共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Summary
In vitro regeneration of plants via somatic embryogenesis through cell suspension culture was achieved in horsegram. Embryogenic calluses
were induced on leaf segments on solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 9.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Differentiation of somatic embryos occurred when the embryogenic calluses were transferred
to liquid MS medium containing 2,4-D. Maximum frequency (33.2%) of somatic embryos was observed on MS medium supplemented
with 7.9 μM 2,4-D. Cotyledonary-torpedo-shaped embryos were transferred to liquid MS medium without growth regulators for maturation
and germination. About 5% of the embryos germinated into plants, which grew further on solid MS medium. The plants were hardened
and established in soil. Effects of various auxins, cytokinins, carbohydrates, amino acids, and other additives on induction
and germination of somatic embryos were also studied. A medium supplemented with 7.9 μM 2,4-D, 3.0% sucrose, 40 mg l−1
L-glutamine, and 1.0 μM abscisic acid was effective to achieve a high frequency of somatic embryo induction, maturation, and further development. 相似文献
2.
M. Muruganantham S. Amutha A. Ganapathi 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2010,46(1):34-40
The regeneration of plants via somatic embryogenesis liquid shake culture of embryogenic calluses was achieved in Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper (blackgram). The production of embryogenic callus was induced by seeding primary leaf explants of V. mungo onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) (Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) medium supplemented (optimally) with 1.5 mg/l 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid. The embryogenic callus was then transferred
to liquid MS medium supplemented (optimally) with 0.25 mg/l 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid. Globular, heart-shaped, and torpedo-shaped
embryos developed in liquid culture. The optimal carbohydrate source for production of somatic embryos was 3% sucrose (compared
to glucose, fructose, and maltose). l-Glutamine (20 mg/l) stimulated the production of all somatic embryo stages significantly. Torpedo-shaped embryos were transferred
to MS (Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) liquid medium containing 0.5 mg/l abscisic acid to induce the maturation of cotyledonary-stage embryos. Cotyledonary-stage
embryos were transferred to 1/2-MS semi-solid basal medium for embryo conversion. Approximately 1–1.5% of the embryos developed
into plants. 相似文献
3.
G. Vengadesan N. Selvaraj R. Prem Anand V. Gaba A. Ganapathi 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2005,41(6):789-793
Summary Suspension culture of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) has been an inefficient method for production of somatic embryos owing to problems with embryo maturation and conversion.
Embryogenic callus of cv. Green Long was induced on semisolid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 6.8 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2.2 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). A large number of globular somatic embryos were obtained on transfer of the callus to MS liquid
medium supplemented with 87.6 mM sucrose, 1.1 μM 2,4-D, and improved by the addition of 342.4 μM
l-glutamine. MS medium supplemented with 87.6 mM sucrose was more effective in somatic embryo production than other sugars. Subsequent development led to the formation of
heart-and torpedo-shaped embryos. Maturation of somatic embryos occurred on plant growth regulator-free MS semi-solid medium
containing 175.2 mM sucrose and 0.5 gl−1 activated charcoal. Conversion of embryos into plants was achieved on half-strength MS semi-solid medium containing 87.6
mM sucrose and 1.4 μM gibberellic acid (GA3) in a 16h photoperiod. Twenty-seven percent of embryos were converted into normal plants. 相似文献
4.
A. Ptak A. El. Tahchy G. Wyżgolik M. Henry D. Laurain-Mattar 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(1):61-67
The influence of ethylene on in vitro morphogenesis of Leucojum aestivum and galanthamine accumulation was studied. Calli were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 25 μM
4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) and 0.5 μM benzyladenine (BA). During incubation under these conditions,
callus cultures produced ethylene (9.5 nL/g fresh weight: F.W.) whereas no ethylene was found in somatic embryos cultivated
on medium supplemented with 0.5 μM α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 5 μM zeatin. Application of the precursor of ethylene
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) increased ethylene production in both cultures, and decreased callus growth by
a factor of 1.2, whereas callus growth was enhanced by a factor of 1.1 in the presence of an inhibitor of ethylene silver
nitrate (AgNO3) or by a factor of 1.2 with an absorbent potassium permanganate (KMnO4). ACC enhanced the induction of somatic embryos and the development of globular embryos. Removal of ethylene by KMnO4 during somatic embryogenesis led to the development of plants with greater length. Silver thiosulphate (STS) induced galanthamine
production in callus cultures (0.1% dry weight), whereas ACC induced galanthamine production in somatic embryo cultures (2%
dry weight). 相似文献
5.
