生物大分子功能的研究：酵母甘露聚糖对8.2Gy^60Coγ—射线辐照？…

目的：为了解酵母甘露聚糖对小鼠辐射损伤的保护作用。方法：６０Ｃｏγ－射线以８．２Ｇｙ照射６０只小鼠,雌雄各半,其中３０只在辐照前１０分钟腹腔注４００ｍｇＭａｎ／ｋｇ,另３０只注射生理盐水。结果：从比较研究项目,鼠的存活率,成活天数;４０天体重的动态变化;外同血ＷＢＣ、ＲＢＣ及ＰＬＴ及脾指数等的数值差异上,均显示酸母甘露聚糖对＾６０Ｃｏγ－射线辐射损伤有保护作用,同时也发现该保护作用存在性别２敏感性     

酵母金属硫蛋白对g12细胞抗γ射线损伤的作用

用胞质阻断法微核试验和单细胞凝胶电泳法检测酵母金属硫蛋白（ＢＤ１０１－Ｃｕ－ＭＴ）对＾６０Ｃｏ－γ射线诱发的ｇ１２细胞微核形成和ＤＮＡ链断裂的影响。结果表明１０和５０μｇ／ｍｌ ＤＢ１０１ Ｃｕ－ＭＴ处理,对１或３Ｇｙγ射诱发的双核微核细胞率和１Ｇｙγ射线诱发的彗星细胞频率及核ＤＮＡ迁移距离的增加有明显的抑制作用。提示酵母金属硫蛋白对γ线诱发ｇ１２细胞的遗传损伤有扣抗作用。     

EMS和^60Co对海甘蓝种子萌发及其M1代农艺性状的影响

用ＥＭＳ及＾６０Ｃｏ处理海甘蓝种子,对其萌发种子细胞内呼吸代谢有明显的影响。低浓度的ＥＭＳ或低剂量的＾６０Ｃｏ刺激呼吸,可提高抗坏血酸氧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性,促进种子的萌发和幼苗的生长。较高剂量的ＥＭＳ和＾６０Ｃｏ抑制呼吸,与之有关的抗坏血酸氧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性,种子发芽势和发芽率、幼苗生长高度和根系活力等随之下降,用不同剂量的ＥＭＳ和＾６０Ｃｏ处理海甘蓝种子,对Ｍ１代的产量和抗病性等有一定     

碱性脂肪酶产生菌扩展青霉W—1382的诱变育种

以扩展青毒（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｕｍｅｘｐａｎｓｕｍ）Ｓ－１４作为出发菌株,分别比较ＵＶ、Ｃｏ６０－γ射线、ＮＴＧ单因子的诱变效应和以ＮＴＧ、Ｃｏ６０－γ射线、ＵＶ＋ＮＴＧ作为诱变剂及自然分离在内四代的诱变育种。单因子诱变剂最适剂量分别为ＵＶ１５０ｓ,Ｃｏ６０－γ射线４８０００ｒａｄ,ＮＴＧ３００μｇ／ｍｌ８０ｍｉｎ,比较诱变效果表明：ＮＴＧ最佳,Ｃｏ６０－γ射线次之,ＵＶ较差;连续三代诱变各代诱变剂及剂量分别为ＮＴＧ３００μｇ／ｍｌ１００ｍｉｎ,Ｃｏ６０－γ射线２００００ｒａｄ,ＵＶ３０ｓ＋ＮＴＧ１５０μｇ／ｍｌ,４０ｍｉｎ。复合处理比单因子处理效果好。实验中选育成功高产酶变株Ｗ－１３８２,结合自然分离和诱变育种,其酶活力较出发菌株提高了５３．６％。     

^60Co—r射线辐射番茄种子对其生理生化影响的研究

用＾６０Ｃｏ－ｒ射线辐射番茄种子,观察辐射种子发芽率、根尖细胞有丝分裂、减数分裂及过氧化物酶同工酶的影响。实验结果表明：辐射剂量１０－２０ｋｒａｄ范围内,种子发芽率最高,有丝分裂畸变率最高,畸变类型最丰富,对减数分裂的抑制小,过氧化物酶同工酶活性最高。     

