Experimental study on the treatment of intracerebral glioma xenograft with human cytokine-induced killer cells

Objective. To investigate the phenotype changes and proliferation activities of cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs) and lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAKs) from healthy donor, and the cytotoxicities of CIKs and LAKs to human in vitro glioma cell lines U251 and U87. Therapy of CIK intratumoral injection was evaluated in nude mouse models. Methods. CIK cells were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy donors with multiple cytokines. Phenotype analysis of CIKs and LAKs was performed with flow cytometer (FCM). The specific cytotoxicities of CIKs and LAKs against cell line U251 and U87 were determined by LDH method. After intracerebral injection of CIKs, the distribution of CIKs and the inflammatory reaction of their surrounding brain tissue were observed through continuous pathological sections. In vivo anti-tumor activity of CIKs was evaluated in athymic nude mice with intracerebral xenotransplanted U251 glioma by MRI. Results. Amount of CIKs was increased (49.83+/-2.04) times and double positive cells, CD3(+)/CD56(+) cells, were increased from (3.36+/-1.85%) to (44.07+/-14.14%) with elevated absolute amount over 1000 times after 2 week culture. In vitro experiments demonstrated that compared with LAK, CIKs possessed more obvious cytotoxic activity to U251 and U87. In vivo experiments showed that there was no severe inflammatory reaction in brain tissue. CIKs can markedly inhibit intracranial xenotransplanted glioma growth by intracranial injection (P<0.01). Conclusion. CIKs are a kind of highly effective immune cells which have a strong suppressive effect on growth for in vitro and in vivo glioma. Local injection of CIKs does not produce severe damage to normal brain tissue and is likely to be used in clinical adoptive immunotherapy of intracerebral glioma.     

LRRC4 inhibits the proliferation of human glioma cells by modulating the expression of STMN1 and microtubule polymerization

LRRC4 is a tumor suppressor of glioma, and it is epigenetically inactivated commonly in glioma. Our previous study has shown that induction of LRRC4 expression inhibits the proliferation of glioma cells. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the action of LRRC4 in glioma cells. We employed two-dimensional fluorescence differential gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) and MALDI -TOF/TOF-MS/MS to identify 11 differentially expressed proteins, including the significantly down-regulated STMN1 expression in the LRRC4-expressing U251 glioma cells. The levels of STMN1 expression appeared to be positively associated with the pathogenic degrees of human glioma. Furthermore, induction of LRRC4 over-expression inhibited the STMN1 expression and U251 cell proliferation in vitro, and the glioma growth in vivo. In addition, induction of LRRC4 or knockdown of STMN1 expression induced cell cycle arrest in U251 cells, which was associated with modulating the p21, cyclin D1, and cyclin B expression, and the ERK phosphorylation, and inhibiting the CDK5 and cdc2 kinase activities, but increasing the microtubulin polymerization in U251 cells. LRRC4, at least partially by down-regulating the STMN1expression, acts as a major glioma suppressor, induces cell cycle arrest and modulates the dynamic process of microtubulin, leading to the inhibition of glioma cell proliferation and growth. Potentially, modulation of LRRC4 or STMN1 expression may be useful for design of new therapies for the intervention of glioma.     

骨桥蛋白RNA干扰对人U251胶质瘤细胞在裸鼠体内生长的影响

研究下调骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)对人U251胶质瘤细胞在裸鼠体内生长的影响并探讨其对胶质瘤生长、侵袭的可能机制.应用RNA干扰技术,将OPN基因的慢病毒干扰载体LV-OPNshRNA感染U251细胞.将对照和试验组U251细胞分别接种裸鼠,建立裸鼠荷瘤模型.3周后测量肿瘤的体积、瘤重并做肿瘤组织病理切片分析;利用RT-PCR和免疫印迹法检测OPN、尿激酶型纤维蛋白酶原激活物(uPA)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-2、MMP-9)的mRNA和蛋白表达;免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织微血管密度和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达情况. 经OPN的RNA干扰后,能显著降低肿瘤组织OPN mRNA水平及蛋白表达,有效抑制肿瘤细胞生长及侵袭能力, 肿瘤体积及重量的减小有统计学意义(P<0.05).感染组uPA、MMP-2和MMP-9的mRNA和蛋白表达明显减少, 肿瘤组织的MVD值和VEGF的表达均显著降低.上述结果表明,抑制OPN的表达能明显抑制人U251胶质瘤细胞在裸鼠体内的生长和侵袭,OPN可能通过激活uPA、MMP-2和MMP-9等蛋白酶降解细胞外基质和促进肿瘤血管生成,参与胶质瘤的生长.     