Anika Nadja Sabine Prange Margrethe Serek Melanie Bartsch Traud Winkelmann 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,101(2):171-182
Embryogenic cultures of Cyclamen coum were established on solid media and in suspension, and their growth characteristics in response to different concentrations
of plant growth regulators (PGRs) were evaluated. Embryogenic cultures exhibited a high regeneration capacity of 876 somatic
embryos per gram fresh mass. Up to 4.24 × 105 protoplasts per gram of fresh mass were isolated from somatic embryos and embryogenic suspension cultures. Protoplasts derived
from both embryos and suspension cultures were successfully cultured in vitro and regenerated into plants via somatic embryogenesis.
Phenotypic analyses and flow cytometric measurements revealed that some regenerated plants were tetraploid. About 20% of the
protoplast-derived calluses used for regeneration were tetraploid, while tetraploidy was found in 0.9% of the plants regenerated
from the embryogenic cultures. 相似文献
6.
Y. J. Kim M. K. Kim J. S. Shim R. K. Pulla D. C. Yang 《Russian Journal of Plant Physiology》2010,57(2):283-289
Somatic embryogenesis from single cells is important for normal plant regeneration of ginseng. Cotyledon explants from zygotic
embryos of two new ginseng cultivars, Chun-Poong and Yun-Poong, produced somatic embryos on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal
medium and MS medium containing growth regulators. The highest frequency of single somatic embryo formation was obtained when
cotyledon explants were excised from premature (cultured for 1 day) zygotic embryos (about 6 mm in length) of both cvs. Chun-Poong
and Yun-Poong and then cultured on MS medium supplemented with 7% sucrose. The frequency of single somatic embryo formation
was strongly enhanced when Chun-Poong cotyledons were subjected to plasmolysis with 0.1–0.5 M sucrose for 24 h and Yun-Poong
cotyledons to plasmolysis with 1.0 M sucrose for 24 h and then cultured on MS medium with 2,4-D. 相似文献
7.
Somatic embryogenesis was obtained from cotyledon and mature zygotic embryo callus cultures of Terminalia chebula Retz. Callus cultures of cotyledon and mature zygotic embryo were initiated on induction medium containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrients with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) either 0.01 or 0.1 mg/l Kinetin and 30 g/l sucrose. Induction of somatic embryogenesis, proliferation and development was obtained through different culture passages. Embryogenic cotyledon callus with globular somatic embryos was obtained on MS basal medium supplemented with 50 g/l sucrose. Globular somatic embryos were observed from mature zygotic embryo callus on induction medium. Different stages of somatic embryo development from cotyledon and mature zygotic embryo calluses were observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 50 g/l sucrose after 4 weeks of culture. Histological studies have revealed the developmental stages of somatic embryos. A maximum of 40.3±1.45 cotyledonary somatic embryos/callus was obtained from mature zygotic embryo compared to 7.70±0.37 cotyledonary somatic embryos/callus initiated from cotyledons. Germination of somatic embryos and conversion to plants were achieved. Highest frequency of germination (46.66±0.88) of somatic embryos was obtained on MS basal medium containing benzyladenine (0.5 mg/l) with 30 g/l sucrose. 相似文献
8.
K. Górecka D. Krzyżanowska W. Kiszczak U. Kowalska 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(6):1139-1145
The research concerned of the regeneration of plants from embryos obtained from anther cultures of seven carrot (Daucus carota L.) cultivars. The aim was to determine the influence of the regeneration medium on the efficiency of the regeneration process.
The optimization of the adaptation of the obtained plants was also carried out. Embryogenesis occurred on four of the tested
media: B5 and MS without hormones, MS with charcoal, and MS with 1 mg dm−3 BA and 0.001 mg dm−3 NAA. Embryos obtained from the anther cultures produced secondary embryos, from which the regenerations of plants was observed.