原料药γ辐照灭活细菌内毒素初探

本文用６个剂量的＾６０Ｃｏ－γ射线辐照含有大肠杆菌内毒素的甘露醇、葡萄糖、甲硝唑原料药,并用家兔法和鲎试剂法检验细菌内毒素的活性变化。结果表明,γ辐照能有效地消除原料药中细菌内毒素的生理活性。     

罗布麻（药）茶辐照灭菌研究

＾６０Ｃｏ－γ射线处理罗布麻茶,既可有效杀灭茶叶中的细菌又能保持其风味和药效。研究表明;６ＫＧｙ可作为灭菌工艺的最佳参考剂量。依此剂量批量处理的罗布麻茶,不仅灭菌彻底,而且主要成份无明显的变化。     

酵母金属硫蛋白对酵母和小鼠抗γ射线损伤的作用

酿酒酵母ＢＤ１０１菌株的金属硫蛋白能清除羟基自由基,含金属硫蛋白的酵母菌有拮抗＾６０Ｃｏγ射线的作用。用计数血液中血小板（ＰＬＴ）、白细胞（ＷＢＣ）变化来研究酵母Ｃｕ－ＭＴ在小鼠γ射线损伤中的作用。结果表明,该菌Ｃｕ－ＭＴ对ＰＬＴ降低的改善和回升有作用,但未观察到其对ＷＢＣ总数变化的影响,提示酿酒酵母Ｃｕ－ＭＴ在临床放射病治疗和放疗后抗出血方面有良好的应用前景。     

不同诱变因素对小麦性状的影响

以粉质、中杆、无芒小麦辐３６为材料，分别用Ｎ２激光、氮离子注入和＾６０Ｃｏγ射线三种诱变因素处理，对第二代植株高度有影响，经前二者处理的对株高有提高趋势，氮离子注入的，二代出现高杆植株占７２．６％，１焦耳Ｎ２激光处理的在二代中有４５．５％是高杆。＾６０Ｃｏγ射线处理的Ｍ２株高明显变矮，７９ｃｍ以下的单株占总株数中４６．３％；在芒性变异上出现顶芒和长芒类型，处理间诱变效果顺序为γ射线〉１焦耳Ｎ２激光     

利用花粉辐射诱发普通小麦与大赖草染色体易位的研究

将小麦－大赖草Ｌｒ．２和Ｌｒ．１４染色体二体异附加系９４Ｇ１５和９４Ｇ４５即将成熟花粉经＾６０Ｃｏ－γ射线辐射处理,然后分别给普通小麦品种扬麦５号和绵阳１１授粉。辐射Ｍ１的ＰＭＣ ＭＩ期染色体Ｇｉｅｍｓａ Ｃ－分带和基因组ＤＮＡ荧光原位杂交处理后进行染色体配对分析,从１７株Ｍ１单株中筛选到５株ＰＭＣ ＭＩ期大赖草染色体与小麦配对的个体。根据这５株单株自交Ｍ２种子根尖细胞有丝分裂中期染色体Ｃ－分带和     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

棉铃虫钙粘蛋白N端多肽多克隆抗体制备及对Bt抗性的初步检测

用重组表达的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)中肠钙粘蛋白N端多肽片段制备兔多克隆抗体,并利用其对Bt抗性进行鉴定。通过RT-PCR方法对棉铃虫中肠钙粘蛋白N端多肽的基因片段Cad285进行PCR扩增,将其克隆到pET-30a原核表达载体中,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导表达,得到35ku的重组融和蛋白,融合表达的包涵体经过变性、Ni-NTA柱亲和纯化、复性等方法处理包涵体,获得可溶性纯化蛋白,用纯化后蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备多克隆抗体,ELISA检测其效价高于1∶16000;利用最终获得的多克隆抗体对室内纯合Bt抗/感品系的棉铃虫中肠钙粘蛋白进行Western blot分析,结果显示敏感和抗性品系之间有明显差异,表明其能够应用对Bt抗性进行初步检测。