紫草素对人脑胶质瘤U251 细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:观察紫草素对体外培养的人脑胶质瘤U251细胞的增殖和凋亡的影响。方法:应用MTT法和Annexin V-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术分别检测2.5、5、10μM/L的紫草素对U251细胞的体外抑杀作用以及凋亡诱导作用,进一步应用Western blot方法检测紫草素对凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2及Bax表达水平的影响。结果:紫草素对人U251胶质瘤细胞具有明显的增殖抑制作用,且呈一定的剂量依赖性和时间依赖性。紫草素可明显上调U251细胞Bax的表达,下调Bcl-2的表达,与对照组相比存在显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:紫草素对人胶质瘤U251细胞具有明显的抑制增殖和促进凋亡作用。     

Ad-IL-24对人胶质瘤细胞生长抑制效应的体外实验

研究携带人白介素24(IL-24)的腺病毒表达载体(Ad-IL-24)对人U251胶质瘤细胞生长的影响和抗肿瘤分子机制。将不同MOI Ad-IL-24感染U251人胶质瘤细胞后, MTT法检测Ad-IL-24对U251细胞生长的抑制作用, 流式细胞仪和Hochest 染色法检测细胞的凋亡率。RT-PCR检测bcl-2、bax、ICE、C-myc、HIF-1a和p53等基因的转录表达水平, Western blotting检测Cleaved Caspase-3的表达。结果表明100 MOI Ad-IL-24感染U251细胞后能明显抑制细胞生长, 并能明显诱导细胞凋亡, 感染72 h后细胞凋亡率可达42%, 感染4 d后细胞生长抑制率可达50%。RT-PCR检测发现Ad-IL-24能引起与细胞凋亡和血管形成相关基因bax/bcl-2、ICE、C-myc、p53的上调和HIF-1a的下调, 并促进Caspase-3的活化。本研究结果显示Ad-IL-24能明显抑制人胶质瘤细胞U251生长和诱导细胞凋亡, 其抗肿瘤机制可能与通过bax/ bcl-2、ICE、c-myc、p53的上调和HIF-1a的下调, 进而导致Caspase-3的活化而诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡有关。     

Induction of G1 Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Glioma Cells by Salinomycin Through Triggering ROS-Mediated DNA Damage In Vitro and In Vivo

Chemotherapy has always been one of the most effective ways in combating human glioma. However, the high metastatic potential and resistance toward standard chemotherapy severely hindered the chemotherapy outcomes. Hence, searching effective chemotherapy drugs and clarifying its mechanism are of great significance. Salinomycin an antibiotic shows novel anticancer potential against several human tumors, including human glioma, but its mechanism against human glioma cells has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrated that salinomycin treatment time- and dose-dependently inhibited U251 and U87 cells growth. Mechanically, salinomycin-induced cell growth inhibition against human glioma was mainly achieved by induction of G1-phase arrest via triggering reactive oxide species (ROS)-mediated DNA damage, as convinced by the activation of histone, p53, p21 and p27. Furthermore, inhibition of ROS accumulation effectively attenuated salinomycin-induced DNA damage and G1 cell cycle arrest, and eventually reversed salinomycin-induced cytotoxicity. Importantly, salinomycin treatment also significantly inhibited the U251 tumor xenograft growth in vivo through triggering DNA damage-mediated cell cycle arrest with involvement of inhibiting cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The results above validated the potential of salinomycin-based chemotherapy against human glioma.     

RNA interference targeting protein tyrosine phosphatase zeta/receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase beta suppresses glioblastoma growth in vitro and in vivo