Secondary embryos were formed most extensively on the B5 medium without hormones. The efficiency of the regeneration process depended on the cultivar. Most of the secondary embryos
were formed by androgenetic embryos of the cultivar ‘Feria F1’. The highest number of plants (102) regenerated from one embryo during 12 weeks of culture was also obtained in case of
the cultivar ‘Feria F1’. Secondary embryogenesis and plant regeneration from embryos allow to omit the difficult stage of root induction applied
when plants are regenerated form shoots' explants. This makes the plant regeneration process quicker and easier. The plants
regenerated by the conversion of embryos are better adapted to the ex vitro conditions than those obtained in the two-stage
organogenesis involving the regeneration of shoots and in second stage roots induction. 相似文献
9.
Summary Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration have been achieved in Nothapodytes foetida, which is known for its rich source of anti-cancer and anti-AIDS alkaloids. Callus cultures were initiated from immature
zygotic embryos cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 6-benzyladenine
(BA), and kinetin. MS medium devoid of plant growth regulators favored the development of globular somatic embryos that differentiated
further into plantlets. Plantlet regeneration efficiency was effectively increased on MS medium supplemented with BA. Over
90% of the in vitro plantlets survived when transferred to the soil. Alkaloids were detected in different stages of somatic embryos, regenerated
plantlets, and different parts of the 2-yr-old regenerated plants. The somatic embryos contains camptothecin (0.011% dry weight.
DW) and 9-methoxycamptothecin (0.0028% DW). Two-yearold field-grown plants obtained from somatic embryos were analyzed and
contained higher levels of camptothecin (0.20% DW) and 9-methoxycamptothecin. (0.097% DW) accumulated in roots, followed by
stem and leaves. Alkaloids were quantified and identified by TLC and HPLC. 相似文献
10.
Konstantin V. Kiselev Anna V. Turlenko Yuri N. Zhuravlev 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,99(2):141-149
A somatic embryogenesis protocol for plant regeneration of northern red oak (Quercus rubra) was established from immature cotyledon explants. Embryogenic callus cultures were induced on Murashige and Skoog medium
(MS) containing 3% sucrose, 0.24% Phytagel™, and various concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) after 4 weeks of culture in darkness. A higher response (66%) of embryogenic callus was induced on 0.45 μM 2,4-d. Higher numbers of globular- (31), heart- (17), torpedo- (12), and cotyledon-stage (8) embryos per explant were obtained
by culturing embryogenic callus on MS with 3% sucrose, 0.24% Phytagel™, and devoid of growth regulators after 8 weeks culture
in darkness. Continuous sub-culturing of embryogenic callus on medium containing 2,4-d yielded only compact callus. Desiccation of embryos for 3 days in darkness at 25 ± 2°C followed by cold storage at 4°C in
darkness for 8 weeks favored embryo germination and development of plantlets. Cotyledon-stage embryos subjected to desiccation
and chilling treatment cultured on MS with 3% sucrose, 0.24 Phytagel™, 0.44 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), and 0.29 μM gibberellic
acid germinated at a higher frequency (61%) than with 0.44 μM BA alone and control cultures. Germinated plantlets developed
a shoot and root, were acclimatized successfully, and maintained in a growth room for plantlet development. 相似文献
11.
Tanveer Khan Vanga Siva Reddy Sadhu Leelavathi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,101(3):323-330
A highly efficient and reproducible regeneration system based on somatic embryogenesis in Gossypium hirsutum cv. Narasimha (NM), which has superior fiber qualities and is also used as a female parent in several hybrid cottons, has
been developed. Embryogenic callus was obtained form both hypocotyls and cotyledonary leaves on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium
containing kinetin and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Somatic embryogenesis was observed on hormone-free MS medium, but embryos
did not grow well beyond globular stage. However, somatic embryos germinated well on MS medium containing B5 vitamins; addition
of zeatin was found to be beneficial for their normal development. Most importantly, the media and culture conditions developed
for NM were also found to be suitable for high-frequency somatic embryogenesis in Coker 310. In addition, the newly developed
regeneration protocol has been successfully tested for genetic transformation through co-cultivation with Agrobacterium using embryogenic calli as explants. Molecular analysis confirmed the stable integration and expression of marker gene, green
fluorescent protein (GFP). These results show that it is now possible to introduce foreign gene(s) directly into elite cultivar
Narasimha with similar efficiency to in traditionally used Coker lines in a relatively short period of time. Development of
efficient regeneration and transformation systems as demonstrated here should augment the introduction of new traits directly
into cultivated varieties/hybrids, reducing the time required for back-crossing and the costs for seed production, besides
aiding genomic research in cotton. 相似文献
12.
