研究所,太原０３０００６）马蓉丽（山西省农科院蔬菜研究所,太原０３０００６）ＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＭａｘｉｍｕｍＰｒｏｂａｂｉｌｉｔｙＰｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｉｎＦａｒｍｌａｎｄＥｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍ￥．ＹａｏＪｉａｎｍｉｎ（ＩｎｓｌｉｌｕｔｅｆｏｒＣｏｍ－ｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅＳｕｒｖｅｙｏｆＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＲｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ,ＳｈａｎｘｉＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ,Ｔａｉｙｕａｎ０３０００６）,ＭａＲｏｎｇｌｉ（ＩｎｓｌｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＶｅｇｅｔａｂｌｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｇｈ,ＳｈａｎｘｉＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ,Ｔａｉｙｕａｎ（０３０００６）．Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ,ＪｐｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（４）：５８－６０．Ｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｅｎｔｈｅｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｍａｘｉｍｕｍｐｒｏｂａｂｉｌｉｔｙｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅ,ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｇｉｖｅｓｏｕｔｓｏｍｅｅｓ－ｓｅｎｔｉａｌｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓｎｅｅｄｅｄｆｏｒａｐｐｌｙｉｎｇｔｈ     

洞庭湖滩血吸虫易感地带保水生态灭螺的试验研究

洞庭湖滩血吸虫易感地带保水生态灭螺的试验研究张元培,朱南屏（湖南省水产科学研究所沅江４１３１００）（湖南省华容县血防站４１４２００）ＥｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＥＩｉｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆＳｎａｉｌ（Ｏｎｃｏｍｅｌａｎｉａ）ｂｙＲｃｔａｉｎｉｎｇＷａｔｅｒｉｎＢｌｏｏｄＦｌｕｋｅ（Ｓｃｈｉｓｔｏｓｏｍａ）Ｓｕｓｃｅｐｔｉ－ｂｌｅＲｅｇｉｏｎｓＡｒｏｕｎｄＤｏｎｇｔｉｎｇＬａｋｅ￥．ＺｈａｎｇＹｕａｎｐｅｉ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＦｉｓｈｅｒｉｅｓＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｆＨｕｎａｎＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ,Ｙｕａｎｊｉａｎｇ４１３１００）,ＺｈｕＮａｎｂｉｎｇ（ＳｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆＳｎａｉｌＦｅｖｅｒＣｏｎｔｒｏｌｏｆＨｕａｒｏｎｇＣｏｕｎｔｙ,ＨｕｎａｎＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ,４１４２００）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（３）：２３－２５．Ｉｎｂｌｏｏｄｆｌｕｋｅ（Ｓｃｈｉｓｔｏｓｏｍａ）ｓｕｓｃｅｐｔｉｂｌｅｒｅｇｉｏｎｓｏｆｔｈｅｌａｋｅｂｅａｃｈ,ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓｏｆｗａｔｅｒｉｎｕｎｄａｔｅｄｅｌｉｍｉ－ｎａｔｉｎｇｓｎａｉｌ（Ｏｎｃｏｍｅｌａｎｉａ）ａｒｅｃａｒｒｉｅｄｏｕｔｂｙｂｕｉｌ     

集约高产过程中土壤有机质动态初探

集约高产过程中土壤有机质动态初探崔玉亭,韩纯儒（北京农业大学,１０００９４）ＤｙｎａｍｉｃｓｏｆＳｏｉｌＯｒｇａｎｉｃＭａｔｔｅｒ（ＳＯＭ）ｉｎｔｈｅＰｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＩｎｔｅｎｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ￥．ＣｕｉＹｕｔｉｎｇ;ＨａｎＣｈｕｎｒｕ（ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ,１０００９４）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（２）：３７—３８．Ｉｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ,ｔｈｅｂａｌａｎｃｅｏｆｓｏｉｌｏｒｇａｎｉｃｍａｔｔｅｒ（ＳＯＭ）ｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｉｎＣｈａｎｇｚｈｏｕｒｅｇｉｏｎｉｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｄａｎｄａｍｅｄｉｕｍ－ａｎｄｌｏｎｇ－ｔｅｒｍｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｉｔｓｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓｉｓｍａｄｅ。Ｔｈｅｒｅ－ｓｕｌｔｓｓｈｏｗｔｈａｔｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｉｓｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ,ｔｈｅｂａｌａｎｃｅｏｆＳＯＭｉｓｇｅｔｔｉｎｇｂｅｔｔｅｒ,ａｎｄａｆｔｅｒａｍｅｄｉｕｍｏｒｌｏｎｇｐｅ－ｒｉｏｄ（ｅ．ｇ,１０—２０ｙｅａｔｓ）,ｔｈｅＳＯＭｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｃａｎｇｅｔｔ     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细