The protein tyrosine phosphatase zeta/receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase beta (PTPzeta/RPTPbeta) and its ligand pleiotrophin (PTN) are overexpressed in human glioblastomas. Both molecules are involved in neuronal cell migration during CNS development. In addition, PTN can induce glioma cell migration which is at least in part mediated through binding to PTPzeta/RPTPbeta. To study the relevance of this ligand-receptor pair for glioma growth in vitro and in vivo, we transfected the human glioblastoma cell line U251-MG with small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against PTPzeta/RPTPbeta. Stable siRNA transfection resulted in strong down-regulation of PTPzeta/RPTPbeta expression. When injected subcutaneously into nude mice, clones that expressed normal levels of PTPzeta/RPTPbeta (PTPzeta + clones) formed exponentially growing tumours, whereas tumour growth was almost completely abrogated for clones that expressed reduced PTPzeta/RPTPbeta levels (PTPzeta - clones). Similar results were obtained using an orthotopic intracerebral model. Proliferation of PTPzeta - cells in vitro was significantly reduced compared with that of control clones. Matrix-immobilized PTN stimulated the proliferation of PTPzeta + cells but not of PTPzeta - cells. Haptotactic migration induced by PTN was reduced for PTPzeta - clones compared with control clones. Our findings suggest that antagonization of PTPzeta/RPTPbeta expression can inhibit glioma growth in vivo and may thus represent a potentially promising treatment strategy.     

藏红花素诱导人胶质瘤U251细胞内质网应激性凋亡的研究

目的：研究藏红花素对人胶质瘤U251细胞的促凋亡作用和可能的机制。方法：不同浓度藏红花素处理U251细胞后,MTT法检测细胞活力,TUNEL染色观察细胞凋亡情况。结果：①藏红花素显著抑制U251细胞的增殖,并诱导其发生凋亡。②藏红花素增加了U251细胞胞浆内钙离子的含量,并上调了内质网分子伴侣GRP78的表达。③藏红花素处理后的U251细胞内质网相关凋亡分子CHOP,Caspase-4,JNK活性明显增高。结论：藏红花素通过诱导内质网应激性凋亡抑制人胶质瘤U251细胞的增殖。     

Generation of human innate immune responses towards membrane macrophage colony stimulating factor (mM-CSF) expressing U251 glioma cells within immunodeficient (NIH-nu/beige/xid) mice

The response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to cloned human HLA-A2+ U251 glioma cells (U251-2F11/TK) expressing membrane macrophage colony stimulating factor (mM-CSF) was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Enriched human monocytes derived from cancer patients produced a respiratory burst following 20min of interaction with mM-CSF expressing U251 glioma cells. This respiratory burst response was not observed in the enriched human monocytes following similar exposure to the viral vector control U251 (U251-VV) cells. Reactive oxygen species such as H(2)O(2) and HOCl produced death of the U251 cells. The U251-2F11/TK cells failed to grow in severely compromised combined immunodeficient (NIH-bg-nu-xidBR) mice that were depleted of murine monocyte/macrophages then reconstituted with human HLA-A2+ PBMC. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were produced by PBMC, both in vitro and in vivo in response tomM-CSF expressing U251 cells. U251-2F11/TK cells failed to form subcutaneous tumors in macrophage depleted mice reconstituted with human PBMC; whereas, progressive growth of such tumors was observed with the U251-VV cells. U251-2F11/TK tumors formed if the initial inoculums of PBMC were depleted of monocytes. From this work it can be concluded that mM-CSF transduced U251-2F11/TK glioma cells can safely stimulate human innate immune responses in vivo.     

Kv1.5通道蛋白参与人脑胶质瘤细胞的自噬

脑胶质瘤是原发性颅内恶性肿瘤。患者的5年存活率不足1%。目前,除手术切除外,尚无有效的治疗手段。近年来发现,脑胶质瘤发病可能与多种钾离子通道的异常表达有关。自噬是膜包裹部分胞质和细胞内需降解的蛋白质、细胞器,并与溶酶体一起降解其所包裹内容物的生理过程。诱导胶质瘤细胞的自噬,促进其凋亡是肿瘤治疗的一种新策略。本室前期研究发现,电压依赖型钾通道1.5(Kv1.5)参与胞膜小窖标志蛋白质(caveolae,Cav-1)介导的多种肿瘤细胞的增殖和凋亡,但是否参与胶质瘤细胞的自噬并不清楚。本文首先利用不同浓度的K+通道阻断剂四乙胺(tetra-ethylammonium,TEA)、Kv通道阻断剂四氨基吡啶(4-amino-pyridine,4-AP)和Kv1.5通道特异性阻断剂DPO-1(diphenyl phosphine oxide-1)分别在不同时间,作用于人脑胶质瘤细胞U251,观察其对细胞存活的影响。发现DPO-1对U251细胞具有双向作用:低浓度促进存活,高浓度抑制存活。其中,1 mmol/L DPO-1处理6 h,可促进自噬相关蛋白质LC3的表达,而抑制mTOR信号蛋白质的磷酸化水平,表明Kv1.5通道可能参与胶质瘤细胞的自噬。然后,利用基因转染技术分别敲低和过表达Kv1.5通道的蛋白质水平,发现敲低Kv1.5通道蛋白,促进胶质瘤细胞的自噬,激活ERK信号通路,而过表达Kv1.5通道蛋白,则抑制胶质瘤细胞的自噬。进一步利用流式细胞技术观察细胞凋亡,发现改变Kv1.5通道蛋白的表达水平,可诱发细胞早期凋亡。提示Kv1.5通道参与人脑胶质瘤细胞的自噬过程。这为临床利用特异性Kv通道阻断剂靶向治疗胶质瘤提供了新的理论和实验依据。     