Laura Y. Solís-Ramos Sara Nahuath-Dzib Antonio Andrade-Torres Felipe Barredo-Pool Tomas González-Estrada Enrique Castaño de la Serna 《Biologia》2010,65(3):504-511
Capsicum chinense is recalcitrant in in vitro morphogenesis. No efficient, reproducible somatic embryogenesis regeneration system exists for this species, impeding regeneration
from transformed cells. An indirect somatic embryogenesis protocol is developed using mature C. chinense zygotic embryo segments (ZES). The ZES cultured in semi-solid Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 8.9 μM naphthaleneacetic
acid, 11.4 μM indoleacetic acid and 8.9 μM 6-benzylaminopurine, developed an embryogenic callus and 8% of the calli developed
somatic embryos. Torpedo-stage somatic embryos were detached from the callus and subcultured in semi-solid MS medium without
growth regulators, producing a 75% conversion rate to plantlets with well-formed root tissue. Histological analysis showed
the developed structures to have no vascular connection with the callus and to be bipolar, confirming that this protocol induced
formation of viable somatic embryos from mature C. chinense ZES. All acclimated plantlets survived under greenhouse conditions. This protocol will facilitate regeneration of genetically
transformed plants using either biolistics or Agrobacterium tumefaciens approach. 相似文献
13.
Priyanka Saha Subhendu Bandyopadhyay Sarmistha Sen Raychaudhuri 《Biological trace element research》2011,140(2):225-243
A nutrient medium has been formulated by altering the macro- and micro-elemental concentration in the culture medium for in
vitro somatic embryo induction of economically important medicinal plant Plantago ovata Forsk .A comparison was made between induced embryos with normal embryos (produced in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium) to
observe frequency of embryo induction and also to determine regeneration efficiency. In the present investigation, three different
media have been formulated. Among them, FM3 (formulated media, treatment 3) was the most suitable for increasing the frequency
of somatic embryo production and regeneration of P. ovata Forsk. Better result was obtained using formulated medium than with MS medium. 相似文献
14.
Jin-Ling Dai Xiao Tan Ya-Guang Zhan Yun-Qiang Zhang Shuang Xiao Ying Gao Dong-Wei Xu Tao Wang Xiao-Chun Wang Xiang-Ling You 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,104(1):125-130
In this work, we established a rapid and repetitive plant regeneration system for Aralia elata Seem. via primary and secondary somatic embryogenesis. Primary somatic embryogenesis was induced using leaf disks, petiole,
and root segments, individually cultured for 5 weeks on Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) (1972) medium with 0–5.0 mg/l indolebutyric acid (IBA). Our investigation demonstrated that optimal IBA concentrations of 3.0,
2.0, and 0.3 mg/l resulted in 100% somatic embryogenesis rates and averages of 11.3, 10.0, and 8.6 somatic embryos per explant
for leaf disks, petiole, and root segments, respectively. The primary somatic embryos were used to conduct secondary somatic
embryogenesis and the following treatments, in a gradient series, were examined: 0.3–4.0 mg/l IBA, 10–70 g/l sucrose and 0.2–3.0 mg/l
abscisic acid (ABA). The results indicated that IBA was more effective than sucrose and ABA, and 3.0 mg/l IBA was the most
suitable concentration for secondary somatic embryogenesis. Histological preparations indicated a multi-cellular origin of
secondary somatic embryos and different morphological developmental stages during secondary somatic embryogenesis. Primary
and secondary somatic embryos germinated readily and developed into normal plantlets after 2 weeks in woody plant medium (WPM,
Lloyd and McCown 1980) with 20 g/l sucrose. At 4–5 cm in length, plantlets were transferred to soil (1:1 v/v of peat moss and sand) and the survival
rate was 89% after 4 weeks under greenhouse conditions. This system provides a viable contribution to A. elata gene transformation, breeding and regeneration. 相似文献
15.
