参麦注射液对于白血病骨髓抑制期的治疗作用

目的：探讨参麦注射液对于白血病骨髓抑制期的治疗作用。方法：选取我院2011 年1 月至2012 年12 月收治的白血病的患者47 例,随机分为两组,观察组24 例化疗的同时给予参麦注射液,观察组患者23 例只给予化疗,比较两组患者化疗后的骨髓抑制情况和感染发生情况。结果：两组患者化疗效果显示总有效率分别为66.7%和65.2%,无显著差别（P〉0.05）。两组患者化疗骨髓抑制后WBC, Hb, PLT 的恢复时间分别为（6.32± 2.75）天,（9.32± 2.12）天和（7.31± 3.21）天,明显低于对照组（11.34± 4.34）天,（12.54± 3.21）天和（12.41± 4.32）天,差异显著有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组患者中性粒细胞ANC〈0.5× 10^9/L持续的时间明显少于对照组,差异明显有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组患者发生感染的比例明显低于对照组,差异显著有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：参麦注射液可以明显减轻白血病化疗后的骨髓抑制现象,有效保护骨髓的造血功能,缩短骨髓受抑制时间,和降低感染率,明显提高患者生活质量。     

参芪扶正注射液对急性淋巴细胞白血病化疗患者造血和免疫功能的影响

目的:观察参芪扶正注射液对急性淋巴细胞白血病化疗患者造血及免疫功能的影响。方法:收集96例处于初治诱导缓解治疗阶段的急性淋巴细胞白血病患者,并将其随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组48例患者在进行常规化疗的同时给予参芪扶正注射液250 m L,1次/天,共28天;对照组48例患者仅接受常规化疗,两组患者均给予相同的支持对症治疗。治疗结束后,观察两组患者的疾病缓解率、治疗前后造血系统、T和B淋巴细胞亚群的变化情况。结果:化疗结束后,治疗组患者的疾病缓解率为89.6%,对照组为83.3%,两组比较无统计学差异(P0.05);化疗14天及化疗结束后1周,治疗组患者的白细胞、红细胞计数和血红蛋白水平明显高于对照组(P0.05);且化疗结束后1周,治疗组患者的CD3+、CD4+及CD4+/CD8+含量均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。而两组患者治疗前后的血小板计数、CD3-CD19+含量比较均不具有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:参芪扶正注射液辅助治疗不仅能够改善化疗所致的急性淋巴细胞白血病患者的骨髓抑制,而且能够提高其细胞免疫功能,有助于患者化疗后的恢复。     

参麦注射液联合中医汤剂治疗冠心病不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)的效果

目的:探讨参麦注射液联合中药汤剂治疗冠心病不稳定性心绞痛(UAP)的临床疗效。方法:将我院收治的72例冠心病不稳定型心绞痛患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组36例,对照组给予常规西医治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上加用参麦注射液和益气活血汤,比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果:观察组的总有效率为83.3%,对照组为69.4%,组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者治疗前的中医症状积分比较,无显著性差异(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者的中医症状积分均有明显下降,观察组治疗后的中医症状积分显著低于对照组,P0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论:在UAP的临床治疗中,联合应用参麦注射液和益气活血汤,可有效提高临床疗效,且无不良反应,值得推广应用。     

乳腺癌患者加用重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子骨髓支持治疗的效果探讨

目的:探讨乳腺癌患者加用重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rh G-CSF)骨髓支持治疗的临床效果。方法:将我院2011年1月-2012年12月收治的106例乳腺癌患者随机分为对照组及观察组,每组53例。两组均给予常规化疗治疗,观察组在此基础上加用rh G-CSF骨髓支持治疗,比较两组治疗前后血象变化及骨髓毒性反应情况。结果:对照组治疗后WBC、ANC、Plt及Hb与治疗前比较均有显著降低,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);而观察组治疗后以上血象指标较治疗前变化不明显(P0.05),但与对照组同期比较具有显著性差异(P0.05);观察组骨髓毒性反应较对照组轻,Ⅱ度以上发生率为26.42%,显著低于对照组的47.17%(P0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者加用rh G-CSF骨髓支持治疗可明显缓解患者化疗后的骨髓抑制反应,减少其骨髓毒性反应发生,对化疗导致白细胞数减少具有较好的预防和临床应用价值,值得进一步推广和应用。     