SATB1 Expression Is Associated with Biologic Behavior in Colorectal Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo

There is increasing evidence that Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) is aberrantly expressed in several cancers and is correlated with clinicopathologic parameters in these tumors. In this study, we showed over-expression of SATB1 in 80 cases of colorectal cancer and in 3 colorectal cancer cell lines and found expression levels were strongly associated with tumor differentiation and stage. Expression levels of SATB1 protein were higher in poorly-differentiated as compared with well-differentiated cell lines, and both quantity and distribution patterns of SATB1 were associated with tumor differentiation and pTNM stage. Strikingly, we further investigated the effect of down regulation of SATB1 expression on malignant phenotypic features in colorectal cancer cells in vitro, and showed that SABT1 down-regulation negatively affected growth potential, anchorage-independent colony formation and cancer cell invasion, and resulted in increased apoptosis. SATB1 expression was positively associated with the expression of various biological and genetic markers, including Cyclin D1, MMP-2, NF-κB, and PCNA, and was associated with loss of APC and BRAF^V600E. These findings suggest that SATB1 is involved in the carcinogenesis, development and progression of colorectal cancer.     

MicroRNA-383 inhibits anchorage-independent growth and induces cell cycle arrest of glioma cells by targeting CCND1

In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proved to be closely related to the tumorigenesis and progression. An increasing number of researches have shown that microRNAs function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in human malignant tumors. This study aims to explore the effects of microRNA-383 (miR-383) on malignant biological function of human gliomas. We detected the expression of miR-383 in glioma tissues and normal brain tissues by quantitative real-time PCR. Anchorage-independent growth assays, and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the functions of miR-383 that involves in cell growth and cell cycle. Western blotting assay was used to examine protein expression levels of Cyclin D1 (CCND1), a cell cycle-associated oncogene which has a predicted binding site of miR-383 within its 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR), and luciferase activity assay was used to evaluate the 3′-UTR activity of CCND1. In this study, we found that miR-383 expression level was lower in gliomas than normal brain tissues. Overexpression of miR-383 in U251 and U87 cells showed a significant inhibitory effect on cell growth, which accompanied with cell cycle G0/G1 arrest as well as downregulation of CCND1 expression. Moreover, CCND1 was verified to be one of the direct targets of miR-383. In summary, this study suggested that miR-383 plays the role of tumor suppressor by targeting CCND1 in glioma cells, and may be useful for developing a new therapeutic strategy for gliomas.     

BST-2参与HCMV感染诱导的恶性胶质瘤细胞增殖和迁移

为探讨BST-2蛋白是否参与人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染导致的恶性胶质瘤细胞增殖和迁移,以HCMV AD169株感染U251细胞,通过细胞划痕愈合实验检测HCMV感染对U251迁移的影响;通过Western-blot方法检测HCMV感染对BST-2蛋白表达的影响;通过CCK-8、细胞划痕愈合和transwell方法检测HCMV感染后下调BST-2对U251细胞增殖和迁移能力的影响。结果显示,HCMV感染可促进U251细胞迁移并高表达BST-2,沉默BST-2后可抑制由HCMV感染诱导的细胞增殖和迁移。结果证实HCMV感染可促进胶质瘤细胞U251增殖迁移,BST-2参与了HCMV感染导致的恶性胶质瘤细胞增殖和迁移。     