Veena Agrawal Pratima Rani Sardar 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2007,43(6):585-592
In vitro regeneration through somatic embryogenesis as well as organogenesis using cotyledon of a woody medicinal legume, Cassia angustifolia is reported. The cotyledons dissected from semi-mature seeds, if inoculated on Murashige and Skoog’s medium (MS) supplemented
with auxin alone or in combination with cytokinin, produced direct and indirect somatic embryos. A maximum of 14.36 ± 2.26
somatic embryos per 20 mg of explants including callus were produced in 70% cultures on MS medium with 2.5 μM benzyladenine
(BA) + 10 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Although the percentage of embryogenic cultures was higher (83.33%) at
10 μM 2,4-D + 1 μM BA, the average number of somatic embryos was much less (7.6 ± 0.85) at this level, whereas at 2.5 μM BA
and 5 μM 2,4-D, there was a simultaneous formation of both somatic embryos and shoots. The somatic embryos, although started
germinating on the same medium, developed into full plantlets only if transferred to MS basal with 2% sucrose. Cytokinins
alone did not induce somatic embryogenesis, but formed multiple shoots. Five micromolar BA proved optimum for recurrently
inducing shoots in the competent callus with a maximum average of 12.04 ± 2.10 shoots and shoot length of 2.26 ± 0.03 cm.
Nearly 91.6% shoots (2–2.5 cm in size) organized an average of 5.12 ± 0.58 roots on half strength MS + 10 μM indole-3-butyric
acid. All the plantlets have been transferred successfully to soil. Types of auxin and its interaction with cytokinin significantly
influenced somatic embryogenesis. 相似文献
16.
Zita Demeter Gyula Surányi V. Attila Molnár Gábor Sramkó Dániel Beyer Zoltán Kónya Gábor Vasas Márta M-Hamvas Csaba Máthé 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,100(3):349-353
Crocus heuffelianus belongs to the C. vernus (Iridaceae) species aggregate. In the Carpathian Basin and particularly in Hungary it is considered an endangered species. Therefore
our aim was to establish a tissue culture system with potential of germplasm preservation of this taxon. For in vitro culture
experiments, shoot primordia from corms were the most suitable. We induced an embryogenic callus line from those explants
on basal Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with Gamborg’s vitamins, 2% (w/v) sucrose, 10 mg l−1 (53.7 μM) α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 1 mg l−1 (4.44 μM) 6-benzyladenine (BA). Globular stage embryos developed on this medium and several culture conditions were used
in an attempt to obtain mature embryos and plant regeneration. Firstly a decrease of auxin/cytokinin concentration and ratio,
then secondly a decrease in the strength of culture medium and the concentration of carbon source was used, which was effective
in embryogenesis and the production of plants. Regeneration medium used in the second step was fourfold diluted MS medium
and Gamborg’s vitamins supplemented with 1% (w/v) sucrose, 0.05 mg l−1 (0.26 μM) NAA and 0.5 mg l−1 (2.22 μM) BA, with a 14/10 h photoperiod. Under these conditions we could detect all the stages of somatic embryo development
characteristic for Iridaceae. This is the first report demonstrating the production of stable tissue culture of C. heuffelianus with potential use in germplasm preservation via plant regeneration. This study could also contribute to a better understanding
of somatic embryogenesis in the Crocus genus. 相似文献
17.
In the present study, in vitro regeneration system for a recalcitrant woody tree legume, Leucaena leucocephala (cvs. K-8, K-29, K-68 and K-850) from mature tree derived nodal explants as well as seedling derived cotyledonary node explants
was developed. Best shoot initiation and elongation was found on full-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented
with 3 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 100 mg dm−3 glutamine, 20.9 μM N
6-benzylamino-purine (BAP) and 5.37 μM 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Rooting was induced in half-strength MS medium containing
2 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 14.76 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.23 μM kinetin. The cultivar K-29 gave the best response under in vitro conditions. Rooted plantlets were subjected to hardening and successfully transferred to greenhouse. Further, somatic embryogenesis
from nodal explants of cv. K-29 via an intermittent callus phase was also established. Pronounced callusing was observed on full-strength MS medium containing
3 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 40.28 μM NAA and 12.24 μM BAP. These calli were transferred to induction medium and maximum number of globular
shaped somatic embryos was achieved in full-strength MS medium fortified with 3 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 15.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 5.0 μM BAP and 1.0 mM proline. Moreover, an increase in endogenous
proline content up to 28th day of culture in induction medium was observed. These globular shaped somatic embryos matured in full-strength MS medium
with 3 % (m/v) sucrose, 100 mg dm−3 myoinositol, 10.0 μM BAP, 2.5 to 5.0 μM IBA and 0.5 mM spermidine. 相似文献
18.