COVDP方案治疗成人急性淋巴细胞白血病疗效分析

目的:探讨不同诱导方案治疗成人急性淋巴细胞自血病的疗效及合并症情况。方法:采用COVDP及DVLP诱导治疗方案将我科(2005-2011年)62例急性淋巴细胞白血病患者分为两组,A组采用COVDP诱导方案,B组采用DVLP诱导方案。比较两种不同诱导方案治疗成人急性淋巴细胞白血病的初治缓解率、感染率、是否延迟化疗及骨髓抑制时间。结果:两组方案骨髓缓解率差异无统计学意义(P0.05),巩固治疗期间感染率差异有统计学意义(P0.05),A组骨髓抑制时间为(15.51±0.82d)长于B组(9.63±0.71 d)(P0.05),A组化疗延迟率为44.5%,高于B组(23.1%)(P0.05)。结论:与COVDP诱导方案相比,DVLP诱导方案缩短了骨髓造血恢复时间,降低了感染率及化疗合并症的发生。     

负压封闭引流技术联合前列地尔注射液对重度烧伤患者的疗效观察

目的:研究负压封闭引流技术联合前列地尔注射液对重度烧伤患者的疗效观察。方法:选取2017年2月至2018年2月的67例患者。按照随机数表法分为观察组(n=36)和对照组(n=31),对照组采用负压封闭引流技术治疗,观察组采用负压封闭引流技术联合前列地尔注射液治疗。观察两组治疗疗效情况,临床治疗指标(创面愈合时间、创面愈合率、VAS评分、住院时间),C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)水平,不良反应发生率。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[86.11%(31/36)vs 61.29%(19/31)](P0.05);创面愈合时间、创面愈合率、VAS评分、住院时间均显著低于对照组[(16.93±4.19)天vs(24.27±6.01)天,(92.72±5.03)%vs(81.34±2.48)%,(2.93±0.52)分vs(6.70±1.30)分,(24.09±7.43)天vs(46.98±10.72)天](P0.05);CRP、PCT水平均显著低于对照组[(27.93±3.81)mg/L vs(83.86±7.43)mg/L,(0.10±0.02)ng/L vs(0.43±0.06)ng/L](P0.05);不良反应总发生率显著低于对照组[8.33%(3/36)vs 38.70%(12/31)](P0.05)。结论:负压封闭引流技术联合前列地尔注射液对重度烧伤患者的疗效显著,可促进创面恢复,避免感染,并发症少,安全可靠。     

艾迪注射液联合CapeOx化疗方案治疗中晚期结肠癌的临床疗效

目的探讨艾迪注射液在结肠癌术后CapeOx化疗方案的疗效及对毒副作用的影响。方法选取2014年7月~2017年5月我院收治的结肠癌患者76例,其中对照组31例,观察组45例,对照组仅给予Capeox方案(奥沙利铂130mg/m~2,静脉滴注,第1天,卡培他滨1000mg/m~2,口服,每天2次,第1~14天),21天为1周期。观察组在对照组的基础上加用艾迪注射液50ml/次,每天1次,第1~5天。观察比较两组患者的近期临床疗效、KPS评分、肿瘤标志物水平以及不良反应情况。结果观察组的治疗总有效率为60.00%明显高于对照组的45.16%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者治疗后的KPS评分显著高于治疗前(P0.05),CEA、CA-199、CA-125水平均低于治疗前(P0.05),而且观察组各指标均明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的不良反应比较,观察组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论艾迪注射液联合CapeOx化疗方案可增强中晚期结肠癌的抑制作用,降低化疗的毒副作用。     