裸鼠肿瘤动物模型VEGF受体表达及其意义

目的　通过免疫组织化学染色了解flt 1与flk 1 KDR(VEGF的两个高亲和受体 )在人肿瘤细胞皮下接种肿瘤动物模型的血管内皮细胞与肿瘤细胞中的表达。方法　取荷瘤裸鼠皮下接种瘤块 ,漂洗、固定、石蜡连续切片 ,进行两种受体相应免疫组化检测。结果　在 13种荷瘤裸鼠血管内皮细胞及肿瘤细胞中flt 1的阳性率大部分为强阳性或中阳性 ,而只有在荷人胃腺癌MKN 4 5裸鼠的肿瘤细胞中flt 1的阳性率为弱阳性 ,在荷人卵巢癌SKOv3裸鼠的肿瘤细胞中flt 1的表达为阴性。相比较而言 ,在 13种荷瘤裸鼠血管内皮细胞及肿瘤细胞中KDR的阳性率大部分为中阳性或弱阳性 ,并且在荷人肝癌SMMC 772 1裸鼠 ,荷人胃腺癌SPC A1裸鼠 ,荷人高转移肝癌移植瘤裸鼠 ,荷人卵巢癌SKOv3裸鼠的肿瘤细胞中 ,荷人宫颈癌移植瘤裸鼠和荷人胃腺癌MKN 4 5裸鼠的肿瘤细胞中 ,KDR表达为阴性。结论　VEGF受体共同表达于肿瘤血管内皮细胞与肿瘤细胞 ,提示了VEGF与VEGF受体结合作用在肿瘤演化中的重要性 ,为靶向于VEGF受体的基因治疗策略选择裸鼠动物模型提供了参考依据     

Honokiol crosses BBB and BCSFB, and inhibits brain tumor growth in rat 9L intracerebral gliosarcoma model and human U251 xenograft glioma model

Background

Gliosarcoma is one of the most common malignant brain tumors, and anti-angiogenesis is a promising approach for the treatment of gliosarcoma. However, chemotherapy is obstructed by the physical obstacle formed by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Honokiol has been known to possess potent activities in the central nervous system diseases, and anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor properties. Here, we hypothesized that honokiol could cross the BBB and BCSFB for the treatment of gliosarcoma.

Methodologies

We first evaluated the abilities of honokiol to cross the BBB and BCSFB by measuring the penetration of honokiol into brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid, and compared the honokiol amount taken up by brain with that by other tissues. Then we investigated the effect of honokiol on the growth inhibition of rat 9L gliosarcoma cells and human U251 glioma cells in vitro. Finally we established rat 9L intracerebral gliosarcoma model in Fisher 344 rats and human U251 xenograft glioma model in nude mice to investigate the anti-tumor activity.

Principal Findings

We showed for the first time that honokiol could effectively cross BBB and BCSFB. The ratios of brain/plasma concentration were respectively 1.29, 2.54, 2.56 and 2.72 at 5, 30, 60 and 120 min. And about 10% of honokiol in plasma crossed BCSFB into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In vitro, honokiol produced dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of rat 9L gliosarcoma cells and human U251 glioma cells with IC₅₀ of 15.61 µg/mL and 16.38 µg/mL, respectively. In vivo, treatment with 20 mg/kg body weight of honokiol (honokiol was given twice per week for 3 weeks by intravenous injection) resulted in significant reduction of tumor volume (112.70±10.16 mm³) compared with vehicle group (238.63±19.69 mm³, P = 0.000), with 52.77% inhibiting rate in rat 9L intracerebral gliosarcoma model, and (1450.83±348.36 mm³) compared with vehicle group (2914.17±780.52 mm³, P = 0.002), with 50.21% inhibiting rate in human U251 xenograft glioma model. Honokiol also significantly improved the survival over vehicle group in the two models (P<0.05).

Conclusions/Significance

This study provided the first evidence that honokiol could effectively cross BBB and BCSFB and inhibit brain tumor growth in rat 9L intracerebral gliosarcoma model and human U251 xenograft glioma model. It suggested a significant strategy for offering a potential new therapy for the treatment of gliosarcoma.     