Jing Li Yang Bo Zhao Eun Soo Seong Myong Jo Kim Won Hee Kang Na Young Kim Chang Yeon Yu Cheng Hao Li 《Plant biotechnology reports》2010,4(4):261-267
We describe culture conditions for a high-efficiency in vitro regeneration system of Papaver
nudicaule through somatic embryogenesis and secondary somatic embryogenesis. The embryogenic callus induction rate was highest when
petiole explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1.0 mg l−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) (36.7%). When transferred to plant growth regulator (PGR)-free medium, 430 somatic embryos formed asynchronously
from 90 mg of embryogenic callus in each 100-ml flask. Early-stage somatic embryos were transferred to MS medium containing
1.0 mg l−1 BA and 1.0 mg l−1 NAA to germinate at high frequency (97.6%). One-third-strength MS medium with 1.0% sucrose and 1.0 mg l−1 GA3 had the highest frequency of plantlet conversion from somatic embryos (91.2%). Over 90% of regenerated plantlets were successfully
acclimated in the greenhouse. Secondary somatic embryos were frequently induced directly when the excised hypocotyls of the
primary somatic embryos were cultured on MS medium without PGRs. Sucrose concentration significantly affected the induction
of secondary embryos. The highest induction rate (89.5) and number of secondary somatic embryos per explant (9.3) were obtained
by 1% sucrose. Most secondary embryos (87.2–94.3%) developed into the cotyledonary stage on induction medium. All cotyledonary
secondary embryos were converted into plantlets both in liquid and on semisolid 1/3-strength MS medium with 1.0% sucrose. 相似文献
19.
Yu-Shi Luan Juan Zhang Xiao-Rong Gao Li-Jia An 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2007,88(1):77-81
Salt tolerant cultivars of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) can be obtained from induced mutation. The objective of the present study was to induce mutation for salt tolerance using
ethylmethanesulphonate (EMS) in calli of sweet potato, followed by cell line selection and subsequent plant regeneration.
Calli initiated from leaf explants were treated with 0.5% EMS for 0, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 h, followed by rinsing with sterile
distilled water for four times. Preliminary experiments showed that 200 mM NaCl could be used as selection pressure. Salt
tolerant calli were sub-cultured on medium supplemented with 200 mM NaCl for selection of mutant cell lines and this process
repeated 5 times (20 days each). The selected calli were transferred onto somatic embryo formation medium, which was Murashige
and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4 mg l−1 abscisic acid (ABA), 10 mg l−1 gibberellic acid (GA). After 15 days, somatic embryos were transferred onto MS medium supplemented with 0.05 mg l−1 ABA, 0.2 mg l−1 zeatin (ZT) for regeneration. Plants designated as ML1, ML2 and ML3 were regenerated from the somatic embryos formed by calli
treated with 0.5% EMS for 2 and 2.5 h. After propagation, salt tolerance of these mutants was investigated. Data suggested
the mutants were more salt tolerant than control plants. 相似文献
20.
Reinerio Benega Garcia Aroldo Cisneros Bert Schneider Noemi Tel-Zur 《Plant cell reports》2009,28(5):719-726
Gynogenesis was investigated on the allotetraploid Selenicereus megalanthus and the diploid Hylocereus polyrhizus and Hylocereus undatus vine cactus species. Unpollinated ovules from developing flower buds containing microspores at middle uninucleate developmental
stage were cultured on MS basal medium containing 2,4-D/TDZ with different sucrose concentrations. Ovule size increased under
dark culture conditions in all the three species and the level of response was species and sucrose concentration dependent.
The best responses were achieved in the two S. megalanthus accessions, E-123 and J-80, at 0.18 and 0.26 M sucrose. Only ovule enlargement was obtained in H. undatus and both ovule enlargement and callus were obtained in H. polyrhizus. Development in both species ceased and embryoids were not formed. Plant regeneration was directly and indirectly obtained
in both S. megalanthus accessions. Ploidy level was determined for a total of 29 S. megalanthus gynogenic plants using flow cytometry: 15 were found to be dihaploid (plants with the gametophytic chromosome number) and
the other 14 were found to have higher ploidy levels. This is the first report of successful gynogenesis in Cactaceae. The
dihaploids of S. megalanthus successfully produced by ovule culture techniques opens new perspectives in vine cacti breeding. 相似文献