地西他滨联合CAG方案对急性髓系白血病患者血清IFN-γ，HBDH与LDH水平的影响

目的:研究地西他滨联合CAG方案对急性髓系白血病患者血清γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(HBDH)与乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平的影响。方法:选取2013年2月至2016年10月我院接诊的70例急性髓系白血病患者作为本次研究对象,并按照随机数表法分为观察组(35例)和对照组(35例)。两组患者均采用常规治疗,对照组在基础治疗上,加用CAG方案,静脉注射阿克拉霉素,每次20 mg;粒细胞集落刺激因子,每次300μg;皮下注射阿糖胞苷,每次10~15 mg/m2;观察组在对照组基础上,加用15mg/m2地西他滨静脉滴注治疗。观察和比较两组患者的临床疗效,治疗前后血清IFN-γ、HBDH、LDH水平的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[91.42%(32/35)vs.68.57%(24/35)](P0.05);血清IFN-γ、HBDH、LDH水平显著低于对照组[(3.21±1.01)pg/mL vs.(5.13±1.90)pg/mL,(103.62±26.39)U/L vs.(118.80±28.60)U/L,(101.36±27.32)U/L vs.(123.08±30.59)U/L](P0.05);不良反应总发生率显著亦明显低于对照组[20.00%(7/35)vs.42.85%(15/35)](P0.05)。结论:地西他滨联合CAG方案治疗急性髓系白血病患者的临床疗效优于单用CAG方案,可能与其显著降低患者血清IFN-γ、HBDH与LDH的水平有关。     

小骨窗微创手术治疗高血压脑出血患者的疗效

目的:分析小骨窗微创手术在高血压脑出血患者的临床效果。方法:选取我院收治的高血压脑出血患者200例,按照治疗方式的不同分为观察组100例,对照组100例,观察组采用小骨窗微创手术治疗,对照组采用传统开颅手术治疗,对两组疗效及预后进行对比。结果:两组患者的术后残留血肿量较术前明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组术后残留血肿量(10.3±2.8)m L,对照组术后残留血肿量(11.1±3.0)m L,两组之间术后血肿残留量比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组手术时间(92.8±15.5)分钟,对照组手术时间(125.4±16.1)分钟,观察组手术时间明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组住院时间(15.8±5.2)天,对照组住院时间(24.1±5.8)天,观察组住院时间明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。再出血率比较:观察组治疗后再出血率3.0%,对照组治疗后再出血率8.0%,观察组出血率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。NDS及ADL比较:两组治疗后NDS及ADL均优于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组NDS及ADL均显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。GCS比较:两组评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:小骨窗微创手术可以改善患者的预后,可显著提高高血压脑出血治疗效果。     

参麦注射液辅助治疗慢性心衰患者的临床疗效观察

目的:评价参麦注射液辅助治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart failure,CHF)的临床疗效,并探讨其对患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hsCRP)及脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)水平的影响.方法:选择心功能Ⅱ～Ⅳ级(NYHA)的CHF患者120例,随机分为对照组和治疗组(每组60例),两组患者均予常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上静滴参麦注射液,两组均治疗15天,检测和比较两组治疗前后患者的血清hsCRP、BNP水平和心脏超声测定左心室射血分数(LVEF)及左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDd).结果:对照组和治疗组的心功能临床有效率分别为73.7％和88.7％,治疗组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗后,两组LVEF均较治疗前明显升高(P＜0.05),LVEDd均较治疗前明显缩小(P＜0.05),且治疗组与对照组相比有统计学差异(P＜0.05).而治疗后,两组血浆BNP和hsCRP水平均较治疗前显著下降(P＜0.01),且治疗组显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).两组治疗过程中均无明显不良反应发生.结论:参麦注射液辅助治疗CHF的疗效较常规治疗更好,可显著降低患者血清hsCRP、BNP水平,改善左室功能.     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.