Conditional replication of a recombinant adenovirus studied using neomycin as a selective marker

An E1B-defective adenovirus, named r2/Ad carrying the neo expression cassette, was constructed by homologous recombination. The construction, selection (using neomycin as a selective marker), and propagation of the recombinant virus was performed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK 293). An in vitro study demonstrated that this recombinant virus has the ability to replicate in and lyse some p53-deficient human tumor cells such as human glioma tumor cells (U251) and human bladder cells (EJ), but not in some cells with functional p53, such as human adenocarcinoma cells (A549) and human fibroblast cells (MRC-5). Also, based on the cytopathic effect (CPE), it was demonstrated, under identical conditions, that the U251 cells were more sensitive to r2/Ad replication than the EJ cells. In this paper, we report that r2/Ad could be very useful in studying the in vitro selective replication of E1B-defective adenovirus and has great potential in cancer gene therapy.     

PPAR??激动剂罗格列酮对人乳腺癌细胞生长 抑制及诱导凋亡作用研究

目的:观察氧化酶体激活物增殖受体(PPARγ)激动剂罗格列酮(ROZ)在体外激活PPARγ后对MCF-7细胞的生长抑制及诱导凋亡作用。方法:MTT法检测ROZ对MCF-7细胞的生长抑制作用;集落形成实验观察ROZ对MCF-7细胞集落形成的影响;不同浓度ROZ作用72h,Hoechst33342染色观察MCF-7细胞的形态变化,流式细胞光度分析术(FCM)检测凋亡细胞百分率以及ROZ对细胞周期的影响;Western blot方法检测ROZ对MCF-7细胞Bcl-2、Caspase-3表达的影响。结果:ROZ可呈剂量依赖性抑制MCF-7细胞的生长及集落形成。ROZ浓度为6×10-5M和3×10-4M时则G1期细胞数明显增加,S期相应减少。Hoechst33342染色经ROZ处理的肿瘤细胞染色质呈颗粒状,且有凋亡小体出现。FCM检测结果显示,ROZ作用72h凋亡细胞数达22.05%。Western blot提示ROZ可抑制Bcl-2表达,促进Caspase3表达。结论:ROZ在体外可抑制MCF-7细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡,这可能与其抑制Bcl-2表达、促进caspase3表达有关。提示ROZ有望成为乳腺癌治疗药或肿瘤治疗的辅助用药,PPARγ有潜力成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。     

miR-195通过下调IGF-1R的表达抑制胶质母细胞瘤的增殖和迁移

目的:探讨miR-195对胶质母细胞瘤(Glioblastoma,GBM)增殖和迁移的影响,并阐明其分子调控机制。方法:采用qRT-PCR检测不同级别胶质瘤中miR-195的表达。将miR-195转染至胶质瘤U251细胞后,应用qRT-PCR验证转染效率,MTT及划痕实验检测U251细胞的增殖及迁移能力的改变,qRT-PCR及Western blot检测胰岛素样生长因子1受体(Insulin-like growth factor 1receptor, IGF-1R)的mRNA和蛋白表达;利用质粒转染过表达miR-195后,同时过表达IGF-1R,再应用MTT及划痕实验检测U251细胞的增殖及迁移能力的变化。结果:随着胶质瘤级别的增加,miR-195的表达逐渐降低,各级别胶质瘤中miR-195的表达差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。体外转染miR-195至U251细胞24、48、72 h后,转染组细胞活力和迁移能力均较对照组显著降低(P0.05),细胞中IGF-1R的mRNA和蛋白的表达也明显减少(P0.05);通过转染IGF-1R过表达质粒可显著逆转miR-195过表达对U251细胞增殖及迁移的抑制作用。结论:miR-195可能通过下调IGF-1R的表达,进而抑制胶质母细胞瘤的增殖和迁移。     

LRRC4基因转染U251细胞的比较蛋白质组学分析

LRRC4是我室自主克隆的一个脑组织优势表达基因.前期研究结果表明,外源性LRRC4基因转染至U251细胞,可明显地抑制U251细胞的增殖、黏附、趋化和侵袭等生物学行为. 因此,LRRC4亦是一个脑胶质瘤抑制性基因.为了进一步了解LRRC4在胶质瘤发生发展中的调控作用,本研究采用荧光差异凝胶电泳（2D-DIGE）和质谱分析技术获得了LRRC4转染U251细胞的11个差异表达蛋白质,并用Western 印迹证实了U251细胞在转染LRRC4基因前后热休克蛋白27、stathmin 1和S100钙结合蛋白A11的差异表达变化. 这些差异蛋白质涉及细胞代谢、增殖、转录、信号转导等众多事件,表明LRRC4基因转染U251细胞后可能通过调控这些蛋白质的表达而参与细胞的增殖、黏附、趋化和侵袭等生物学过程.